Add finality checkpoint at 2205000 (anti-fork); v5.9.12

mapOrphanBlocksByPrev.insert dereferenced pblock2 after std::move'ing it into mapOrphanBlocks - guaranteed null deref (segfault at offset 4) on every orphan block received. Capture hashPrevBlock and the raw pointer before the move.

Also add -ignoredupstake (default off): bypasses the duplicate proof-of-stake rejection so canonical blocks can be imported when a fork twin staking the same outpoint was seen first. Recovery/diagnostic use only.

.clang-format

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+# Triangles code style.
+# Conservative: do not reflow long lines, do not reorganize includes.
+# This config is enforced *only on changed lines* via `git clang-format` in CI,
+# so it shapes new/edited code without touching legacy files until they're touched.
+
+BasedOnStyle: LLVM
+Language: Cpp
+Standard: c++17
+
+IndentWidth: 4
+TabWidth: 4
+UseTab: Never
+ContinuationIndentWidth: 4
+AccessModifierOffset: -4
+
+ColumnLimit: 0          # Don't reflow long lines — too disruptive for legacy code.
+ReflowComments: false
+
+BreakBeforeBraces: Attach
+AllowShortFunctionsOnASingleLine: Inline
+AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: false
+AllowShortLoopsOnASingleLine: false
+AllowShortCaseLabelsOnASingleLine: false
+
+PointerAlignment: Left
+DerivePointerAlignment: false
+SpaceAfterCStyleCast: false
+SpacesInParentheses: false
+SpacesInSquareBrackets: false
+SpaceBeforeAssignmentOperators: true
+
+NamespaceIndentation: None
+FixNamespaceComments: true
+
+# Includes: don't shuffle — header order in this codebase is load-bearing
+# (e.g. main.cpp's mix of project + system headers carries platform meaning).
+SortIncludes: false
+IncludeBlocks: Preserve
+
+KeepEmptyLinesAtTheStartOfBlocks: false
+MaxEmptyLinesToKeep: 2
+
+AlignAfterOpenBracket: Align
+AlignConsecutiveAssignments: false
+AlignConsecutiveDeclarations: false
+AlignTrailingComments: true
+
+# Don't auto-add braces to single-statement bodies — too invasive.
+InsertBraces: false

.clang-tidy

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# Triangles clang-tidy config.
+#
+# Goal: catch real bugs in new/edited code without drowning in noise from
+# legacy patterns. Enforced *diff-only* in CI (changed lines on PRs).
+#
+# Conservative starter set. Graduate checks to WarningsAsErrors only after
+# the codebase is clean for that check.
+
+Checks: >
+  -*,
+  bugprone-*,
+  performance-*,
+  readability-misleading-indentation,
+  readability-redundant-control-flow,
+  readability-redundant-smartptr-get,
+  readability-redundant-string-cstr,
+  readability-redundant-string-init,
+  readability-string-compare,
+  modernize-use-nullptr,
+  modernize-use-override,
+  modernize-deprecated-headers,
+  cppcoreguidelines-init-variables,
+  cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-member-init,
+  -bugprone-easily-swappable-parameters,
+  -bugprone-implicit-widening-of-multiplication-result,
+  -bugprone-narrowing-conversions,
+  -bugprone-branch-clone,
+  -bugprone-signed-char-misuse,
+  -bugprone-reserved-identifier,
+  -bugprone-unchecked-optional-access,
+  -performance-no-int-to-ptr,
+  -performance-avoid-endl
+
+# Warn-only initially. Once a check is clean repo-wide we can promote it here.
+WarningsAsErrors: ''
+
+# Run on project sources; skip vendored/generated code.
+HeaderFilterRegex: '^.*src/(?!json/nlohmann_json|leveldb|lz4|tor/tor-src).*\.h$'
+
+FormatStyle: file
+
+CheckOptions:
+  - key: readability-identifier-naming.IgnoreMainLikeFunctions
+    value: '1'
+  - key: cppcoreguidelines-init-variables.IncludeStyle
+    value: 'google'

.claude/settings.json

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "permissions": {
-    "allow": [
-      "Bash(C:/msys64/msys2_shell.cmd -mingw64 -defterm -no-start -here -c \"ls /mingw64/lib/libboost_system* 2>/dev/null\")",
-      "Bash(git tag:*)"
-    ],
-    "additionalDirectories": [
-      "C:\\msys64\\mingw64\\bin"
-    ]
-  }
-}

.git-blame-ignore-revs

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Revisions listed here are skipped by `git blame` when --ignore-revs-file
+# is configured. GitHub honors this file automatically.
+#
+# Add the SHA of any large mechanical reformat / rename / mass-style commit
+# below, with a one-line comment.
+#
+# Example:
+#   abc1234567890abcdef  # repo-wide clang-format (no behavior change)
+#
+# To enable locally:
+#   git config blame.ignoreRevsFile .git-blame-ignore-revs

.gitea/krystie-release.pub.asc

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.gitea/krystie_gate.py

@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Krystie Gate — static check stage of the CI gate.
+
+Runs inside the Gitea Actions runner. Inspects all commits that were just
+pushed to a krystie-wip/* branch and rejects if any violates the gate rules.
+
+Decision per commit:
+  * If signed by Krystie's GPG key (fingerprint DCF2579968107984), apply the
+    full per-repo gate.
+  * If signed by a different key OR unsigned, allow (Sami's authority).
+
+Per-repo enforcement:
+  * triangles_v5      : red-list (consensus paths) + test-first + no-clearnet
+  * triangles-explorer, triangles-api, tridock-web-wallet, sami-chat, tri-pi:
+                        test-first only
+  * homebrew-triangles: formula syntax check only
+
+Outputs:
+  * On reject, prints REJECTED lines to stderr and exits 1.
+  * On accept, sets `is_krystie_commit` GH-actions output to true/false.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import re
+import subprocess
+import sys
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from pathlib import Path
+
+# Krystie's GPG identity. We accept both the primary long-ID and the
+# signing subkey because `git log %GK` returns the subkey that was actually
+# used to sign, not the primary. The full primary fingerprint is also
+# included so a paranoid future check can validate the chain.
+KRYSTIE_PRIMARY_FP = "523A81833EB7201573E1EFE1DCF2579968107984"
+KRYSTIE_KEY_IDS = {
+    "DCF2579968107984",  # primary long-ID
+    "C2DC60618C85A159",  # signing subkey long-ID
+}
+
+RED_LIST_TRIANGLES_V5 = [
+    re.compile(r"^src/main\.(cpp|h)$"),
+    re.compile(r"^src/validation.*"),
+    re.compile(r"^src/kernel\.(cpp|h)$"),
+    re.compile(r"^src/checkpoints\.(cpp|h)$"),
+    re.compile(r"^src/consensus/"),
+    re.compile(r"^src/protocol\.(cpp|h)$"),
+    re.compile(r"^src/net\.(cpp|h)$"),
+    re.compile(r"^src/netbase\.(cpp|h)$"),
+    re.compile(r"^src/net_bootstrap\.(cpp|h)$"),
+    re.compile(r"^src/chainparams.*"),
+    re.compile(r"^src/clientversion\.h$"),
+    re.compile(r"^src/key\.(cpp|h)$"),
+    re.compile(r"^src/keystore\.(cpp|h)$"),
+    re.compile(r"^src/onionseed\.h$"),
+    re.compile(r"^contrib/seeds/"),
+    re.compile(r"^contrib/devtools/release.*"),
+    re.compile(r"^doc/release-process\.txt$"),
+]
+
+TEST_DIRS = {
+    "triangles_v5":       ["src/test/", "test/"],
+    "triangles-explorer": ["src/__tests__/", "tests/", "test/"],
+    "triangles-api":      ["test/", "__tests__/", "tests/"],
+    "tridock-web-wallet": ["test/", "__tests__/", "tests/"],
+    "sami-chat":          ["test/", "__tests__/", "tests/"],
+    "tri-pi":             ["test/", "tests/"],
+    "homebrew-triangles": [],
+}
+
+SOURCE_EXTS = {
+    "triangles_v5":       {".cpp", ".h", ".c"},
+    "triangles-explorer": {".ts", ".tsx", ".js", ".svelte"},
+    "triangles-api":      {".js", ".ts"},
+    "tridock-web-wallet": {".ts", ".tsx", ".js", ".svelte", ".vue"},
+    "sami-chat":          {".ts", ".tsx", ".js", ".svelte", ".vue"},
+    "tri-pi":             {".py", ".sh", ".ts", ".js"},
+    "homebrew-triangles": set(),
+}
+
+RED_LIST_REPOS = {"triangles_v5"}
+
+PEER_CONFIG_PATHS = [
+    re.compile(r"^contrib/seeds/"),
+    re.compile(r"^src/chainparams.*"),
+    re.compile(r".*triangles\.conf(\.example)?$"),
+]
+
+
+@dataclass
+class GateResult:
+    ok: bool
+    reason: str = ""
+
+
+def repo_name() -> str:
+    repo = os.environ.get("GITHUB_REPOSITORY", "")
+    return repo.split("/", 1)[1] if "/" in repo else repo
+
+
+def commit_signer(sha: str) -> str | None:
+    try:
+        out = subprocess.run(
+            ["git", "log", "-1", "--format=%GK", sha],
+            check=True, capture_output=True, text=True,
+        ).stdout.strip()
+        return out or None
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
+        return None
+
+
+def is_krystie_commit(sha: str) -> bool:
+    fp = commit_signer(sha)
+    if not fp:
+        return False
+    # Accept any key ID we know belongs to Krystie. `git log %GK` returns the
+    # signing subkey, so we have to whitelist both primary and subkey.
+    return any(fp == known or known.endswith(fp) for known in KRYSTIE_KEY_IDS)
+
+
+def commits_in_push() -> list[str]:
+    before = os.environ.get("GITHUB_BEFORE", "")
+    sha = os.environ.get("GITHUB_SHA", "")
+    if not sha:
+        return []
+    if not before or set(before) == {"0"}:
+        # New branch — only inspect the head commit (don't walk history)
+        return [sha]
+    # On force-push, `before` may have been orphaned and is unreachable in the
+    # checked-out repo. `git rev-list before..sha` then exits 128. Fall back
+    # to inspecting the new head only — that's the safest guarantee we can
+    # make about what just landed.
+    try:
+        out = subprocess.run(
+            ["git", "rev-list", f"{before}..{sha}"],
+            check=True, capture_output=True, text=True,
+        ).stdout
+        return [c for c in out.split() if c]
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
+        return [sha]
+
+
+def changed_files(sha: str) -> list[str]:
+    out = subprocess.run(
+        ["git", "diff-tree", "--no-commit-id", "--name-only", "-r", sha],
+        check=True, capture_output=True, text=True,
+    ).stdout
+    return [f for f in out.split("\n") if f]
+
+
+def commit_diff_text(sha: str, paths: list[str]) -> str:
+    if not paths:
+        return ""
+    out = subprocess.run(
+        ["git", "show", "--no-color", sha, "--"] + paths,
+        check=True, capture_output=True, text=True,
+    ).stdout
+    return out
+
+
+def red_list_check(repo: str, files: list[str]) -> GateResult:
+    if repo not in RED_LIST_REPOS:
+        return GateResult(True)
+    for f in files:
+        for pat in RED_LIST_TRIANGLES_V5:
+            if pat.match(f):
+                return GateResult(False, f"red-list violation: '{f}' is consensus/critical-path; needs Sami review (open red-list-labeled issue)")
+    return GateResult(True)
+
+
+def _is_test_path(f: str, test_dirs: list[str]) -> bool:
+    return any(f.startswith(d) for d in test_dirs) or "/test/" in f or "/tests/" in f or "/__tests__/" in f
+
+
+def test_first_check(repo: str, files: list[str]) -> GateResult:
+    src_exts = SOURCE_EXTS.get(repo, set())
+    test_dirs = TEST_DIRS.get(repo, [])
+    if not src_exts or not test_dirs:
+        return GateResult(True)
+    src_changed = any(any(f.endswith(e) for e in src_exts) and not _is_test_path(f, test_dirs) for f in files)
+    test_changed = any(_is_test_path(f, test_dirs) for f in files)
+    if src_changed and not test_changed:
+        return GateResult(False, f"test-first violation: source changed without paired test; expected test under {test_dirs}")
+    return GateResult(True)
+
+
+def no_clearnet_check(repo: str, sha: str, files: list[str]) -> GateResult:
+    if repo != "triangles_v5":
+        return GateResult(True)
+    peer_files = [f for f in files if any(p.match(f) for p in PEER_CONFIG_PATHS)]
+    if not peer_files:
+        return GateResult(True)
+    diff = commit_diff_text(sha, peer_files)
+    for line in diff.split("\n"):
+        if not line.startswith("+") or line.startswith("+++"):
+            continue
+        body = line[1:].strip()
+        if re.search(r"\b(addnode|seednode|connect)\s*=", body, re.IGNORECASE):
+            if ".onion" not in body.lower():
+                return GateResult(False, f"no-clearnet: added peer/seed without .onion: {body[:120]}")
+        if re.match(r"^\s*(\d{1,3}\.){3}\d{1,3}\b", body) or re.match(r"^\s*[0-9a-fA-F:]{4,}\b", body):
+            return GateResult(False, f"no-clearnet: clearnet address added: {body[:120]}")
+    return GateResult(True)
+
+
+def gate_commit(repo: str, sha: str) -> list[str]:
+    files = changed_files(sha)
+    failures = []
+    for check, args in [
+        (red_list_check,    (repo, files)),
+        (test_first_check,  (repo, files)),
+        (no_clearnet_check, (repo, sha, files)),
+    ]:
+        r = check(*args)
+        if not r.ok:
+            failures.append(f"commit {sha[:12]}: {r.reason}")
+    return failures
+
+
+def emit_output(name: str, value: str):
+    out_file = os.environ.get("GITHUB_OUTPUT", "")
+    if out_file:
+        with open(out_file, "a") as fh:
+            fh.write(f"{name}={value}\n")
+
+
+def main() -> int:
+    repo = repo_name()
+    if not repo:
+        print("ERROR: GITHUB_REPOSITORY not set", file=sys.stderr)
+        return 2
+
+    commits = commits_in_push()
+    if not commits:
+        print("No commits to inspect", file=sys.stdout)
+        emit_output("is_krystie_commit", "false")
+        return 0
+
+    krystie_count = 0
+    all_failures: list[str] = []
+    for sha in commits:
+        if not is_krystie_commit(sha):
+            print(f"  {sha[:12]}: not Krystie-signed (allow)")
+            continue
+        krystie_count += 1
+        print(f"  {sha[:12]}: Krystie-signed; running gate")
+        failures = gate_commit(repo, sha)
+        all_failures.extend(failures)
+
+    emit_output("is_krystie_commit", "true" if krystie_count > 0 else "false")
+
+    if all_failures:
+        print(f"\n[KRYSTIE GATE] REJECTED on {repo}:", file=sys.stderr)
+        for f in all_failures:
+            print(f"  - {f}", file=sys.stderr)
+        return 1
+    print(f"[KRYSTIE GATE] PASS on {repo} ({krystie_count} Krystie commit(s) inspected, {len(commits) - krystie_count} non-Krystie)")
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(main())

.gitea/workflows/krystie-gate.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+name: Krystie Gate
+
+# Runs on every push to krystie-wip/* branches.
+# Static checks first (cheap), then build + tests.
+# If everything green AND the commit is Krystie's, fast-forwards master.
+# Sami's pushes (admin) bypass this entire flow — he goes direct to master.
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - 'krystie-wip/**'
+
+jobs:
+  static-gate:
+    name: "Static gate (red-list / test-first / no-clearnet)"
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      is_krystie_commit: ${{ steps.gate.outputs.is_krystie_commit }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - name: Set up Python
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        with:
+          python-version: '3.12'
+      - name: Import Krystie public key (for verification)
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p ~/.gnupg && chmod 700 ~/.gnupg
+          if [ -f .gitea/krystie-release.pub.asc ]; then
+            gpg --import .gitea/krystie-release.pub.asc
+            # Mark the key as ultimately trusted so `git log %GK` will consider
+            # signatures valid. Without this, %GK returns empty and the gate
+            # treats Krystie's commits as unsigned, defeating the whole point.
+            FP=$(gpg --list-keys --with-colons | awk -F: '/^fpr:/ {print $10; exit}')
+            echo "${FP}:6:" | gpg --import-ownertrust
+            echo "Imported and trusted Krystie public key: ${FP}"
+            # Configure git to call gpg for verification (it does by default,
+            # but explicit doesn't hurt) and not to require signed-by-default.
+            git config --global gpg.program gpg
+          else
+            echo "WARN: .gitea/krystie-release.pub.asc not found — gate will treat all commits as non-Krystie (i.e. allow)"
+          fi
+      - name: Run gate
+        id: gate
+        env:
+          GITHUB_REF: ${{ github.ref }}
+          GITHUB_SHA: ${{ github.sha }}
+          GITHUB_BEFORE: ${{ github.event.before }}
+        run: |
+          python3 .gitea/krystie_gate.py
+
+  build-and-test:
+    name: "Build + ctest"
+    needs: static-gate
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    if: ${{ needs.static-gate.result == 'success' }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - name: Install build deps
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+            build-essential cmake ninja-build pkg-config \
+            libssl-dev libboost-all-dev libdb++-dev libleveldb-dev \
+            librocksdb-dev libevent-dev libsodium-dev \
+            libsecp256k1-dev || true
+          # Some packages may not be available; the C++20 / RocksDB modernization
+          # is in flight, so missing deps are tolerable for v1 of the gate.
+      - name: Configure (daemon-only, no Qt)
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p build && cd build
+          cmake .. -G Ninja \
+            -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
+            -DBUILD_QT=OFF \
+            -DBUILD_TESTS=ON \
+            -DBUILD_ROCKSDB=OFF \
+            || (echo "::warning::CMake configure failed — likely WIP modernization. Allowing build skip for v1." && exit 0)
+      - name: Build
+        run: |
+          if [ -f build/build.ninja ]; then
+            cd build && ninja -j$(nproc) 2>&1 | tail -100 || (echo "::warning::Build failed — flagging for Sami review" && exit 1)
+          else
+            echo "::warning::No build.ninja produced; skipping for v1"
+          fi
+      - name: ctest
+        run: |
+          if [ -f build/CTestTestfile.cmake ]; then
+            cd build && ctest --output-on-failure -j$(nproc) || exit 1
+          else
+            echo "::warning::No ctest produced; skipping for v1 — Krystie should add tests in src/test/"
+          fi
+
+  auto-merge:
+    name: "Auto-merge to master"
+    needs: [static-gate, build-and-test]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    if: ${{ needs.static-gate.result == 'success' && needs.build-and-test.result == 'success' }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          token: ${{ secrets.KRYSTIE_GITEA_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Fast-forward master to this branch
+        env:
+          GITEA_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.KRYSTIE_GITEA_TOKEN }}
+          BRANCH: ${{ github.ref_name }}
+          SHA: ${{ github.sha }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          # The wip branch is master + N Krystie commits. A plain push with
+          # the wip sha onto refs/heads/master succeeds iff the update is a
+          # fast-forward — which is exactly the safety we want. (Earlier
+          # versions called PATCH /branches/master which is Gitea's branch-
+          # rename endpoint, not a ref-update endpoint, and always failed.)
+          REPO="${GITHUB_REPOSITORY}"  # owner/name
+          GIT_URL="http://localhost:3030/${REPO}.git"
+          git -c "http.extraHeader=Authorization: token ${GITEA_TOKEN}" \
+              push "${GIT_URL}" "${SHA}:refs/heads/master" \
+            && echo "Master fast-forwarded to ${SHA:0:12}" \
+            || (echo "::error::Fast-forward push refused — master has likely diverged" && exit 1)
+          # Clean up the wip branch via the same push channel (delete = empty source).
+          git -c "http.extraHeader=Authorization: token ${GITEA_TOKEN}" \
+              push "${GIT_URL}" ":refs/heads/${BRANCH}" \
+            && echo "Cleaned up wip branch ${BRANCH}" \
+            || echo "::warning::Could not delete wip branch (it'll get pruned later)"

.github/workflows/build-all.yml

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ name: Build All Platforms
 
 on:
   push:
-    branches: [master]
+    branches: [master, cpp20-modernization]
     tags: ['v*']
   pull_request:
     branches: [master]
@@ -14,13 +14,15 @@ jobs:
     continue-on-error: true
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
 
       - name: Install dependencies
         run: |
           sudo apt-get update
           sudo apt-get install -y build-essential cmake ninja-build \
             libboost-all-dev libssl-dev libdb++-dev libleveldb-dev \
-            libevent-dev libminiupnpc-dev zlib1g-dev
+            librocksdb-dev libevent-dev libminiupnpc-dev zlib1g-dev
 
       - name: Configure
         run: |
@@ -37,6 +39,52 @@ jobs:
       - name: Run unit tests
         run: cd build && ctest --output-on-failure || true
 
+  test-linux-sanitizers:
+    # ASan + UBSan build of the daemon + unit tests. Allowed to fail until
+    # findings are triaged — see .github/workflows/lint.yml comment block.
+    # Once the test suite is clean under sanitizers, drop continue-on-error.
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    continue-on-error: true
+    env:
+      # ASan: leak detection off by default (BDB and OpenSSL produce noise on shutdown).
+      # Re-enable once we've quieted the legitimate suspects.
+      ASAN_OPTIONS: "detect_leaks=0:halt_on_error=1:abort_on_error=1:print_stacktrace=1:strict_string_checks=1:detect_stack_use_after_return=1"
+      # UBSan: print full stack traces on first error and exit non-zero.
+      UBSAN_OPTIONS: "halt_on_error=1:abort_on_error=1:print_stacktrace=1"
+      # Suppress UB categories that are pervasive in the Hash9 C cascade
+      # and BDB until they're fixed file-by-file.
+      SAN_FLAGS: "-fsanitize=address,undefined -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-sanitize-recover=undefined -fno-sanitize=alignment,signed-integer-overflow,vptr"
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y build-essential cmake ninja-build \
+            libboost-all-dev libssl-dev libdb++-dev libleveldb-dev \
+            librocksdb-dev libevent-dev libminiupnpc-dev zlib1g-dev
+
+      - name: Configure with sanitizers
+        run: |
+          cmake -B build-san -G Ninja \
+            -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug \
+            -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS="$SAN_FLAGS" \
+            -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="$SAN_FLAGS" \
+            -DCMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS="$SAN_FLAGS" \
+            -DCMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS="$SAN_FLAGS" \
+            -DBUILD_QT=OFF \
+            -DBUILD_DAEMON=ON \
+            -DBUILD_TESTS=ON \
+            -DUSE_UPNP=OFF
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: cmake --build build-san -j$(nproc)
+
+      - name: Run unit tests under sanitizers
+        run: cd build-san && ctest --output-on-failure
+
   build-windows-qt:
     runs-on: windows-latest
     defaults:
@@ -44,6 +92,8 @@ jobs:
         shell: msys2 {0}
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
 
       - uses: msys2/setup-msys2@v2
         with:
@@ -61,6 +111,7 @@ jobs:
             mingw-w64-x86_64-libevent
             mingw-w64-x86_64-miniupnpc
             mingw-w64-x86_64-zlib
+            mingw-w64-x86_64-rocksdb
 
       - name: Set VERSION
         run: |
@@ -194,6 +245,8 @@ jobs:
         shell: msys2 {0}
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
 
       - uses: msys2/setup-msys2@v2
         with:
@@ -209,6 +262,7 @@ jobs:
             mingw-w64-x86_64-libevent
             mingw-w64-x86_64-miniupnpc
             mingw-w64-x86_64-zlib
+            mingw-w64-x86_64-rocksdb
 
       - name: Configure
         run: |
@@ -256,6 +310,8 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
 
       - name: Set VERSION
         run: |
@@ -274,7 +330,7 @@ jobs:
           sudo apt-get install -y build-essential cmake ninja-build \
             qtbase5-dev qttools5-dev-tools \
             libboost-all-dev libssl-dev libdb++-dev \
-            libleveldb-dev libevent-dev libminiupnpc-dev zlib1g-dev
+            libleveldb-dev librocksdb-dev libevent-dev libminiupnpc-dev zlib1g-dev
 
       - name: Configure
         run: |
@@ -373,6 +429,8 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
 
       - name: Set VERSION
         run: |
@@ -390,7 +448,7 @@ jobs:
           sudo apt-get update
           sudo apt-get install -y build-essential cmake ninja-build \
             libboost-all-dev libssl-dev libdb++-dev libleveldb-dev \
-            libevent-dev libminiupnpc-dev zlib1g-dev
+            librocksdb-dev libevent-dev libminiupnpc-dev zlib1g-dev
 
       - name: Configure
         run: |
@@ -503,6 +561,8 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: macos-15
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
 
       - name: Set VERSION
         run: |
@@ -517,7 +577,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Install dependencies
         run: |
-          brew install cmake ninja qt@5 openssl@3 boost berkeley-db@5 leveldb libevent miniupnpc
+          brew install cmake ninja qt@5 openssl@3 boost berkeley-db@5 leveldb rocksdb libevent miniupnpc
 
       - name: Configure
         run: |

.github/workflows/lint.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+name: Lint
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [master]
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+# Diff-only enforcement: clang-format and clang-tidy run only on lines changed
+# in the PR. Existing files keep their current style until they're edited.
+# See .clang-format and .clang-tidy for the rule sets.
+
+jobs:
+  clang-format-diff:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          # Need merge-base with target branch to compute the diff.
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Install clang-format
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y clang-format-15
+          sudo ln -sf /usr/bin/clang-format-15 /usr/local/bin/clang-format
+
+      - name: Check format on changed lines
+        run: |
+          BASE_SHA=$(git merge-base origin/${{ github.base_ref }} HEAD)
+          echo "Comparing against merge-base: $BASE_SHA"
+
+          # git-clang-format prints a diff if any changed line violates style.
+          # --diff exits non-zero when reformatting would change something.
+          OUTPUT=$(git clang-format --diff "$BASE_SHA" -- '*.cpp' '*.h' '*.hpp' '*.cc' || true)
+
+          if [ -z "$OUTPUT" ] || [ "$OUTPUT" = "no modified files to format" ] || [ "$OUTPUT" = "clang-format did not modify any files" ]; then
+            echo "clang-format: clean"
+            exit 0
+          fi
+
+          echo "::error::clang-format wants to change the following on lines you touched."
+          echo "Run \`git clang-format $BASE_SHA\` locally and commit the result."
+          echo "$OUTPUT"
+          exit 1
+
+  clang-tidy-diff:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Install dependencies + clang-tidy
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y build-essential cmake ninja-build clang-tidy-15 \
+            libboost-all-dev libssl-dev libdb++-dev libleveldb-dev \
+            librocksdb-dev libevent-dev libminiupnpc-dev zlib1g-dev
+          sudo ln -sf /usr/bin/clang-tidy-15 /usr/local/bin/clang-tidy
+
+      - name: Configure (export compile_commands.json)
+        run: |
+          cmake -B build -G Ninja \
+            -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug \
+            -DCMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS=ON \
+            -DBUILD_QT=OFF \
+            -DBUILD_DAEMON=ON \
+            -DBUILD_TESTS=ON \
+            -DUSE_UPNP=OFF
+
+      - name: Generate build artifacts that headers depend on
+        # build.h, qt UI headers, etc. — clang-tidy needs them to parse sources.
+        run: cmake --build build --target generate_build_info
+
+      - name: Run clang-tidy on changed lines
+        run: |
+          BASE_SHA=$(git merge-base origin/${{ github.base_ref }} HEAD)
+          echo "Comparing against merge-base: $BASE_SHA"
+
+          # clang-tidy-diff.py ships with clang-tidy; runs tidy only on changed lines.
+          DIFF_SCRIPT=$(dpkg -L clang-tidy-15 | grep clang-tidy-diff.py | head -1)
+          if [ -z "$DIFF_SCRIPT" ]; then
+            DIFF_SCRIPT=/usr/share/clang/clang-tidy-diff.py
+          fi
+          echo "Using: $DIFF_SCRIPT"
+
+          # -p1 strips the leading "a/"/"b/" from git diff paths.
+          # -path=build points clang-tidy at compile_commands.json.
+          # -iregex restricts to project sources (not vendored).
+          git diff -U0 "$BASE_SHA" -- 'src/*.cpp' 'src/*.h' \
+            ':(exclude)src/json/nlohmann_json.hpp' \
+            ':(exclude)src/leveldb/*' \
+            ':(exclude)src/lz4/*' \
+            ':(exclude)src/tor/tor-src/*' \
+            | python3 "$DIFF_SCRIPT" -p1 -path build \
+                -iregex '.*\.(cpp|cc|h|hpp)$' \
+                -j$(nproc) || EXIT=$?
+
+          # Warn-only initially. Flip this to `exit ${EXIT:-0}` once we're clean.
+          exit 0

.gitignore

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+# Per-user Claude Code settings (machine-specific paths/permissions)
+.claude/
+
 # Build artifacts
 *.o
 *.exe
@@ -68,3 +71,10 @@ triangles.conf
 *.o
 src/trianglesd
 src/obj/
+build-bench/
+build-cmake/
+build-cmake-test/
+build-latest/
+build-rocks-probe/
+build-rocksdb/
+bench-results.csv

.gitmodules

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
 [submodule "src/tor/tor-src"]
 	path = src/tor/tor-src
 	url = https://gitlab.torproject.org/tpo/core/tor.git
+[submodule "src/secp256k1"]
+	path = src/secp256k1
+	url = https://github.com/bitcoin-core/secp256k1

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -6,13 +6,15 @@ if(POLICY CMP0167)
 endif()
 
 project(Triangles
-    VERSION 5.9.5
+    VERSION 6.0.0
     DESCRIPTION "Cryptographic Triangles Wallet"
     LANGUAGES C CXX
 )
 
 # ── C++ Standard ──
-set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
+# C++20 required: RocksDB headers in MSYS2/Homebrew (8.x+) use `using enum`
+# and defaulted operator== on user-defined types, both C++20-only.
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20)
 set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
 set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS OFF)
 set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD 11)
@@ -52,7 +54,6 @@ option(USE_QRCODE         "Enable QR code generation via libqrencode"        OFF
 option(USE_DBUS           "Enable D-Bus notifications (Linux only)"          ON)
 option(USE_ZMQ            "Enable ZMQ publisher support"                     OFF)
 option(USE_TOR_EMBEDDED   "Enable embedded Tor library linking"              OFF)
-option(BUILD_ROCKSDB      "Build with RocksDB chain database backend"        OFF)
 option(USE_O3             "Use -O3 optimization instead of -O2"              OFF)
 option(ENABLE_PIE         "Build position-independent executables"           OFF)
 option(ENABLE_STATIC      "Prefer static linking (Linux release builds)"     OFF)
@@ -72,7 +73,7 @@ include(AddCompilerFlags)
 # ── Find required dependencies ──
 find_package(OpenSSL REQUIRED)
 find_package(Boost 1.71 REQUIRED COMPONENTS
-    filesystem program_options thread chrono
+    program_options thread chrono
 )
 if(BUILD_TESTS)
     find_package(Boost REQUIRED COMPONENTS unit_test_framework)
@@ -96,17 +97,65 @@ if(USE_ZMQ)
     pkg_check_modules(ZMQ REQUIRED IMPORTED_TARGET libzmq)
 endif()
 
-if(BUILD_ROCKSDB)
-    # RocksDB ships a CMake config package on most distros (rocksdbConfig.cmake).
-    # On MSYS2/Homebrew/vcpkg the imported target is RocksDB::rocksdb.
-    find_package(RocksDB CONFIG)
-    if(NOT RocksDB_FOUND)
-        # Fall back to pkg-config for systems without the CMake config (older
-        # Linux distros). Builds an IMPORTED target named PkgConfig::RocksDB.
-        find_package(PkgConfig REQUIRED)
-        pkg_check_modules(RocksDB REQUIRED IMPORTED_TARGET rocksdb)
+# RocksDB is now a hard dependency: backs both the chain database and the
+# secure-messaging store (smessage). Probe in order:
+#   1. CMake config package (MSYS2, Homebrew, vcpkg, recent Linux)
+#   2. pkg-config (some Linux distros, no .cmake files)
+#   3. Manual find_path/find_library (Ubuntu 22.04's librocksdb-dev ships
+#      neither a CMake config nor a .pc file)
+# In all paths, a target named RocksDB::rocksdb is exposed for consumers.
+find_package(RocksDB CONFIG QUIET)
+if(NOT RocksDB_FOUND)
+    find_package(PkgConfig QUIET)
+    if(PkgConfig_FOUND)
+        pkg_check_modules(RocksDB IMPORTED_TARGET QUIET rocksdb)
     endif()
 endif()
+if(NOT TARGET RocksDB::rocksdb AND NOT TARGET PkgConfig::RocksDB)
+    find_path(ROCKSDB_INCLUDE_DIR
+        NAMES rocksdb/db.h
+        PATHS /usr/include /usr/local/include
+    )
+    find_library(ROCKSDB_LIBRARY
+        NAMES rocksdb
+        PATHS /usr/lib /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu /usr/local/lib
+    )
+    if(NOT ROCKSDB_INCLUDE_DIR OR NOT ROCKSDB_LIBRARY)
+        message(FATAL_ERROR
+            "RocksDB not found. Install librocksdb-dev (Ubuntu/Debian), "
+            "rocksdb (Homebrew), or mingw-w64-x86_64-rocksdb (MSYS2).")
+    endif()
+    add_library(RocksDB::rocksdb UNKNOWN IMPORTED)
+    set_target_properties(RocksDB::rocksdb PROPERTIES
+        IMPORTED_LOCATION "${ROCKSDB_LIBRARY}"
+        INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${ROCKSDB_INCLUDE_DIR}"
+    )
+    message(STATUS "Found RocksDB (manual probe): ${ROCKSDB_LIBRARY}")
+endif()
+
+# libsecp256k1 — vendored as a git submodule under src/secp256k1. Provides
+# ECDSA signing/verification, pubkey recovery (via the recovery module), and
+# ECDH for secure messaging. Configure the submodule's build for our needs:
+# only ECDH + recovery, none of the test/benchmark/extra-module bloat, and
+# don't install (we link statically against the in-tree target).
+if(NOT EXISTS "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/src/secp256k1/CMakeLists.txt")
+    message(FATAL_ERROR
+        "src/secp256k1 is empty. Run: git submodule update --init --recursive")
+endif()
+set(SECP256K1_DISABLE_SHARED            ON  CACHE INTERNAL "")
+set(SECP256K1_INSTALL                   OFF CACHE INTERNAL "")
+set(SECP256K1_BUILD_BENCHMARK           OFF CACHE INTERNAL "")
+set(SECP256K1_BUILD_TESTS               OFF CACHE INTERNAL "")
+set(SECP256K1_BUILD_EXHAUSTIVE_TESTS    OFF CACHE INTERNAL "")
+set(SECP256K1_BUILD_CTIME_TESTS         OFF CACHE INTERNAL "")
+set(SECP256K1_BUILD_EXAMPLES            OFF CACHE INTERNAL "")
+set(SECP256K1_ENABLE_MODULE_ECDH        ON  CACHE INTERNAL "")
+set(SECP256K1_ENABLE_MODULE_RECOVERY    ON  CACHE INTERNAL "")
+set(SECP256K1_ENABLE_MODULE_EXTRAKEYS   OFF CACHE INTERNAL "")
+set(SECP256K1_ENABLE_MODULE_SCHNORRSIG  OFF CACHE INTERNAL "")
+set(SECP256K1_ENABLE_MODULE_MUSIG       OFF CACHE INTERNAL "")
+set(SECP256K1_ENABLE_MODULE_ELLSWIFT    OFF CACHE INTERNAL "")
+add_subdirectory(src/secp256k1 EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL)
 
 if(BUILD_QT)
     find_package(Qt5 5.9 REQUIRED COMPONENTS Core Gui Widgets)
@@ -143,7 +192,6 @@ message(STATUS "  QR code:            ${USE_QRCODE}")
 message(STATUS "  D-Bus:              ${USE_DBUS}")
 message(STATUS "  ZMQ:                ${USE_ZMQ}")
 message(STATUS "  Embedded Tor:       ${USE_TOR_EMBEDDED}")
-message(STATUS "  RocksDB backend:    ${BUILD_ROCKSDB}")
 message(STATUS "  Static linking:     ${ENABLE_STATIC}")
 message(STATUS "  ccache:             ${CCACHE_PROGRAM}")
 message(STATUS "  Unity build:        ${ENABLE_UNITY_BUILD}")

V6_TASKS.md

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+# TRI v6 Development Task Queue
+
+*Autonomous development pipeline — Krystie cycles through these continuously.*
+
+## Legend
+- **P0** = Critical (chain broken / users blocked)
+- **P1** = Important (v6 milestone)
+- **P2** = Nice-to-have (polish / optimization)
+- **Status**: TODO | IN-PROGRESS | DONE | BLOCKED
+
+---
+
+## P0 — Immediate (Unblock Chain & Users)
+
+### T001: Fix DNS2 RPC thread crash
+- **Status**: TODO
+- **Depends**: none
+- **Description**: ThreadRPCServer exits on bad auth attempts from external IPs. Need to not kill the RPC thread on individual auth failures.
+- **Files**: `src/rpc.cpp` or `src/bitcoinrpc.cpp`
+- **Acceptance**: RPC stays up even with bad auth attempts; curl JSON-RPC works reliably
+- **Model**: Claude Code or MiniMax M2.7
+
+### T002: Fix DNS2 wallet 0 confirmed balance
+- **Status**: TODO
+- **Depends**: T001 (need reliable RPC)
+- **Description**: Wallet restored from April 20 backup. Shows 11.24 TRI unconfirmed. Need to verify rescan completes and coins mature (520 confirmations) for staking.
+- **Files**: wallet.dat, `src/wallet.cpp`
+- **Acceptance**: Wallet shows confirmed balance after rescan + confirmations
+- **Model**: Krystie (manual investigation, not subagent)
+
+### T003: Fix seeds.txt parsing (only returns 1 address)
+- **Status**: TODO
+- **Depends**: none
+- **Description**: HTTPS fetch of seeds.cryptographic-triangles.org/seeds.txt only returns 1 address. Possible comment parsing bug in net.cpp seed fetch logic.
+- **Files**: `src/net.cpp`, `/var/www/seeds/seeds.txt`
+- **Acceptance**: All 7 onion addresses returned on fetch
+- **Model**: ZAI GLM-5.1
+
+### T004: Fix Sami's PC wallet block 570 stall
+- **Status**: IN-PROGRESS
+- **Depends**: Windows binary build (DONE — built on sami-pc)
+- **Description**: Windows Qt wallet stuck at block 570. GUI bootstrap fix committed (d0fb2dc). New binary built at E:\repos\triangles_v5\build-mingw\bin\triangles-qt.exe. Needs testing.
+- **Acceptance**: Windows wallet syncs past block 570 with bootstrap
+- **Model**: Krystie (manual deployment)
+
+---
+
+## P1 — v6 Core Milestones
+
+### T010: Complete RocksDB runtime testing
+- **Status**: TODO
+- **Depends**: T001
+- **Description**: RocksDB backend compiles clean but never tested with actual blockchain data. Need to: start daemon with `-rocksdb`, let it index chain, verify block lookups work, compare performance vs LevelDB.
+- **Files**: `src/txdb.h`, `src/txdb.cpp`, `src/utxosnapshot.cpp`
+- **Acceptance**: Daemon runs with `-rocksdb` flag, processes blocks, RPC queries return correct data
+- **Model**: MiniMax M2.7
+
+### T011: Wire UTXO snapshot P2P distribution (SnapshotNet)
+- **Status**: TODO
+- **Depends**: T010
+- **Description**: `snapshotnet.cpp` exists but is placeholder. Need to implement: peer advertisement of snapshot availability, chunk transfer protocol, hash verification, integration with bootstrap flow.
+- **Files**: `src/snapshotnet.cpp`, `src/net.cpp`, `src/utxosnapshot.cpp`
+- **Acceptance**: New node can get UTXO snapshot from peers via P2P (not just HTTPS)
+- **Model**: Claude Code + MiniMax M2.7 (architecture + implementation)
+
+### T012: Implement automated checkpoint generation (DESIGN DONE)
+- **Status**: TODO
+- **Depends**: none
+- **Description**: Checkpoints exist through block 2,207,000 but are manually maintained. Need automated checkpoint generation: every N blocks, compute checkpoint hash, push to code or external manifest.
+- **Files**: `src/checkpoints.cpp`, `src/checkpoints.h`
+- **Acceptance**: New checkpoints generated automatically, committed or published
+- **Model**: Claude Code
+
+### T013: GPG signing for bootstrap artifacts
+- **Status**: TODO
+- **Depends**: none
+- **Description**: GPG key created (6913E13610F698183429CE20C2DC60618C85A159). Need to: sign every bootstrap/snapshot artifact on generation, verify signature on download, publish public key.
+- **Files**: `/usr/local/bin/auto-update.sh`, `src/bootstrap.cpp`
+- **Acceptance**: `gpg --verify` works on downloaded artifacts
+- **Model**: ZAI GLM-5.1
+
+### T014: Contabo seed Docker image hardening
+- **Status**: TODO
+- **Depends**: none
+- **Description**: Seeds are running but image is fragile. Need: proper Dockerfile with version pinning, health checks, auto-restart, log shipping, and persistent volumes.
+- **Files**: `/tmp/Dockerfile` on Contabo, `/tri/seed-{1..4}/`
+- **Acceptance**: Seeds survive host reboot, auto-restart on crash, health check endpoint
+- **Model**: ZAI GLM-5.1
+
+### T015: Network health dashboard
+- **Status**: TODO
+- **Depends**: T001, T003
+- **Description**: Operator-facing dashboard showing: block height per node, peer count, staking weight, chain sync status, seed health. Could be a simple web page served from DNS2.
+- **Files**: New — `src/rpcblockchain.cpp` (health endpoint), frontend
+- **Acceptance**: Live page showing all 7 nodes' status updated every 30s
+- **Model**: MiniMax M2.7 (design) + Claude Code (implementation)
+
+### T016: Hetzner ARM64 persistent setup
+- **Status**: TODO
+- **Depends**: none
+- **Description**: Hetzner node is running but manually configured. Need: systemd service, auto-start on boot, bootstrap automation, monitoring.
+- **Files**: systemd unit file on Hetzner
+- **Acceptance**: Node survives reboot, auto-syncs, reports health
+- **Model**: Krystie (manual, it's infra not code)
+
+---
+
+## P2 — Polish & Optimization
+
+### T020: Remove unused Gemini/Google references from codebase
+- **Status**: TODO
+- **Depends**: none
+- **Description**: Clean up any dead code, unused imports, stale comments referencing old architectures.
+- **Model**: ZAI GLM-5.1
+
+### T021: Comprehensive test suite
+- **Status**: TODO
+- **Depends**: T010
+- **Description**: Expand test coverage for: UTXO snapshot load/dump, RocksDB backend, bootstrap download, seed fetch, checkpoint verification.
+- **Files**: `src/test/`
+- **Acceptance**: `test_triangles` passes with < 5 pre-existing failures
+- **Model**: ZAI GLM-5.1 + MiniMax M2.7
+
+### T022: CI/CD pipeline for releases
+- **Status**: TODO
+- **Depends**: none
+- **Description**: GitHub Actions workflow: on tag push, build Linux x86_64 + ARM64 + Windows, create release with all binaries + checksums.
+- **Files**: `.github/workflows/build-all.yml`
+- **Acceptance**: Tag push produces release with 3 platform binaries
+- **Model**: ZAI GLM-5.1
+
+### T023: TRIdock + tri-wallet-web consolidation
+- **Status**: TODO
+- **Depends**: none
+- **Description**: TRIdock and tri-wallet-web appear to be near-duplicates. Evaluate and either consolidate or clearly separate concerns.
+- **Model**: MiniMax M2.7 (analysis)
+
+---
+
+## Completed
+
+### ✅ Windows GUI bootstrap fix (d0fb2dc)
+- Removed `#ifndef QT_GUI` guard so auto-bootstrap runs in GUI wallet
+- Added `uiInterface.InitMessage()` for progress display
+
+### ✅ Windows native build on sami-pc
+- Built `triangles-qt.exe` (26MB) and `trianglesd.exe` via MSYS2/MinGW64
+- All dependencies found natively
+
+### ✅ RocksDB integration complete (ac9c6fb)
+- CActiveTxDB wrapper, dual-backend support, compiles clean
+
+### ✅ All nodes updated to v5.9.7.0
+- DNS2, DNS3, Hetzner, Contabo seeds all running latest
+
+### ✅ Bootstrap infrastructure live
+- HTTPS at bootstrap.cryptographic-triangles.org
+- Tor hidden service serving nginx on port 8085
+- Seeds.txt with 7 onion nodes

cmake/BuildLevelDB.cmake

@@ -9,6 +9,20 @@ if(NOT TARGET leveldb_lib)
     add_subdirectory("${LEVELDB_SOURCE_DIR}" "${LEVELDB_BINARY_DIR}")
 endif()
 
+# Pin bundled LevelDB to C++17. It only needs C++11 (declared via its own
+# target_compile_features) but inherits CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=20 from the
+# top-level project, where some of its atomic-enum syntax
+# (std::memory_order::memory_order_relaxed) becomes a hard error.
+foreach(_leveldb_target leveldb_lib leveldb_memenv)
+    if(TARGET ${_leveldb_target})
+        set_target_properties(${_leveldb_target} PROPERTIES
+            CXX_STANDARD 17
+            CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON
+            CXX_EXTENSIONS OFF
+        )
+    endif()
+endforeach()
+
 if(NOT TARGET build_leveldb)
     add_custom_target(build_leveldb DEPENDS leveldb_lib leveldb_memenv)
 endif()

contrib/bench/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+# Chain DB benchmark harness
+
+Measures `FastImportBlockFile()` speed under each chain-DB backend
+(LevelDB vs RocksDB) using a user-supplied `blk0001.dat` block stream.
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+- A `trianglesd` binary (RocksDB is now a hard build dep, both backends are
+  always available):
+  ```
+  cmake -B build -G Ninja \
+      -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
+      -DBUILD_QT=OFF \
+      -DBUILD_DAEMON=ON
+  cmake --build build
+  ```
+- An `blk0001.dat` file (old-style block stream). If you have a synced
+  node, copy `~/.triangles/blk0001.dat` (Linux) or `%APPDATA%\triangles\blk0001.dat` (Windows).
+- Free disk space: ~3× the size of `blk0001.dat` per backend run
+  (raw blocks + chain DB index + working space).
+
+## Usage
+
+```bash
+contrib/bench/bench-chaindb.sh \
+  --binary=$(pwd)/build/bin/trianglesd \
+  --bootstrap=/path/to/blk0001.dat
+```
+
+Runs each backend in turn, appends a CSV row to `./bench-results.csv`,
+and prints a summary to stdout. Default `--dbcache=2048` (MB).
+
+### Options
+
+| Flag | Default | Notes |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| `--binary=PATH` | (required) | Path to `trianglesd` |
+| `--bootstrap=PATH` | (required) | Path to `blk0001.dat` |
+| `--backends=LIST` | `leveldb,rocksdb` | Comma-separated subset |
+| `--workdir=DIR` | `/tmp/triangles-bench-XXXXXX` | Per-backend datadirs go here |
+| `--dbcache=MB` | `2048` | Chain DB cache size |
+| `--results-csv=FILE` | `./bench-results.csv` | Appended to |
+| `--keep-datadirs` | off | Preserve datadirs after run for inspection |
+| `--rpc-port=BASE` | `19112` | Each backend uses `BASE+offset` |
+
+## What it measures
+
+| Column | Source |
+| --- | --- |
+| `wall_ms` | The daemon's own log line: `FastImportBlockFile: indexed N blocks in Mms` |
+| `peak_rss_kb` | `ps -o rss=` sampled once per second |
+| `datadir_bytes` | `du -sb` of the working datadir (includes `blk0001.dat`) |
+| `blocks_indexed` | Parsed from the same log line |
+
+## What it does not measure
+
+- Network IBD (peer fetch, header sync) — this is pure DB ingest.
+- UTXO snapshot load — `LoadSnapshot` is currently rocksdb-guarded
+  (see `src/utxosnapshot.cpp`); will be unblocked when LevelDB is retired.
+- Reorg cost — separate test, not yet implemented.
+- Disk I/O bytes (read/written) — could be added with `iostat` integration.
+
+## Interpreting results
+
+A meaningful comparison requires both rows to have run on the same machine
+with the same `blk0001.dat`. The `host` column makes mixing runs across
+machines visible in the CSV.
+
+Backend-relevant size comparisons should subtract `bootstrap_size_bytes`
+from `datadir_bytes` to isolate the chain DB tree.
+
+## One-liners
+
+```bash
+# LevelDB only
+./bench-chaindb.sh --binary=... --bootstrap=... --backends=leveldb
+
+# Compare 2GB vs 4GB cache on RocksDB
+./bench-chaindb.sh --binary=... --bootstrap=... --backends=rocksdb --dbcache=2048
+./bench-chaindb.sh --binary=... --bootstrap=... --backends=rocksdb --dbcache=4096
+
+# Keep the datadirs for poking around afterwards
+./bench-chaindb.sh --binary=... --bootstrap=... --keep-datadirs
+```

contrib/bench/bench-chaindb.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Benchmark FastImportBlockFile() speed across chain-DB backends.
+#
+# Reads a user-supplied blk0001.dat (old-style block stream) and times the
+# full block-index rebuild under each backend. Output: a CSV row per backend
+# with wall time, peak RSS, and resulting datadir size on disk.
+#
+# Usage:
+#   ./bench-chaindb.sh \
+#     --binary=/path/to/trianglesd \
+#     --bootstrap=/path/to/blk0001.dat \
+#     [--backends=leveldb,rocksdb]       default: both
+#     [--workdir=/tmp/triangles-bench]   parent dir for per-backend datadirs
+#     [--dbcache=2048]                   in MB
+#     [--results-csv=./bench-results.csv]
+#     [--keep-datadirs]                  preserve datadirs after run
+#     [--rpc-port=BASE]                  default 19112; each run uses BASE+offset
+#
+# Notes:
+#   - RocksDB is a hard build dep, so any current trianglesd has both backends.
+#   - This script does not assume Tor is configured. It launches with -nolisten
+#     and -connect=0 to keep the run network-isolated.
+#   - Wall time comes from the daemon's own perf log line:
+#         "FastImportBlockFile: indexed N blocks in Mms"
+#   - Peak RSS is sampled via `ps -o rss=` once a second.
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+# ── Defaults ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+BINARY=""
+BOOTSTRAP=""
+BACKENDS="leveldb,rocksdb"
+WORKDIR=""
+DBCACHE=2048
+RESULTS_CSV="./bench-results.csv"
+KEEP=0
+RPC_BASE=19112
+
+# ── Arg parsing ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+for arg in "$@"; do
+    case "$arg" in
+        --binary=*)         BINARY="${arg#*=}" ;;
+        --bootstrap=*)      BOOTSTRAP="${arg#*=}" ;;
+        --backends=*)       BACKENDS="${arg#*=}" ;;
+        --workdir=*)        WORKDIR="${arg#*=}" ;;
+        --dbcache=*)        DBCACHE="${arg#*=}" ;;
+        --results-csv=*)    RESULTS_CSV="${arg#*=}" ;;
+        --keep-datadirs)    KEEP=1 ;;
+        --rpc-port=*)       RPC_BASE="${arg#*=}" ;;
+        -h|--help)
+            sed -n '2,28p' "$0" | sed 's/^# \?//'
+            exit 0 ;;
+        *)
+            echo "Unknown argument: $arg" >&2
+            exit 2 ;;
+    esac
+done
+
+[ -n "$BINARY" ]    || { echo "--binary is required" >&2; exit 2; }
+[ -n "$BOOTSTRAP" ] || { echo "--bootstrap is required" >&2; exit 2; }
+[ -x "$BINARY" ]    || { echo "Binary not executable: $BINARY" >&2; exit 2; }
+[ -f "$BOOTSTRAP" ] || { echo "Bootstrap file not found: $BOOTSTRAP" >&2; exit 2; }
+
+if [ -z "$WORKDIR" ]; then
+    WORKDIR="$(mktemp -d -t triangles-bench-XXXXXX)"
+fi
+mkdir -p "$WORKDIR"
+echo "Workdir: $WORKDIR"
+
+# ── CSV header (only if file is new) ───────────────────────────────────────
+if [ ! -f "$RESULTS_CSV" ]; then
+    echo "timestamp,backend,bootstrap_size_bytes,dbcache_mb,blocks_indexed,wall_ms,peak_rss_kb,datadir_bytes,binary,host" > "$RESULTS_CSV"
+fi
+
+bootstrap_size="$(stat -c%s "$BOOTSTRAP" 2>/dev/null || stat -f%z "$BOOTSTRAP")"
+host="$(hostname)"
+ts_run="$(date -u +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ)"
+
+# ── Per-backend run ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+run_backend() {
+    local backend="$1"
+    local idx="$2"
+    local datadir="$WORKDIR/$backend"
+    local rpc_port=$((RPC_BASE + idx))
+    local rss_log="$WORKDIR/$backend.rss.log"
+
+    echo
+    echo "════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════"
+    echo "  Backend: $backend  (datadir: $datadir, rpcport: $rpc_port)"
+    echo "════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════"
+
+    # Fresh datadir, copy bootstrap into place. FastImportBlockFile() picks
+    # this up automatically when the block index is empty.
+    rm -rf "$datadir"
+    mkdir -p "$datadir"
+    cp "$BOOTSTRAP" "$datadir/blk0001.dat"
+
+    # Minimal config — disable network so we measure only the import path.
+    cat > "$datadir/triangles.conf" <<EOF
+chaindb=$backend
+dbcache=$DBCACHE
+nolisten=1
+connect=0
+rpcuser=bench
+rpcpassword=bench
+rpcport=$rpc_port
+debug=1
+printtoconsole=0
+EOF
+
+    # Launch in background. -daemon would daemonize but we want to track the
+    # process tree; run in foreground and background it ourselves so we keep
+    # the PID for RSS sampling and clean shutdown.
+    local pid
+    "$BINARY" -datadir="$datadir" -conf="triangles.conf" >"$datadir/stdout.log" 2>&1 &
+    pid=$!
+    echo "Launched $backend (pid $pid)"
+
+    # RSS sampler: log peak every second to a file.
+    (
+        while kill -0 "$pid" 2>/dev/null; do
+            ps -o rss= -p "$pid" 2>/dev/null | tr -d ' ' >> "$rss_log" || true
+            sleep 1
+        done
+    ) &
+    local sampler_pid=$!
+
+    # Watch for "FastImportBlockFile: indexed N blocks in Mms" in the daemon's
+    # debug.log, which is the deterministic completion signal.
+    local debug_log="$datadir/debug.log"
+    local wait_start
+    wait_start="$(date +%s)"
+    local timeout_s=86400  # 24 hours hard cap
+    local indexed_line=""
+    while :; do
+        if [ -f "$debug_log" ]; then
+            indexed_line="$(grep -E "FastImportBlockFile: indexed [0-9]+ blocks in [0-9]+ms" "$debug_log" | tail -1 || true)"
+            if [ -n "$indexed_line" ]; then
+                break
+            fi
+        fi
+        if ! kill -0 "$pid" 2>/dev/null; then
+            echo "Daemon exited before completion line appeared. Check $datadir/stdout.log" >&2
+            kill "$sampler_pid" 2>/dev/null || true
+            return 1
+        fi
+        local elapsed=$(( $(date +%s) - wait_start ))
+        if [ "$elapsed" -gt "$timeout_s" ]; then
+            echo "Timeout after ${timeout_s}s without completion line" >&2
+            kill "$pid" 2>/dev/null || true
+            kill "$sampler_pid" 2>/dev/null || true
+            return 1
+        fi
+        sleep 5
+    done
+
+    echo "Completion: $indexed_line"
+
+    # Parse blocks_indexed and wall_ms from the line.
+    local blocks_indexed wall_ms
+    blocks_indexed="$(echo "$indexed_line" | sed -E 's/.*indexed ([0-9]+) blocks.*/\1/')"
+    wall_ms="$(echo "$indexed_line" | sed -E 's/.*in ([0-9]+)ms.*/\1/')"
+
+    # Stop daemon cleanly via RPC, fall back to SIGTERM.
+    "$BINARY" -datadir="$datadir" -conf="triangles.conf" stop >/dev/null 2>&1 || \
+        kill -TERM "$pid" 2>/dev/null || true
+
+    # Wait up to 60s for clean exit.
+    local stop_wait=0
+    while kill -0 "$pid" 2>/dev/null && [ "$stop_wait" -lt 60 ]; do
+        sleep 1
+        stop_wait=$((stop_wait + 1))
+    done
+    kill -KILL "$pid" 2>/dev/null || true
+    wait "$sampler_pid" 2>/dev/null || true
+
+    # Peak RSS: max of the sampler's recorded values.
+    local peak_rss_kb=0
+    if [ -f "$rss_log" ] && [ -s "$rss_log" ]; then
+        peak_rss_kb="$(sort -nr "$rss_log" | head -1)"
+    fi
+
+    # Datadir size — separate the chain DB from blk0001.dat (which is ~constant
+    # across backends). We report the total datadir size; the consumer can
+    # subtract bootstrap_size_bytes if they want chain-DB-only.
+    local datadir_bytes
+    datadir_bytes="$(du -sb "$datadir" 2>/dev/null | awk '{print $1}' || du -sk "$datadir" | awk '{print $1*1024}')"
+
+    # Append CSV row.
+    echo "$ts_run,$backend,$bootstrap_size,$DBCACHE,$blocks_indexed,$wall_ms,$peak_rss_kb,$datadir_bytes,$BINARY,$host" >> "$RESULTS_CSV"
+
+    # Stdout summary.
+    printf "  blocks indexed: %s\n" "$blocks_indexed"
+    printf "  wall time:      %s ms (%.1f min)\n" "$wall_ms" "$(awk "BEGIN{print $wall_ms/60000}")"
+    printf "  peak RSS:       %s KB (%.1f GB)\n" "$peak_rss_kb" "$(awk "BEGIN{print $peak_rss_kb/1024/1024}")"
+    printf "  datadir size:   %s bytes (%.1f GB)\n" "$datadir_bytes" "$(awk "BEGIN{print $datadir_bytes/1024/1024/1024}")"
+
+    # Cleanup unless --keep-datadirs.
+    if [ "$KEEP" -eq 0 ]; then
+        rm -rf "$datadir"
+    fi
+}
+
+# ── Main loop ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+idx=0
+IFS=',' read -r -a backends_arr <<< "$BACKENDS"
+for backend in "${backends_arr[@]}"; do
+    case "$backend" in
+        leveldb|rocksdb) ;;
+        *) echo "Unknown backend: $backend" >&2; exit 2 ;;
+    esac
+    run_backend "$backend" "$idx"
+    idx=$((idx + 1))
+done
+
+echo
+echo "Done. Results appended to $RESULTS_CSV"

docs/krystie-runner-log.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# Krystie runner log
+
+This file records autonomous-runner activity. Each entry is a doc-only
+edit produced by the demo worker; once OpenClaw is wired in this log
+will be replaced by real work.
+
+- [2026-04-29T06:57:30Z] triangles_v5#1 — Smoke-test the Krystie loop runner

scripts/ibd-smoke-test.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+# Fresh-datadir IBD smoke test for TRI.
+# Goal: detect the classic "starts from zero but stalls early / loops around 570"
+# failure mode, and verify that sync keeps making forward progress.
+#
+# Example:
+#   bash scripts/ibd-smoke-test.sh \
+#     --bin ./build/src/trianglesd \
+#     --bootstrap-url http://100.104.4.5:8085/triangles-bootstrap.tar.gz \
+#     --addnode 74.208.167.19 --addnode 194.233.88.206
+
+BIN="${BIN:-./build/src/trianglesd}"
+TIMEOUT_SECONDS="${TIMEOUT_SECONDS:-1800}"   # 30 minutes target window
+POLL_SECONDS="${POLL_SECONDS:-15}"
+STALL_WINDOW_SECONDS="${STALL_WINDOW_SECONDS:-180}"
+BOOTSTRAP_URL="${BOOTSTRAP_URL:-}"
+WORKDIR="${WORKDIR:-}"
+RPC_PORT="${RPC_PORT:-19192}"
+P2P_PORT="${P2P_PORT:-24193}"
+MIN_EXPECTED_HEIGHT="${MIN_EXPECTED_HEIGHT:-5000}"
+ALLOW_IBD="${ALLOW_IBD:-0}"
+WHITELIST="${WHITELIST:-127.0.0.1}"
+ADDNODES=()
+
+usage() {
+  cat <<EOF
+Usage: $0 [options]
+
+Options:
+  --bin PATH               trianglesd binary (default: $BIN)
+  --bootstrap-url URL      optional bootstrap tar.gz URL to preload
+  --workdir PATH           use an explicit temp workdir
+  --rpc-port N             RPC port for test node (default: $RPC_PORT)
+  --p2p-port N             P2P port for test node (default: $P2P_PORT)
+  --timeout N              total test timeout seconds (default: $TIMEOUT_SECONDS)
+  --poll N                 poll interval seconds (default: $POLL_SECONDS)
+  --stall-window N         no-progress failure window seconds (default: $STALL_WINDOW_SECONDS)
+  --min-height N           minimum expected height/progress floor (default: $MIN_EXPECTED_HEIGHT)
+  --allow-ibd              allow test to pass while still in IBD if progress is strong
+  --addnode HOST           trusted peer to add (repeatable)
+  -h, --help               show this help
+EOF
+}
+
+while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
+  case "$1" in
+    --bin) BIN="$2"; shift 2 ;;
+    --bootstrap-url) BOOTSTRAP_URL="$2"; shift 2 ;;
+    --workdir) WORKDIR="$2"; shift 2 ;;
+    --rpc-port) RPC_PORT="$2"; shift 2 ;;
+    --p2p-port) P2P_PORT="$2"; shift 2 ;;
+    --timeout) TIMEOUT_SECONDS="$2"; shift 2 ;;
+    --poll) POLL_SECONDS="$2"; shift 2 ;;
+    --stall-window) STALL_WINDOW_SECONDS="$2"; shift 2 ;;
+    --min-height) MIN_EXPECTED_HEIGHT="$2"; shift 2 ;;
+    --allow-ibd) ALLOW_IBD=1; shift ;;
+    --addnode) ADDNODES+=("$2"); shift 2 ;;
+    -h|--help) usage; exit 0 ;;
+    *) echo "unknown arg: $1" >&2; usage; exit 2 ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+if [[ ! -x "$BIN" ]]; then
+  echo "ERROR: trianglesd binary not executable: $BIN" >&2
+  exit 2
+fi
+
+if [[ -z "$WORKDIR" ]]; then
+  WORKDIR="$(mktemp -d /tmp/tri-ibd-smoke-XXXXXX)"
+fi
+DATADIR="$WORKDIR/datadir"
+mkdir -p "$DATADIR"
+
+RPCUSER="tri_test"
+RPCPASSWORD="tri_test_$(date +%s)_$RANDOM"
+CONF="$DATADIR/triangles.conf"
+cat > "$CONF" <<EOF
+server=1
+daemon=1
+staking=0
+listen=1
+discover=0
+upnp=0
+tor=0
+irc=0
+dnsseed=1
+checkpoints=1
+rpcuser=$RPCUSER
+rpcpassword=$RPCPASSWORD
+rpcport=$RPC_PORT
+port=$P2P_PORT
+maxconnections=32
+whitelist=$WHITELIST
+logtimestamps=1
+EOF
+
+for host in "${ADDNODES[@]}"; do
+  echo "addnode=$host" >> "$CONF"
+done
+
+cleanup() {
+  "$BIN" -datadir="$DATADIR" -conf="$CONF" stop >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+  sleep 2 || true
+  pkill -f "$DATADIR" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+}
+trap cleanup EXIT
+
+if [[ -n "$BOOTSTRAP_URL" ]]; then
+  echo "[ibd-test] downloading bootstrap: $BOOTSTRAP_URL"
+  curl -L --fail --max-time 1800 "$BOOTSTRAP_URL" -o "$WORKDIR/bootstrap.tar.gz"
+  tar xzf "$WORKDIR/bootstrap.tar.gz" -C "$DATADIR"
+  rm -f "$DATADIR/database/log."* "$DATADIR/txleveldb/LOCK" "$DATADIR/smsgDB/LOCK" 2>/dev/null || true
+fi
+
+echo "[ibd-test] starting node from datadir: $DATADIR"
+"$BIN" -daemon -datadir="$DATADIR" -conf="$CONF" >/dev/null
+sleep 6
+
+rpc() {
+  local method="$1"
+  local params="${2:-[]}"
+  curl -sS --fail --user "$RPCUSER:$RPCPASSWORD" \
+    --data-binary "{\"jsonrpc\":\"1.0\",\"id\":\"ibd\",\"method\":\"$method\",\"params\":$params}" \
+    -H 'content-type: text/plain;' "http://127.0.0.1:$RPC_PORT/"
+}
+
+extract_json() {
+  python3 -c 'import json,sys; obj=json.load(sys.stdin); print(obj["result"])'
+}
+
+extract_field() {
+  local field="$1"
+  python3 -c 'import json,sys; obj=json.load(sys.stdin); val=obj["result"].get(sys.argv[1]); print(val if val is not None else "")' "$field"
+}
+
+start_ts=$(date +%s)
+last_progress_ts=$start_ts
+last_height=-1
+samples=0
+same_570_loops=0
+best_height=0
+
+while true; do
+  now=$(date +%s)
+  elapsed=$((now - start_ts))
+  if (( elapsed > TIMEOUT_SECONDS )); then
+    echo "FAIL: timeout after ${elapsed}s"
+    break
+  fi
+
+  if info_json="$(rpc getblockchaininfo 2>/dev/null)"; then
+    height=$(printf '%s' "$info_json" | extract_field blocks)
+    ibd=$(printf '%s' "$info_json" | extract_field initialblockdownload)
+    headers=$(printf '%s' "$info_json" | extract_field headers)
+  else
+    height=""
+    ibd=""
+    headers=""
+  fi
+
+  peers=0
+  if peer_json="$(rpc getconnectioncount 2>/dev/null)"; then
+    peers=$(printf '%s' "$peer_json" | extract_json)
+  fi
+
+  if [[ -n "$height" && "$height" != "$last_height" ]]; then
+    last_progress_ts=$now
+    last_height="$height"
+    if (( height > best_height )); then
+      best_height=$height
+    fi
+  fi
+
+  log_file="$DATADIR/debug.log"
+  if [[ -f "$log_file" ]]; then
+    loop_hits=$(tail -n 400 "$log_file" | grep -c 'start=571' || true)
+    if (( loop_hits >= 3 )); then
+      same_570_loops=$loop_hits
+    fi
+  fi
+
+  echo "[ibd-test] t=${elapsed}s height=${height:-?} headers=${headers:-?} ibd=${ibd:-?} peers=$peers best=$best_height"
+
+  if [[ -n "$height" ]] && (( best_height >= MIN_EXPECTED_HEIGHT )) && [[ "$ibd" == "False" || "$ibd" == "false" ]]; then
+    echo "PASS: left IBD and reached height $best_height"
+    exit 0
+  fi
+
+  if [[ "$ALLOW_IBD" == "1" && -n "$height" ]] && (( best_height >= MIN_EXPECTED_HEIGHT )); then
+    echo "PASS: strong sync progress observed (height $best_height) even though IBD remains true"
+    exit 0
+  fi
+
+  if (( now - last_progress_ts > STALL_WINDOW_SECONDS )); then
+    echo "FAIL: no block-height progress for $((now - last_progress_ts))s"
+    if (( same_570_loops > 0 )); then
+      echo "HINT: detected repeated start=571 loop pattern ($same_570_loops hits in recent log tail)"
+    fi
+    echo "--- debug tail ---"
+    tail -n 120 "$log_file" 2>/dev/null || true
+    exit 1
+  fi
+
+  ((samples++)) || true
+  sleep "$POLL_SECONDS"
+done
+
+exit 1

src/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -38,13 +38,13 @@ target_include_directories(json_compat INTERFACE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/js
 #    EXCLUDES init.cpp, wallet.cpp (QT_GUI-conditional), noui.cpp (target-specific)
 # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
 set(CORE_SOURCES
-    alert.cpp
     addrman.cpp
     bootstrap.cpp
     checkpoints.cpp
     crypter.cpp
+    crypto_ecdh.cpp
+    crypto_ecdsa.cpp
     db.cpp
-    irc.cpp
     key.cpp
     keystore.cpp
     main.cpp
@@ -62,6 +62,8 @@ set(CORE_SOURCES
     pbkdf2.cpp
     scrypt.cpp
     smessage.cpp
+    syncmanager.cpp
+    chaindb_migrate.cpp
     tor_embed_hooks.cpp
     rest.cpp
     trianglesrpc.cpp
@@ -74,6 +76,7 @@ set(CORE_SOURCES
     rpcsmessage.cpp
     zmqpublishnotifier.cpp
     txdb-base.cpp
+    txdb-factory.cpp
     txdb-leveldb.cpp
     utxosnapshot.cpp
     snapshotnet.cpp
@@ -98,10 +101,9 @@ elseif(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR MATCHES "arm|ARM")
     list(APPEND CORE_SOURCES scrypt-arm.S)
 endif()
 
-# Optional: RocksDB chain database backend
-if(BUILD_ROCKSDB)
-    list(APPEND CORE_SOURCES txdb-rocksdb.cpp)
-endif()
+# RocksDB chain database backend (always built; see top-level CMakeLists.txt
+# for the rationale — RocksDB also backs the smessage store).
+list(APPEND CORE_SOURCES txdb-rocksdb.cpp)
 
 add_library(triangles_common OBJECT ${CORE_SOURCES})
 
@@ -120,7 +122,6 @@ target_link_libraries(triangles_common PUBLIC
     leveldb_bundled
     OpenSSL::SSL
     OpenSSL::Crypto
-    Boost::filesystem
     Boost::program_options
     Boost::thread
     Boost::chrono
@@ -150,14 +151,15 @@ if(USE_ZMQ)
     target_link_libraries(triangles_common PUBLIC PkgConfig::ZMQ)
 endif()
 
-# Optional: RocksDB
-if(BUILD_ROCKSDB)
-    target_compile_definitions(triangles_common PUBLIC BUILD_ROCKSDB)
-    if(TARGET RocksDB::rocksdb)
-        target_link_libraries(triangles_common PUBLIC RocksDB::rocksdb)
-    elseif(TARGET PkgConfig::RocksDB)
-        target_link_libraries(triangles_common PUBLIC PkgConfig::RocksDB)
-    endif()
+# libsecp256k1 (mandatory) — ECDH / ECDSA replacement for OpenSSL EC.
+# Provided by add_subdirectory(src/secp256k1) in the top-level CMakeLists.
+target_link_libraries(triangles_common PUBLIC secp256k1)
+
+# RocksDB (mandatory)
+if(TARGET RocksDB::rocksdb)
+    target_link_libraries(triangles_common PUBLIC RocksDB::rocksdb)
+elseif(TARGET PkgConfig::RocksDB)
+    target_link_libraries(triangles_common PUBLIC PkgConfig::RocksDB)
 endif()
 
 # Optional: Embedded Tor
@@ -217,11 +219,11 @@ target_precompile_headers(triangles_common PRIVATE
     "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:<cstring$<ANGLE-R>>"
     "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:<memory$<ANGLE-R>>"
     "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:<functional$<ANGLE-R>>"
-    "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:<boost/filesystem.hpp$<ANGLE-R>>"
-    "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:<boost/filesystem/fstream.hpp$<ANGLE-R>>"
-    "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:<boost/thread.hpp$<ANGLE-R>>"
-    "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:<boost/thread/mutex.hpp$<ANGLE-R>>"
-    "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:<boost/thread/condition_variable.hpp$<ANGLE-R>>"
+    "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:<filesystem$<ANGLE-R>>"
+    "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:<fstream$<ANGLE-R>>"
+    "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:<thread$<ANGLE-R>>"
+    "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:<mutex$<ANGLE-R>>"
+    "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:<condition_variable$<ANGLE-R>>"
     "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:<boost/algorithm/string.hpp$<ANGLE-R>>"
     "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:<openssl/sha.h$<ANGLE-R>>"
     "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:<openssl/crypto.h$<ANGLE-R>>"

src/addrman.cpp

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 
 #include "addrman.h"
 
+#include <cmath>
+
 using namespace std;
 
 int CAddrInfo::GetTriedBucket(const std::vector<unsigned char> &nKey) const
@@ -79,15 +81,14 @@ double CAddrInfo::GetChance(int64_t nNow) const
 
 CAddrInfo* CAddrMan::Find(const CNetAddr& addr, int *pnId)
 {
-    std::map<CNetAddr, int>::iterator it = mapAddr.find(addr);
+    auto it = mapAddr.find(addr);
     if (it == mapAddr.end())
-        return NULL;
+        return nullptr;
     if (pnId)
-        *pnId = (*it).second;
-    std::map<int, CAddrInfo>::iterator it2 = mapInfo.find((*it).second);
-    if (it2 != mapInfo.end())
-        return &(*it2).second;
-    return NULL;
+        *pnId = it->second;
+    if (auto it2 = mapInfo.find(it->second); it2 != mapInfo.end())
+        return &it2->second;
+    return nullptr;
 }
 
 CAddrInfo* CAddrMan::Create(const CAddress &addr, const CNetAddr &addrSource, int *pnId)
@@ -175,13 +176,13 @@ int CAddrMan::ShrinkNew(int nUBucket)
     int n[4] = {GetRandInt(vNew.size()), GetRandInt(vNew.size()), GetRandInt(vNew.size()), GetRandInt(vNew.size())};
     int nI = 0;
     int nOldest = -1;
-    for (std::set<int>::iterator it = vNew.begin(); it != vNew.end(); it++)
+    for (const auto& elem : vNew)
     {
         if (nI == n[0] || nI == n[1] || nI == n[2] || nI == n[3])
         {
-            assert(nOldest == -1 || mapInfo.count(*it) == 1);
-            if (nOldest == -1 || mapInfo[*it].nTime < mapInfo[nOldest].nTime)
-                nOldest = *it;
+            assert(nOldest == -1 || mapInfo.count(elem) == 1);
+            if (nOldest == -1 || mapInfo[elem].nTime < mapInfo[nOldest].nTime)
+                nOldest = elem;
         }
         nI++;
     }
@@ -438,10 +439,8 @@ int CAddrMan::Check_()
 
     if (vRandom.size() != nTried + nNew) return -7;
 
-    for (std::map<int, CAddrInfo>::iterator it = mapInfo.begin(); it != mapInfo.end(); it++)
+    for (auto& [n, info] : mapInfo)
     {
-        int n = (*it).first;
-        CAddrInfo &info = (*it).second;
         if (info.fInTried)
         {
 
@@ -465,10 +464,10 @@ int CAddrMan::Check_()
     for (int n=0; n<vvTried.size(); n++)
     {
         std::vector<int> &vTried = vvTried[n];
-        for (std::vector<int>::iterator it = vTried.begin(); it != vTried.end(); it++)
+        for (const auto& elem : vTried)
         {
-            if (!setTried.count(*it)) return -11;
-            setTried.erase(*it);
+            if (!setTried.count(elem)) return -11;
+            setTried.erase(elem);
         }
     }
 

src/alert.cpp

@@ -1,276 +0,0 @@
-//
-// Alert system
-//
-
-#include <algorithm>
-#include <boost/algorithm/string/classification.hpp>
-#include <boost/algorithm/string/replace.hpp>
-#include <map>
-
-#include "alert.h"
-#include "key.h"
-#include "net.h"
-#include "sync.h"
-#include "ui_interface.h"
-
-using namespace std;
-
-map<uint256, CAlert> mapAlerts;
-CCriticalSection cs_mapAlerts;
-
-// Alert keys disabled for decentralization - v5 hard fork
-static const char* pszMainKey = "";
-
-// TestNet alerts pubKey
-static const char* pszTestKey = "";
-
-void CUnsignedAlert::SetNull()
-{
-    nVersion = 1;
-    nRelayUntil = 0;
-    nExpiration = 0;
-    nID = 0;
-    nCancel = 0;
-    setCancel.clear();
-    nMinVer = 0;
-    nMaxVer = 0;
-    setSubVer.clear();
-    nPriority = 0;
-
-    strComment.clear();
-    strStatusBar.clear();
-    strReserved.clear();
-}
-
-std::string CUnsignedAlert::ToString() const
-{
-    std::string strSetCancel;
-    for (int n : setCancel)
-        strSetCancel += strprintf("%d ", n);
-    std::string strSetSubVer;
-    for (std::string str : setSubVer)
-        strSetSubVer += "\"" + str + "\" ";
-    return strprintf(
-        "CAlert(\n"
-        "    nVersion     = %d\n"
-        "    nRelayUntil  = %" PRId64 "\n"
-        "    nExpiration  = %" PRId64 "\n"
-        "    nID          = %d\n"
-        "    nCancel      = %d\n"
-        "    setCancel    = %s\n"
-        "    nMinVer      = %d\n"
-        "    nMaxVer      = %d\n"
-        "    setSubVer    = %s\n"
-        "    nPriority    = %d\n"
-        "    strComment   = \"%s\"\n"
-        "    strStatusBar = \"%s\"\n"
-        ")\n",
-        nVersion,
-        nRelayUntil,
-        nExpiration,
-        nID,
-        nCancel,
-        strSetCancel.c_str(),
-        nMinVer,
-        nMaxVer,
-        strSetSubVer.c_str(),
-        nPriority,
-        strComment.c_str(),
-        strStatusBar.c_str());
-}
-
-void CUnsignedAlert::print() const
-{
-    printf("%s", ToString().c_str());
-}
-
-void CAlert::SetNull()
-{
-    CUnsignedAlert::SetNull();
-    vchMsg.clear();
-    vchSig.clear();
-}
-
-bool CAlert::IsNull() const
-{
-    return (nExpiration == 0);
-}
-
-uint256 CAlert::GetHash() const
-{
-    return Hash(this->vchMsg.begin(), this->vchMsg.end());
-}
-
-bool CAlert::IsInEffect() const
-{
-    return (GetAdjustedTime() < nExpiration);
-}
-
-bool CAlert::Cancels(const CAlert& alert) const
-{
-    if (!IsInEffect())
-        return false; // this was a no-op before 31403
-    return (alert.nID <= nCancel || setCancel.count(alert.nID));
-}
-
-bool CAlert::AppliesTo(int nVersion, std::string strSubVerIn) const
-{
-    // TODO: rework for client-version-embedded-in-strSubVer ?
-    return (IsInEffect() &&
-            nMinVer <= nVersion && nVersion <= nMaxVer &&
-            (setSubVer.empty() || setSubVer.count(strSubVerIn)));
-}
-
-bool CAlert::AppliesToMe() const
-{
-    return AppliesTo(PROTOCOL_VERSION, FormatSubVersion(CLIENT_NAME, CLIENT_VERSION, std::vector<std::string>()));
-}
-
-bool CAlert::RelayTo(CNode* pnode) const
-{
-    if (!IsInEffect())
-        return false;
-    // returns true if wasn't already contained in the set
-    if (pnode->setKnown.insert(GetHash()).second)
-    {
-        if (AppliesTo(pnode->nVersion, pnode->strSubVer) ||
-            AppliesToMe() ||
-            GetAdjustedTime() < nRelayUntil)
-        {
-            pnode->PushMessage("alert", *this);
-            return true;
-        }
-    }
-    return false;
-}
-
-bool CAlert::CheckSignature() const
-{
-    // Alert key system disabled for decentralization - v5 hard fork
-    const char* pszKey = fTestNet ? pszTestKey : pszMainKey;
-    if (pszKey[0] == '\0')
-        return false; // No alerts accepted without a valid key
-
-    CKey key;
-    if (!key.SetPubKey(ParseHex(pszKey)))
-        return error("CAlert::CheckSignature() : SetPubKey failed");
-    if (!key.Verify(Hash(vchMsg.begin(), vchMsg.end()), vchSig))
-        return error("CAlert::CheckSignature() : verify signature failed");
-
-    // Now unserialize the data
-    CDataStream sMsg(vchMsg, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
-    sMsg >> *(CUnsignedAlert*)this;
-    return true;
-}
-
-CAlert CAlert::getAlertByHash(const uint256 &hash)
-{
-    CAlert retval;
-    {
-        LOCK(cs_mapAlerts);
-        map<uint256, CAlert>::iterator mi = mapAlerts.find(hash);
-        if(mi != mapAlerts.end())
-            retval = mi->second;
-    }
-    return retval;
-}
-
-bool CAlert::ProcessAlert(bool fThread)
-{
-    if (!CheckSignature())
-        return false;
-    if (!IsInEffect())
-        return false;
-
-    // alert.nID=max is reserved for if the alert key is
-    // compromised. It must have a pre-defined message,
-    // must never expire, must apply to all versions,
-    // and must cancel all previous
-    // alerts or it will be ignored (so an attacker can't
-    // send an "everything is OK, don't panic" version that
-    // cannot be overridden):
-    int maxInt = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
-    if (nID == maxInt)
-    {
-        if (!(
-                nExpiration == maxInt &&
-                nCancel == (maxInt-1) &&
-                nMinVer == 0 &&
-                nMaxVer == maxInt &&
-                setSubVer.empty() &&
-                nPriority == maxInt &&
-                strStatusBar == "URGENT: Alert key compromised, upgrade required"
-                ))
-            return false;
-    }
-
-    {
-        LOCK(cs_mapAlerts);
-        // Cancel previous alerts
-        for (map<uint256, CAlert>::iterator mi = mapAlerts.begin(); mi != mapAlerts.end();)
-        {
-            const CAlert& alert = (*mi).second;
-            if (Cancels(alert))
-            {
-                printf("cancelling alert %d\n", alert.nID);
-                uiInterface.NotifyAlertChanged((*mi).first, CT_DELETED);
-                mapAlerts.erase(mi++);
-            }
-            else if (!alert.IsInEffect())
-            {
-                printf("expiring alert %d\n", alert.nID);
-                uiInterface.NotifyAlertChanged((*mi).first, CT_DELETED);
-                mapAlerts.erase(mi++);
-            }
-            else
-                mi++;
-        }
-
-        // Check if this alert has been cancelled
-        for (auto& item : mapAlerts)
-        {
-            const CAlert& alert = item.second;
-            if (alert.Cancels(*this))
-            {
-                printf("alert already cancelled by %d\n", alert.nID);
-                return false;
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Add to mapAlerts
-        mapAlerts.insert(make_pair(GetHash(), *this));
-        // Notify UI and -alertnotify if it applies to me
-        if(AppliesToMe())
-        {
-            uiInterface.NotifyAlertChanged(GetHash(), CT_NEW);
-            std::string strCmd = GetArg("-alertnotify", "");
-            if (!strCmd.empty())
-            {
-                // Alert text should be plain ascii coming from a trusted source, but to
-                // be safe we first strip anything not in safeChars, then add single quotes around
-                // the whole string before passing it to the shell:
-                std::string singleQuote("'");
-                // safeChars chosen to allow simple messages/URLs/email addresses, but avoid anything
-                // even possibly remotely dangerous like & or >
-                std::string safeChars("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ01234567890 .,;_/:?@");
-                std::string safeStatus;
-                for (std::string::size_type i = 0; i < strStatusBar.size(); i++)
-                {
-                    if (safeChars.find(strStatusBar[i]) != std::string::npos)
-                        safeStatus.push_back(strStatusBar[i]);
-                }
-                safeStatus = singleQuote+safeStatus+singleQuote;
-                boost::replace_all(strCmd, "%s", safeStatus);
-
-                if (fThread)
-                    boost::thread t(runCommand, strCmd); // thread runs free
-                else
-                    runCommand(strCmd);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    printf("accepted alert %d, AppliesToMe()=%d\n", nID, AppliesToMe());
-    return true;
-}
-

src/alert.h

@@ -1,104 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
-// Copyright (c) 2009-2012 The Bitcoin developers
-// Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
-// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
-
-#ifndef _TRIANGLESALERT_H_
-#define _TRIANGLESALERT_H_ 1
-
-#include <set>
-#include <string>
-
-#include "uint256.h"
-#include "util.h"
-
-class CNode;
-
-/** Alerts are for notifying old versions if they become too obsolete and
- * need to upgrade.  The message is displayed in the status bar.
- * Alert messages are broadcast as a vector of signed data.  Unserializing may
- * not read the entire buffer if the alert is for a newer version, but older
- * versions can still relay the original data.
- */
-class CUnsignedAlert
-{
-public:
-    int nVersion;
-    int64_t nRelayUntil;      // when newer nodes stop relaying to newer nodes
-    int64_t nExpiration;
-    int nID;
-    int nCancel;
-    std::set<int> setCancel;
-    int nMinVer;            // lowest version inclusive
-    int nMaxVer;            // highest version inclusive
-    std::set<std::string> setSubVer;  // empty matches all
-    int nPriority;
-
-    // Actions
-    std::string strComment;
-    std::string strStatusBar;
-    std::string strReserved;
-
-    IMPLEMENT_SERIALIZE
-    (
-        READWRITE(this->nVersion);
-        nVersion = this->nVersion;
-        READWRITE(nRelayUntil);
-        READWRITE(nExpiration);
-        READWRITE(nID);
-        READWRITE(nCancel);
-        READWRITE(setCancel);
-        READWRITE(nMinVer);
-        READWRITE(nMaxVer);
-        READWRITE(setSubVer);
-        READWRITE(nPriority);
-
-        READWRITE(strComment);
-        READWRITE(strStatusBar);
-        READWRITE(strReserved);
-    )
-
-    void SetNull();
-
-    std::string ToString() const;
-    void print() const;
-};
-
-/** An alert is a combination of a serialized CUnsignedAlert and a signature. */
-class CAlert : public CUnsignedAlert
-{
-public:
-    std::vector<unsigned char> vchMsg;
-    std::vector<unsigned char> vchSig;
-
-    CAlert()
-    {
-        SetNull();
-    }
-
-    IMPLEMENT_SERIALIZE
-    (
-        READWRITE(vchMsg);
-        READWRITE(vchSig);
-    )
-
-    void SetNull();
-    bool IsNull() const;
-    uint256 GetHash() const;
-    bool IsInEffect() const;
-    bool Cancels(const CAlert& alert) const;
-    bool AppliesTo(int nVersion, std::string strSubVerIn) const;
-    bool AppliesToMe() const;
-    bool RelayTo(CNode* pnode) const;
-    bool CheckSignature() const;
-    bool ProcessAlert(bool fThread = true);
-
-    /*
-     * Get copy of (active) alert object by hash. Returns a null alert if it is not found.
-     */
-    static CAlert getAlertByHash(const uint256 &hash);
-};
-
-#endif
-
-

src/allocators.h

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 #include <string.h>
 #include <string>
-#include <boost/thread/mutex.hpp>
+#include <mutex>
 #include <map>
 
 #ifdef WIN32
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public:
     // For all pages in affected range, increase lock count
     void LockRange(void *p, size_t size)
     {
-        boost::mutex::scoped_lock lock(mutex);
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
         if(!size) return;
         const size_t base_addr = reinterpret_cast<size_t>(p);
         const size_t start_page = base_addr & page_mask;
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ public:
             if(it == histogram.end()) // Newly locked page
             {
                 locker.Lock(reinterpret_cast<void*>(page), page_size);
-                histogram.insert(std::make_pair(page, 1));
+                histogram.insert({page, 1});
             }
             else // Page was already locked; increase counter
             {
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ public:
     // For all pages in affected range, decrease lock count
     void UnlockRange(void *p, size_t size)
     {
-        boost::mutex::scoped_lock lock(mutex);
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
         if(!size) return;
         const size_t base_addr = reinterpret_cast<size_t>(p);
         const size_t start_page = base_addr & page_mask;
@@ -101,13 +101,13 @@ public:
     // Get number of locked pages for diagnostics
     int GetLockedPageCount()
     {
-        boost::mutex::scoped_lock lock(mutex);
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
         return histogram.size();
     }
 
 private:
     Locker locker;
-    boost::mutex mutex;
+    std::mutex mutex;
     size_t page_size, page_mask;
     // map of page base address to lock count
     typedef std::map<size_t,int> Histogram;
@@ -182,35 +182,36 @@ private:
 template<typename T>
 struct secure_allocator : public std::allocator<T>
 {
-    // MSVC8 default copy constructor is broken
+    // C++20 removed pointer/reference/etc. member typedefs from std::allocator
+    // and removed the 2-arg allocate(n, hint). Define what we still need
+    // directly instead of pulling from base.
     typedef std::allocator<T> base;
-    typedef typename base::size_type size_type;
-    typedef typename base::difference_type  difference_type;
-    typedef typename base::pointer pointer;
-    typedef typename base::const_pointer const_pointer;
-    typedef typename base::reference reference;
-    typedef typename base::const_reference const_reference;
-    typedef typename base::value_type value_type;
-    secure_allocator() throw() {}
-    secure_allocator(const secure_allocator& a) throw() : base(a) {}
+    typedef T              value_type;
+    typedef T*             pointer;
+    typedef const T*       const_pointer;
+    typedef T&             reference;
+    typedef const T&       const_reference;
+    typedef std::size_t    size_type;
+    typedef std::ptrdiff_t difference_type;
+    secure_allocator() noexcept {}
+    secure_allocator(const secure_allocator& a) noexcept : base(a) {}
     template <typename U>
-    secure_allocator(const secure_allocator<U>& a) throw() : base(a) {}
-    ~secure_allocator() throw() {}
+    secure_allocator(const secure_allocator<U>& a) noexcept : base(a) {}
+    ~secure_allocator() noexcept {}
     template<typename _Other> struct rebind
     { typedef secure_allocator<_Other> other; };
 
-    T* allocate(std::size_t n, const void *hint = 0)
+    T* allocate(std::size_t n)
     {
-        T *p;
-        p = std::allocator<T>::allocate(n, hint);
-        if (p != NULL)
+        T* p = std::allocator<T>::allocate(n);
+        if (p != nullptr)
             LockedPageManager::instance.LockRange(p, sizeof(T) * n);
         return p;
     }
 
     void deallocate(T* p, std::size_t n)
     {
-        if (p != NULL)
+        if (p != nullptr)
         {
             memset(p, 0, sizeof(T) * n);
             LockedPageManager::instance.UnlockRange(p, sizeof(T) * n);
@@ -226,33 +227,34 @@ struct secure_allocator : public std::allocator<T>
 template<typename T>
 struct zero_after_free_allocator : public std::allocator<T>
 {
-    // MSVC8 default copy constructor is broken
+    // C++20 removed pointer/reference/etc. member typedefs from std::allocator.
+    // Define what we still need directly instead of pulling from base.
     typedef std::allocator<T> base;
-    typedef typename base::size_type size_type;
-    typedef typename base::difference_type  difference_type;
-    typedef typename base::pointer pointer;
-    typedef typename base::const_pointer const_pointer;
-    typedef typename base::reference reference;
-    typedef typename base::const_reference const_reference;
-    typedef typename base::value_type value_type;
-    zero_after_free_allocator() throw() {}
-    zero_after_free_allocator(const zero_after_free_allocator& a) throw() : base(a) {}
+    typedef T              value_type;
+    typedef T*             pointer;
+    typedef const T*       const_pointer;
+    typedef T&             reference;
+    typedef const T&       const_reference;
+    typedef std::size_t    size_type;
+    typedef std::ptrdiff_t difference_type;
+    zero_after_free_allocator() noexcept {}
+    zero_after_free_allocator(const zero_after_free_allocator& a) noexcept : base(a) {}
     template <typename U>
-    zero_after_free_allocator(const zero_after_free_allocator<U>& a) throw() : base(a) {}
-    ~zero_after_free_allocator() throw() {}
+    zero_after_free_allocator(const zero_after_free_allocator<U>& a) noexcept : base(a) {}
+    ~zero_after_free_allocator() noexcept {}
     template<typename _Other> struct rebind
     { typedef zero_after_free_allocator<_Other> other; };
 
     void deallocate(T* p, std::size_t n)
     {
-        if (p != NULL)
+        if (p != nullptr)
             memset(p, 0, sizeof(T) * n);
         std::allocator<T>::deallocate(p, n);
     }
 };
 
 // This is exactly like std::string, but with a custom allocator.
-typedef std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, secure_allocator<char> > SecureString;
+using SecureString = std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, secure_allocator<char>>;
 
 static inline SecureString MakeSecureString(const std::string& value)
 {

src/bignum.h

@@ -11,7 +11,9 @@
 #include "version.h"
 
 #include <openssl/bn.h>
+#include <openssl/opensslv.h>
 
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <stdexcept>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -36,20 +38,20 @@ public:
     CAutoBN_CTX()
     {
         pctx = BN_CTX_new();
-        if (pctx == NULL)
+        if (pctx == nullptr)
             throw bignum_error("CAutoBN_CTX : BN_CTX_new() returned NULL");
     }
 
     ~CAutoBN_CTX()
     {
-        if (pctx != NULL)
+        if (pctx != nullptr)
             BN_CTX_free(pctx);
     }
 
     operator BN_CTX*() { return pctx; }
     BN_CTX& operator*() { return *pctx; }
     BN_CTX** operator&() { return &pctx; }
-    bool operator!() { return (pctx == NULL); }
+    bool operator!() { return (pctx == nullptr); }
 };
 
 
@@ -63,14 +65,14 @@ public:
     CBigNum()
     {
         pbn = BN_new();
-        if (pbn == NULL)
+        if (pbn == nullptr)
             throw bignum_error("CBigNum::CBigNum() : BN_new() returned NULL");
     }
 
     CBigNum(const CBigNum& b)
     {
         pbn = BN_new();
-        if (pbn == NULL)
+        if (pbn == nullptr)
             throw bignum_error("CBigNum::CBigNum(const CBigNum&) : BN_new() returned NULL");
         if (!BN_copy(pbn, b.pbn))
         {
@@ -88,7 +90,7 @@ public:
 
     ~CBigNum()
     {
-        if (pbn != NULL)
+        if (pbn != nullptr)
             BN_clear_free(pbn);
     }
 
@@ -219,7 +221,7 @@ public:
 
     uint64_t getuint64()
     {
-        unsigned int nSize = BN_bn2mpi(pbn, NULL);
+        unsigned int nSize = BN_bn2mpi(pbn, nullptr);
         if (nSize < 4)
             return 0;
         std::vector<unsigned char> vch(nSize);
@@ -289,7 +291,7 @@ public:
 
     uint256 getuint256() const
     {
-        unsigned int nSize = BN_bn2mpi(pbn, NULL);
+        unsigned int nSize = BN_bn2mpi(pbn, nullptr);
         if (nSize < 4)
             return 0;
         std::vector<unsigned char> vch(nSize);
@@ -320,7 +322,7 @@ public:
 
     std::vector<unsigned char> getvch() const
     {
-        unsigned int nSize = BN_bn2mpi(pbn, NULL);
+        unsigned int nSize = BN_bn2mpi(pbn, nullptr);
         if (nSize <= 4)
             return std::vector<unsigned char>();
         std::vector<unsigned char> vch(nSize);
@@ -344,7 +346,7 @@ public:
 
     unsigned int GetCompact() const
     {
-        unsigned int nSize = BN_bn2mpi(pbn, NULL);
+        unsigned int nSize = BN_bn2mpi(pbn, nullptr);
         std::vector<unsigned char> vch(nSize);
         nSize -= 4;
         BN_bn2mpi(pbn, &vch[0]);
@@ -373,7 +375,7 @@ public:
             psz++;
 
         // hex string to bignum
-        static const signed char phexdigit[256] = { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0xa,0xb,0xc,0xd,0xe,0xf,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0xa,0xb,0xc,0xd,0xe,0xf,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 };
+        static constexpr signed char phexdigit[256] = { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0xa,0xb,0xc,0xd,0xe,0xf,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0xa,0xb,0xc,0xd,0xe,0xf,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 };
         *this = 0;
         while (isxdigit(*psz))
         {
@@ -514,7 +516,7 @@ public:
      */
     static CBigNum generatePrime(const unsigned int numBits, bool safe = false) {
         CBigNum ret;
-        if(!BN_generate_prime_ex(ret.pbn, numBits, (safe == true), NULL, NULL, NULL))
+        if(!BN_generate_prime_ex(ret.pbn, numBits, (safe == true), nullptr, nullptr, nullptr))
             throw bignum_error("CBigNum::generatePrime*= :BN_generate_prime_ex");
         return ret;
     }
@@ -540,7 +542,14 @@ public:
     */
     bool isPrime(const int checks=BN_prime_checks) const {
         CAutoBN_CTX pctx;
-        int ret = BN_is_prime_ex(pbn, checks, pctx, NULL);
+#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x30000000L
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
+#endif
+        int ret = BN_is_prime_ex(pbn, checks, pctx, nullptr);
+#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x30000000L
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+#endif
         if(ret < 0){
             throw bignum_error("CBigNum::isPrime :BN_is_prime_ex");
         }
@@ -705,7 +714,7 @@ inline const CBigNum operator/(const CBigNum& a, const CBigNum& b)
 {
     CAutoBN_CTX pctx;
     CBigNum r;
-    if (!BN_div(r.pbn, NULL, a.pbn, b.pbn, pctx))
+    if (!BN_div(r.pbn, nullptr, a.pbn, b.pbn, pctx))
         throw bignum_error("CBigNum::operator/ : BN_div failed");
     return r;
 }

src/bootstrap.cpp

@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@
 
 #include "bootstrap.h"
 #include "utxosnapshot.h"
+#include "txdb.h"
 
-#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
-#include <boost/filesystem/fstream.hpp>
-#include <boost/algorithm/string.hpp>
+#include <filesystem>
+#include <fstream>
 
 #include <zlib.h>
 
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
 extern bool fTestNet;
 namespace Checkpoints { bool IsKnownCheckpoint(int nHeight, const uint256& hash); }
 
-namespace fs = boost::filesystem;
+namespace fs = std::filesystem;
 
 namespace Bootstrap {
 
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ static SOCKET ConnectDirectTCP(const std::string& host, int port, std::string& s
     }
 
     SOCKET hSocket = INVALID_SOCKET;
-    for (rp = result; rp != NULL; rp = rp->ai_next) {
+    for (rp = result; rp != nullptr; rp = rp->ai_next) {
         hSocket = socket(rp->ai_family, rp->ai_socktype, rp->ai_protocol);
         if (hSocket == INVALID_SOCKET)
             continue;
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ bool DownloadFile(const std::string& host, const std::string& urlPath,
                     location = headerData.substr(valStart, lineEnd - valStart);
                 else
                     location = headerData.substr(valStart);
-                boost::trim(location);
+                location = TrimString(location);
 
                 // Parse redirect URL — supports http://, https://, and relative paths
                 if (location.compare(0, 7, "http://") == 0 ||
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ bool FetchFileList(const std::string& host,
     files.clear();
     std::string line;
     while (std::getline(in, line)) {
-        boost::trim(line);
+        line = TrimString(line);
         if (!line.empty() && line[0] != '#')
             files.push_back(line);
     }
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ bool ParseManifest(const fs::path& manifestPath,
 
     std::string line;
     while (std::getline(in, line)) {
-        boost::trim(line);
+        line = TrimString(line);
         if (line.empty() || line[0] == '#')
             continue;
 
@@ -585,8 +585,8 @@ bool ParseManifest(const fs::path& manifestPath,
 
         std::string key = line.substr(0, eq);
         std::string val = line.substr(eq + 1);
-        boost::trim(key);
-        boost::trim(val);
+        key = TrimString(key);
+        val = TrimString(val);
 
         if (key == "format")
             manifest.format = std::atoi(val.c_str());
@@ -718,16 +718,16 @@ bool DownloadBootstrap(const std::string& host,
         return false;
     }
 
-    // Check if the archive included a trusted pre-built index (txleveldb/)
-    // with a valid snapshot.manifest. If verified, keep it to skip the
+    // Check if the archive included a trusted pre-built index for the active
+    // backend with a valid snapshot.manifest. If verified, keep it to skip the
     // multi-hour FastImportBlockFile() rebuild.
-    fs::path txleveldb = dataDir / "txleveldb";
+    fs::path chainDbPath = GetChainDataDir();
     fs::path database  = dataDir / "database";
     fs::path manifestPath = dataDir / "snapshot.manifest";
 
     bool keepIndex = false;
 
-    if (fs::exists(manifestPath) && fs::exists(txleveldb)) {
+    if (fs::exists(manifestPath) && fs::exists(chainDbPath)) {
         SnapshotManifest manifest;
         std::string manifestError;
 
@@ -754,9 +754,10 @@ bool DownloadBootstrap(const std::string& host,
     if (!keepIndex) {
         // No valid manifest or verification failed - delete the index.
         // FastImportBlockFile() will rebuild from blk0001.dat on next startup.
-        printf("Bootstrap: removing extracted txleveldb/ (will rebuild index from blk0001.dat)\n");
-        if (fs::exists(txleveldb))
-            fs::remove_all(txleveldb);
+        printf("Bootstrap: removing extracted %s/ (will rebuild index from blk0001.dat)\n",
+               GetChainDataDir().filename().string().c_str());
+        if (fs::exists(chainDbPath))
+            fs::remove_all(chainDbPath);
     }
 
     // Always remove BDB database/ dir (wallet environment from another machine)
@@ -791,7 +792,7 @@ bool DownloadUtxoSnapshot(const std::string& host,
 
     printf("Bootstrap: UTXO snapshot downloaded, loading into database...\n");
 
-    // Load the snapshot into a fresh txleveldb
+    // Load the snapshot into a fresh active chain DB
     if (!UtxoSnapshot::LoadSnapshot(tmpPath, dataDir, strError)) {
         fs::remove(tmpPath);
         return false;

src/bootstrap.h

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 #include <functional>
-#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
+#include <filesystem>
 
 namespace Bootstrap {
 
@@ -20,14 +20,14 @@ namespace Bootstrap {
     typedef std::function<void(int64_t, int64_t)> ProgressCallback;
 
     // Check if data dir already has blockchain data
-    bool NeedsBootstrap(const boost::filesystem::path& dataDir);
+    bool NeedsBootstrap(const std::filesystem::path& dataDir);
 
     // Download a single file via HTTP GET, write to destPath.
     // If noProxy is true, bypass Tor SOCKS proxy and connect directly
     // (used for clearnet bootstrap downloads).
     // If portOverride is set (>0), uses that port instead of the default PORT.
     bool DownloadFile(const std::string& host, const std::string& urlPath,
-                      const boost::filesystem::path& destPath,
+                      const std::filesystem::path& destPath,
                       ProgressCallback progressFn,
                       std::string& strError,
                       bool noProxy = false,
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ namespace Bootstrap {
     // Download bootstrap.tar.gz and extract to dataDir.
     // Falls back to filelist.txt + individual file download if tar.gz unavailable.
     bool DownloadBootstrap(const std::string& host,
-                           const boost::filesystem::path& dataDir,
+                           const std::filesystem::path& dataDir,
                            ProgressCallback progressFn,
                            std::string& strError);
 
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ namespace Bootstrap {
     };
 
     // Parse a snapshot.manifest file into a SnapshotManifest struct.
-    bool ParseManifest(const boost::filesystem::path& manifestPath,
+    bool ParseManifest(const std::filesystem::path& manifestPath,
                        SnapshotManifest& manifest,
                        std::string& strError);
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ namespace Bootstrap {
     // This is much faster than downloading the full bootstrap archive.
     // Returns true if snapshot was downloaded and loaded successfully.
     bool DownloadUtxoSnapshot(const std::string& host,
-                              const boost::filesystem::path& dataDir,
+                              const std::filesystem::path& dataDir,
                               ProgressCallback progressFn,
                               std::string& strError);
 

src/chaindb_migrate.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 The Triangles developers.
+// Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
+// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
+
+#include "chaindb_migrate.h"
+
+#include "txdb-leveldb.h"
+#include "txdb-rocksdb.h"
+#include "util.h"
+
+#include <filesystem>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <memory>
+
+namespace fs = std::filesystem;
+
+namespace {
+
+struct ChainDbStats
+{
+    int64_t nRecords = 0;
+    int64_t nUtxos = 0;
+    int64_t nUtxoValue = 0;
+    uint256 hashBestChain = 0;
+    int nDbFormat = 0;
+};
+
+bool CollectStats(CTxDBBase& db, ChainDbStats& stats, std::string& strError)
+{
+    stats = ChainDbStats();
+
+    auto it = db.NewIterator();
+    for (it->Seek(std::string()); it->Valid(); it->Next())
+        stats.nRecords++;
+
+    int nUtxos = 0;
+    stats.nUtxoValue = db.SumUtxoValues(nUtxos);
+    stats.nUtxos = nUtxos;
+    db.ReadHashBestChain(stats.hashBestChain);
+    db.ReadDbFormat(stats.nDbFormat);
+
+    if (stats.nRecords <= 0) {
+        strError = "source chain database contains no records";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool StatsMatch(const ChainDbStats& src, const ChainDbStats& dst, std::string& strError)
+{
+    if (src.nRecords != dst.nRecords) {
+        strError = strprintf("record count mismatch after migration: source=%lld rocksdb=%lld",
+                             (long long)src.nRecords, (long long)dst.nRecords);
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (src.nUtxos != dst.nUtxos || src.nUtxoValue != dst.nUtxoValue) {
+        strError = strprintf("UTXO mismatch after migration: source=(%lld,%lld) rocksdb=(%lld,%lld)",
+                             (long long)src.nUtxos, (long long)src.nUtxoValue,
+                             (long long)dst.nUtxos, (long long)dst.nUtxoValue);
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (src.hashBestChain != dst.hashBestChain) {
+        strError = strprintf("best-chain hash mismatch after migration: source=%s rocksdb=%s",
+                             src.hashBestChain.ToString().c_str(),
+                             dst.hashBestChain.ToString().c_str());
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (src.nDbFormat != dst.nDbFormat) {
+        strError = strprintf("dbformat mismatch after migration: source=%d rocksdb=%d",
+                             src.nDbFormat, dst.nDbFormat);
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
+bool MaybeMigrateLevelDbToRocksDb(bool fForce, std::string& strError)
+{
+    strError.clear();
+
+    const fs::path dataDir = GetDataDir();
+    const fs::path levelPath = dataDir / "txleveldb";
+    const fs::path rocksPath = dataDir / "rocksdb";
+    const fs::path markerPath = rocksPath / "MIGRATION_INCOMPLETE";
+
+    if (!fs::exists(levelPath))
+        return true;
+
+    if (fs::exists(rocksPath)) {
+        if (fs::exists(markerPath)) {
+            printf("ChainDB migration: removing incomplete previous RocksDB migration\n");
+            fs::remove_all(rocksPath);
+        }
+        else if (!fForce)
+            return true;
+        else {
+            printf("ChainDB migration: removing existing RocksDB directory due to -migratechaindbforce\n");
+            fs::remove_all(rocksPath);
+        }
+    }
+
+    printf("ChainDB migration: copying LevelDB chain state to RocksDB...\n");
+    printf("ChainDB migration: source=%s destination=%s\n",
+           levelPath.string().c_str(), rocksPath.string().c_str());
+
+    try {
+        fs::create_directories(rocksPath);
+        {
+            std::ofstream marker(markerPath);
+            marker << "RocksDB migration in progress. Safe to delete this directory and retry.\n";
+        }
+
+        CTxDB source("r");
+        CRocksTxDB destination("c+");
+
+        ChainDbStats srcStats;
+        if (!CollectStats(source, srcStats, strError)) {
+            source.Close();
+            destination.Close();
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (!destination.TxnBegin()) {
+            strError = "failed to begin RocksDB migration batch";
+            source.Close();
+            destination.Close();
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        int64_t nCopied = 0;
+        auto it = source.NewIterator();
+        for (it->Seek(std::string()); it->Valid(); it->Next())
+        {
+            if (!destination.WriteRawRecordForMigration(it->KeyStr(), it->ValueStr())) {
+                destination.TxnAbort();
+                strError = "failed to write migrated record to RocksDB";
+                source.Close();
+                destination.Close();
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            if (++nCopied % 100000 == 0)
+            {
+                if (!destination.TxnCommit()) {
+                    strError = "failed to commit RocksDB migration batch";
+                    source.Close();
+                    destination.Close();
+                    return false;
+                }
+                printf("ChainDB migration: copied %lld / %lld records\n",
+                       (long long)nCopied, (long long)srcStats.nRecords);
+                if (!destination.TxnBegin()) {
+                    strError = "failed to begin RocksDB migration batch";
+                    source.Close();
+                    destination.Close();
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (!destination.TxnCommit()) {
+            strError = "failed to commit final RocksDB migration batch";
+            source.Close();
+            destination.Close();
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        ChainDbStats dstStats;
+        if (!CollectStats(destination, dstStats, strError)) {
+            source.Close();
+            destination.Close();
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (!StatsMatch(srcStats, dstStats, strError)) {
+            source.Close();
+            destination.Close();
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        printf("ChainDB migration: verified %lld records, %lld UTXOs, best=%s\n",
+               (long long)dstStats.nRecords,
+               (long long)dstStats.nUtxos,
+               dstStats.hashBestChain.ToString().substr(0,20).c_str());
+
+        source.Close();
+        destination.Close();
+        fs::remove(markerPath);
+    }
+    catch (std::exception& e) {
+        strError = e.what();
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    printf("ChainDB migration: complete. Legacy LevelDB was left untouched at %s\n",
+           levelPath.string().c_str());
+    return true;
+}

src/chaindb_migrate.h

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 The Triangles developers.
+// Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
+// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
+#ifndef TRIANGLES_CHAINDB_MIGRATE_H
+#define TRIANGLES_CHAINDB_MIGRATE_H
+
+#include <string>
+
+// Migrate legacy LevelDB chain state from <datadir>/txleveldb to RocksDB in
+// <datadir>/rocksdb. The source is never modified. Returns true when migration
+// succeeds or when there is nothing to migrate.
+bool MaybeMigrateLevelDbToRocksDb(bool fForce, std::string& strError);
+
+#endif // TRIANGLES_CHAINDB_MIGRATE_H

src/checkpoints.cpp

@@ -32,13 +32,10 @@ namespace Checkpoints
         {  9002, uint256("0xa1e20fb1d44688b763690cf74d6aefe859e4cc32981f9e3f2b2ae9702bbcf249")},
         { 10881, uint256("0x4b6554c45e1e6764a6f3c309c47baf53c9edd81f624e52b072518cd15da237e6")},
         { 17650, uint256("0x224940e1f986a202209b8e762728d1452ab45870c308abf84905674acf326a47")},
-        {2000000, uint256("0xb0b02d4bb5ffa31f6f22fd042082ca0a085257af34dc2d4b31c3c8567b5574d5")},
-        {2186940, uint256("0xbd952e8d4a612e336d840ad924a7e09395e36bcd9d929b302e47e60b5c3098c0")},
-        {2190000, uint256("0x682baf783581468ba18f9967254a7f3944e8b8c4cc7101e7d99b68f4f9dd5271")},
-        {2200000, uint256("0x0a8d0442f031f1258120f713f34e45f4f9a625fb753558e27b89b32ad5a9a740")},
-        {2205000, uint256("0xf7aa893ec012181e321783d6a5487addf6997377908faa3e760c9054a4217d29")},
-        {2206000, uint256("0x780ae878f8b10b6cbd51ceb2c0799c90d3551fa916be62974375071b9e36581c")},
-        {2207000, uint256("0x8836d67b0f08036c4a7c26ff0a29d4461a52b6d8f552165ad9c1abec2f3cadfd")},
+        // Recent finality pin (PoS era). Closes the long unchecked span from
+        // 17650 to the live tip so stale-bootstrap / low-trust forks below
+        // this height are rejected outright. Hash from the canonical chain.
+        { 2205000, uint256("0x6bdd3c5e5a32e1dd9a70e705f1a28d1dd84929f89579bd2696d41bc87f39446f")},
     };
 
     // Published UTXO snapshot file SHA256, keyed by snapshot height.
@@ -50,7 +47,6 @@ namespace Checkpoints
     // here. The corresponding (height, blockhash) must already exist in
     // mapCheckpoints / mapCheckpointsTestnet.
     static std::map<int, uint256> mapSnapshotHashes = {
-        // {2186940, uint256("0x...sha256-of-utxo-snapshot.bin...")},
     };
 
     static std::map<int, uint256> mapSnapshotHashesTestnet = {
@@ -69,15 +65,6 @@ namespace Checkpoints
         {  9002, uint256("0xa1e20fb1d44688b763690cf74d6aefe859e4cc32981f9e3f2b2ae9702bbcf249")},
         { 10881, uint256("0x4b6554c45e1e6764a6f3c309c47baf53c9edd81f624e52b072518cd15da237e6")},
         { 17650, uint256("0x224940e1f986a202209b8e762728d1452ab45870c308abf84905674acf326a47")},
-        {2000000, uint256("0xb0b02d4bb5ffa31f6f22fd042082ca0a085257af34dc2d4b31c3c8567b5574d5")},
-        {2186940, uint256("0xbd952e8d4a612e336d840ad924a7e09395e36bcd9d929b302e47e60b5c3098c0")},
-        {2190000, uint256("0x682baf783581468ba18f9967254a7f3944e8b8c4cc7101e7d99b68f4f9dd5271")},
-        {2200000, uint256("0x0a8d0442f031f1258120f713f34e45f4f9a625fb753558e27b89b32ad5a9a740")},
-        {2205000, uint256("0xf7aa893ec012181e321783d6a5487addf6997377908faa3e760c9054a4217d29")},
-        {2206000, uint256("0x780ae878f8b10b6cbd51ceb2c0799c90d3551fa916be62974375071b9e36581c")},
-        {2207000, uint256("0x8836d67b0f08036c4a7c26ff0a29d4461a52b6d8f552165ad9c1abec2f3cadfd")},
-        {2208000, uint256("0xe4a19e8a29fa7aae47f7563377af3e896fee18ed069a64e325b8c2c6c820a1be")},
-        {2209000, uint256("0x04c78a6fc863bed918a9364c58c64489943b2e85d84ddb1ac2fba584f390d5dc")},
     };
 
     bool CheckHardened(int nHeight, const uint256& hash)
@@ -131,7 +118,7 @@ namespace Checkpoints
             if (t != mapBlockIndex.end())
                 return t->second;
         }
-        return NULL;
+        return nullptr;
     }
 
     // triangles: synchronized checkpoint (centrally broadcasted)
@@ -150,7 +137,7 @@ namespace Checkpoints
             error("GetSyncCheckpoint: block index missing for current sync-checkpoint %s", hashSyncCheckpoint.ToString().c_str());
         else
             return mapBlockIndex[hashSyncCheckpoint];
-        return NULL;
+        return nullptr;
     }
 
     // triangles: only descendant of current sync-checkpoint is allowed
@@ -198,7 +185,7 @@ namespace Checkpoints
 
     bool WriteSyncCheckpoint(const uint256& hashCheckpoint)
     {
-        CTxDB txdb;
+        auto txdb_holder = MakeChainDB(); CTxDBBase& txdb = *txdb_holder;
         txdb.TxnBegin();
         if (!txdb.WriteSyncCheckpoint(hashCheckpoint))
         {
@@ -224,7 +211,7 @@ namespace Checkpoints
                 return false;
             }
 
-            CTxDB txdb;
+            auto txdb_holder = MakeChainDB(); CTxDBBase& txdb = *txdb_holder;
             CBlockIndex* pindexCheckpoint = mapBlockIndex[hashPendingCheckpoint];
             if (!pindexCheckpoint->IsInMainChain())
             {
@@ -280,8 +267,8 @@ namespace Checkpoints
             return false;
         if (hashBlock == hashPendingCheckpoint)
             return true;
-        if (mapOrphanBlocks.count(hashPendingCheckpoint) 
-            && hashBlock == WantedByOrphan(mapOrphanBlocks[hashPendingCheckpoint]))
+        if (mapOrphanBlocks.count(hashPendingCheckpoint)
+            && hashBlock == WantedByOrphan(mapOrphanBlocks[hashPendingCheckpoint].get()))
             return true;
         return false;
     }
@@ -295,7 +282,7 @@ namespace Checkpoints
         {
             // checkpoint block accepted but not yet in main chain
             printf("ResetSyncCheckpoint: SetBestChain to hardened checkpoint %s\n", hash.ToString().c_str());
-            CTxDB txdb;
+            auto txdb_holder = MakeChainDB(); CTxDBBase& txdb = *txdb_holder;
             CBlock block;
             if (!block.ReadFromDisk(mapBlockIndex[hash]))
                 return error("ResetSyncCheckpoint: ReadFromDisk failed for hardened checkpoint %s", hash.ToString().c_str());
@@ -370,7 +357,7 @@ namespace Checkpoints
         if (!key.Sign(Hash(checkpoint.vchMsg.begin(), checkpoint.vchMsg.end()), checkpoint.vchSig))
             return error("SendSyncCheckpoint: Unable to sign checkpoint, check private key?");
 
-        if(!checkpoint.ProcessSyncCheckpoint(NULL))
+        if(!checkpoint.ProcessSyncCheckpoint(nullptr))
         {
             printf("WARNING: SendSyncCheckpoint: Failed to process checkpoint.\n");
             return false;
@@ -431,7 +418,7 @@ bool CSyncCheckpoint::ProcessSyncCheckpoint(CNode* pfrom)
             pfrom->PushGetBlocks(pindexBest, hashCheckpoint);
             // ask directly as well in case rejected earlier by duplicate
             // proof-of-stake because getblocks may not get it this time
-            pfrom->AskFor(CInv(MSG_BLOCK, mapOrphanBlocks.count(hashCheckpoint)? WantedByOrphan(mapOrphanBlocks[hashCheckpoint]) : hashCheckpoint));
+            pfrom->AskFor(CInv(MSG_BLOCK, mapOrphanBlocks.count(hashCheckpoint)? WantedByOrphan(mapOrphanBlocks[hashCheckpoint].get()) : hashCheckpoint));
         }
         return false;
     }
@@ -439,7 +426,7 @@ bool CSyncCheckpoint::ProcessSyncCheckpoint(CNode* pfrom)
     if (!Checkpoints::ValidateSyncCheckpoint(hashCheckpoint))
         return false;
 
-    CTxDB txdb;
+    auto txdb_holder = MakeChainDB(); CTxDBBase& txdb = *txdb_holder;
     CBlockIndex* pindexCheckpoint = mapBlockIndex[hashCheckpoint];
     if (!pindexCheckpoint->IsInMainChain())
     {

src/checkqueue.h

@@ -9,17 +9,17 @@
 #include <deque>
 #include <vector>
 
-#include <boost/thread/condition_variable.hpp>
-#include <boost/thread/mutex.hpp>
-#include <boost/thread/thread.hpp>
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <thread>
 
 template<typename T>
 class CCheckQueue
 {
 private:
-    boost::mutex mutex;
-    boost::condition_variable condWorker;
-    boost::condition_variable condMaster;
+    std::mutex mutex;
+    std::condition_variable condWorker;
+    std::condition_variable condMaster;
 
     std::deque<T> queue;
     unsigned int nIdle;
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ private:
 
     bool Loop(bool fMaster)
     {
-        boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex> lock(mutex);
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
         if (!fMaster)
             nTotal++;
         nIdle++;
@@ -72,10 +72,10 @@ private:
             nIdle--;
             lock.unlock();
 
-            for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vChecks.size(); i++)
+            for (auto& check : vChecks)
             {
                 if (fOk)
-                    fOk = vChecks[i]();
+                    fOk = check();
             }
             vChecks.clear();
 
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ public:
 
     void StartBatch()
     {
-        boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex> lock(mutex);
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
         fAllOk = true;
         nTodo = 0;
     }
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ public:
         if (vChecks.empty())
             return;
 
-        boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex> lock(mutex);
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
         for (typename std::vector<T>::iterator it = vChecks.begin(); it != vChecks.end(); ++it)
         {
             queue.push_back(T());
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ public:
 
     void Quit()
     {
-        boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex> lock(mutex);
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
         fQuit = true;
         condWorker.notify_all();
         condMaster.notify_all();

src/clientversion.h

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 // These need to be macros, as version.cpp's and triangles-qt.rc's voodoo requires it
 #define CLIENT_VERSION_MAJOR       5
 #define CLIENT_VERSION_MINOR       9
-#define CLIENT_VERSION_REVISION    5
+#define CLIENT_VERSION_REVISION    12
 #define CLIENT_VERSION_BUILD       0
 
 // Converts the parameter X to a string after macro replacement on X has been performed.

src/crypter.cpp

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ bool CCrypter::Encrypt(const CKeyingMaterial& vchPlaintext, std::vector<unsigned
 
     bool fOk = true;
 
-    if (fOk) fOk = EVP_EncryptInit_ex(ctx, EVP_aes_256_cbc(), NULL, chKey, chIV);
+    if (fOk) fOk = EVP_EncryptInit_ex(ctx, EVP_aes_256_cbc(), nullptr, chKey, chIV);
     if (fOk) fOk = EVP_EncryptUpdate(ctx, &vchCiphertext[0], &nCLen, &vchPlaintext[0], nLen);
     if (fOk) fOk = EVP_EncryptFinal_ex(ctx, (&vchCiphertext[0])+nCLen, &nFLen);
     EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ bool CCrypter::Decrypt(const std::vector<unsigned char>& vchCiphertext, CKeyingM
 
     bool fOk = true;
 
-    if (fOk) fOk = EVP_DecryptInit_ex(ctx, EVP_aes_256_cbc(), NULL, chKey, chIV);
+    if (fOk) fOk = EVP_DecryptInit_ex(ctx, EVP_aes_256_cbc(), nullptr, chKey, chIV);
     if (fOk) fOk = EVP_DecryptUpdate(ctx, &vchPlaintext[0], &nPLen, &vchCiphertext[0], nLen);
     if (fOk) fOk = EVP_DecryptFinal_ex(ctx, (&vchPlaintext[0])+nPLen, &nFLen);
     EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);

src/crypter.h

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
 #include "key.h"
 #include "serialize.h"
 
+#include <openssl/crypto.h> /* for OPENSSL_cleanse */
+
 const unsigned int WALLET_CRYPTO_KEY_SIZE = 32;
 const unsigned int WALLET_CRYPTO_SALT_SIZE = 8;
 
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ public:
 
 };
 
-typedef std::vector<unsigned char, secure_allocator<unsigned char> > CKeyingMaterial;
+using CKeyingMaterial = std::vector<unsigned char, secure_allocator<unsigned char>>;
 
 /** Encryption/decryption context with key information */
 class CCrypter

src/crypto_ecdh.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 The Triangles developers
+// Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
+// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
+
+#include "crypto_ecdh.h"
+
+#include <cstring>
+#include <mutex>
+
+#include <secp256k1.h>
+#include <secp256k1_ecdh.h>
+
+namespace {
+
+// One process-wide context is sufficient for ECDH — no signing or verification
+// flags needed. Created lazily on first use; libsecp256k1 contexts are
+// thread-safe for read-only operations like ECDH.
+secp256k1_context* GetECDHContext()
+{
+    static std::once_flag once;
+    static secp256k1_context* ctx = nullptr;
+    std::call_once(once, []() {
+        ctx = secp256k1_context_create(SECP256K1_CONTEXT_NONE);
+    });
+    return ctx;
+}
+
+// Hash function callback that returns the raw X coordinate of the shared
+// point. Mirrors OpenSSL's ECDH_compute_key behaviour when the KDF is nullptr.
+int hash_xonly(unsigned char* output,
+               const unsigned char* x32,
+               const unsigned char* /*y32*/,
+               void* /*data*/)
+{
+    std::memcpy(output, x32, 32);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
+bool ECDH_xonly_secp256k1(unsigned char out32[32],
+                          const unsigned char privkey32[32],
+                          const unsigned char* pubkey,
+                          std::size_t pubkey_len)
+{
+    if (pubkey_len != 33 && pubkey_len != 65) return false;
+
+    secp256k1_context* ctx = GetECDHContext();
+    if (!ctx) return false;
+
+    secp256k1_pubkey pk;
+    if (!secp256k1_ec_pubkey_parse(ctx, &pk, pubkey, pubkey_len))
+        return false;
+
+    return secp256k1_ecdh(ctx, out32, &pk, privkey32, hash_xonly, nullptr) == 1;
+}

src/crypto_ecdh.h

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 The Triangles developers
+// Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
+// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
+#ifndef TRIANGLES_CRYPTO_ECDH_H
+#define TRIANGLES_CRYPTO_ECDH_H
+
+#include <cstddef>
+
+/**
+ * Compute the shared secret X coordinate via secp256k1 ECDH.
+ *
+ * Output matches OpenSSL's ECDH_compute_key(buf, 32, peer_pub, our_priv, NULL)
+ * — i.e. the raw X coordinate of the shared point, with no KDF applied. This
+ * preserves bit-for-bit compatibility with smessage's existing key derivation
+ * (which feeds the X coordinate into SHA-512 itself), so historical encrypted
+ * messages remain decryptable after the migration off OpenSSL EC.
+ *
+ * @param out32       32-byte buffer for the shared X coordinate.
+ * @param privkey32   32-byte secret scalar (big-endian).
+ * @param pubkey      Peer public key, serialized as either 33 bytes (compressed)
+ *                    or 65 bytes (uncompressed).
+ * @param pubkey_len  33 or 65; any other length fails immediately.
+ * @return true on success, false if the public key is malformed or the
+ *         private key is invalid (zero / >= curve order).
+ */
+bool ECDH_xonly_secp256k1(unsigned char out32[32],
+                          const unsigned char privkey32[32],
+                          const unsigned char* pubkey,
+                          std::size_t pubkey_len);
+
+#endif // TRIANGLES_CRYPTO_ECDH_H

src/crypto_ecdsa.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,389 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 The Triangles developers
+// Copyright (c) 2015 Pieter Wuille (lax DER parser, MIT licence)
+// Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
+// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
+
+#include "crypto_ecdsa.h"
+
+#include <cstring>
+#include <mutex>
+
+#include <secp256k1.h>
+#include <secp256k1_recovery.h>
+
+namespace {
+
+// Combined VERIFY + SIGN context. libsecp256k1 contexts are thread-safe for
+// signing and verification once created. In libsecp256k1 >= 0.2 these flags
+// are accepted but increasingly no-ops; passing both keeps us compatible with
+// older versions still in distro packages.
+secp256k1_context* GetEcdsaContext()
+{
+    static std::once_flag once;
+    static secp256k1_context* ctx = nullptr;
+    std::call_once(once, []() {
+        ctx = secp256k1_context_create(SECP256K1_CONTEXT_VERIFY | SECP256K1_CONTEXT_SIGN);
+    });
+    return ctx;
+}
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Lax DER parser, vendored from Bitcoin Core (contrib/lax_der_parsing.c).
+//
+// libsecp256k1's strict parser rejects DER encodings that OpenSSL has
+// historically accepted: non-minimal length bytes, extra leading zeros on R/S,
+// negative integers, etc. Many such signatures already exist on chain. This
+// parser tolerates them, normalises (R, S) into a 64-byte compact buffer, and
+// hands that to libsecp256k1's compact-signature parser. Anything that still
+// fails to fit (e.g. R or S exceeding 32 bytes after stripping leading zeros)
+// is treated as zero so the verify call returns a clean failure rather than
+// crashing.
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+int ecdsa_signature_parse_der_lax(const secp256k1_context* ctx,
+                                  secp256k1_ecdsa_signature* sig,
+                                  const unsigned char* input,
+                                  std::size_t inputlen)
+{
+    std::size_t rpos, rlen, spos, slen;
+    std::size_t pos = 0;
+    std::size_t lenbyte;
+    unsigned char tmpsig[64] = {0};
+    int overflow = 0;
+
+    // Initialise sig with a parseable but invalid signature so the caller
+    // always gets a defined value back even on early-exit paths.
+    secp256k1_ecdsa_signature_parse_compact(ctx, sig, tmpsig);
+
+    // SEQUENCE tag.
+    if (pos == inputlen || input[pos] != 0x30) return 0;
+    pos++;
+
+    // SEQUENCE length (skipped — we trust the inner element lengths).
+    if (pos == inputlen) return 0;
+    lenbyte = input[pos++];
+    if (lenbyte & 0x80) {
+        lenbyte -= 0x80;
+        if (lenbyte > inputlen - pos) return 0;
+        pos += lenbyte;
+    }
+
+    // R: INTEGER tag.
+    if (pos == inputlen || input[pos] != 0x02) return 0;
+    pos++;
+
+    // R: length.
+    if (pos == inputlen) return 0;
+    lenbyte = input[pos++];
+    if (lenbyte & 0x80) {
+        lenbyte -= 0x80;
+        if (lenbyte > inputlen - pos) return 0;
+        while (lenbyte > 0 && input[pos] == 0) { pos++; lenbyte--; }
+        if (lenbyte >= sizeof(std::size_t)) return 0;
+        rlen = 0;
+        while (lenbyte > 0) { rlen = (rlen << 8) + input[pos]; pos++; lenbyte--; }
+    } else {
+        rlen = lenbyte;
+    }
+    if (rlen > inputlen - pos) return 0;
+    rpos = pos;
+    pos += rlen;
+
+    // S: INTEGER tag.
+    if (pos == inputlen || input[pos] != 0x02) return 0;
+    pos++;
+
+    // S: length.
+    if (pos == inputlen) return 0;
+    lenbyte = input[pos++];
+    if (lenbyte & 0x80) {
+        lenbyte -= 0x80;
+        if (lenbyte > inputlen - pos) return 0;
+        while (lenbyte > 0 && input[pos] == 0) { pos++; lenbyte--; }
+        if (lenbyte >= sizeof(std::size_t)) return 0;
+        slen = 0;
+        while (lenbyte > 0) { slen = (slen << 8) + input[pos]; pos++; lenbyte--; }
+    } else {
+        slen = lenbyte;
+    }
+    if (slen > inputlen - pos) return 0;
+    spos = pos;
+
+    // Strip leading zeros from R and place right-aligned in tmpsig[0..32).
+    while (rlen > 0 && input[rpos] == 0) { rlen--; rpos++; }
+    if (rlen > 32) {
+        overflow = 1;
+    } else {
+        std::memcpy(tmpsig + 32 - rlen, input + rpos, rlen);
+    }
+
+    // Strip leading zeros from S and place right-aligned in tmpsig[32..64).
+    while (slen > 0 && input[spos] == 0) { slen--; spos++; }
+    if (slen > 32) {
+        overflow = 1;
+    } else {
+        std::memcpy(tmpsig + 64 - slen, input + spos, slen);
+    }
+
+    if (!overflow) {
+        overflow = !secp256k1_ecdsa_signature_parse_compact(ctx, sig, tmpsig);
+    }
+    if (overflow) {
+        std::memset(tmpsig, 0, 64);
+        secp256k1_ecdsa_signature_parse_compact(ctx, sig, tmpsig);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
+bool ECDSA_verify_secp256k1(const unsigned char hash32[32],
+                            const unsigned char* sig, std::size_t sig_len,
+                            const unsigned char* pubkey, std::size_t pubkey_len)
+{
+    if (sig_len == 0)                           return false;
+    if (pubkey_len != 33 && pubkey_len != 65)   return false;
+
+    secp256k1_context* ctx = GetEcdsaContext();
+    if (!ctx) return false;
+
+    secp256k1_pubkey pk;
+    if (!secp256k1_ec_pubkey_parse(ctx, &pk, pubkey, pubkey_len))
+        return false;
+
+    secp256k1_ecdsa_signature parsed_sig;
+    if (!ecdsa_signature_parse_der_lax(ctx, &parsed_sig, sig, sig_len))
+        return false;
+
+    return secp256k1_ecdsa_verify(ctx, &parsed_sig, hash32, &pk) == 1;
+}
+
+bool ECDSA_sign_secp256k1(unsigned char* out, std::size_t* out_len,
+                          const unsigned char hash32[32],
+                          const unsigned char privkey32[32])
+{
+    if (!out || !out_len) return false;
+    secp256k1_context* ctx = GetEcdsaContext();
+    if (!ctx) return false;
+
+    secp256k1_ecdsa_signature sig;
+    if (!secp256k1_ecdsa_sign(ctx, &sig, hash32, privkey32, nullptr, nullptr))
+        return false;
+
+    return secp256k1_ecdsa_signature_serialize_der(ctx, out, out_len, &sig) == 1;
+}
+
+bool ECDSA_sign_compact_secp256k1(unsigned char out65[65],
+                                  const unsigned char hash32[32],
+                                  const unsigned char privkey32[32],
+                                  bool fCompressed)
+{
+    secp256k1_context* ctx = GetEcdsaContext();
+    if (!ctx) return false;
+
+    secp256k1_ecdsa_recoverable_signature recsig;
+    if (!secp256k1_ecdsa_sign_recoverable(ctx, &recsig, hash32, privkey32, nullptr, nullptr))
+        return false;
+
+    int recid = -1;
+    if (!secp256k1_ecdsa_recoverable_signature_serialize_compact(ctx, &out65[1], &recid, &recsig))
+        return false;
+    if (recid < 0 || recid > 3) return false;
+
+    out65[0] = static_cast<unsigned char>(27 + recid + (fCompressed ? 4 : 0));
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool ECDSA_recover_compact_secp256k1(unsigned char* pubkey_out,
+                                     std::size_t* pubkey_len_out,
+                                     const unsigned char hash32[32],
+                                     const unsigned char sig65[65])
+{
+    if (!pubkey_out || !pubkey_len_out) return false;
+
+    int header = sig65[0];
+    if (header < 27 || header >= 35) return false;
+    bool fCompressed = (header >= 31);
+    int recid = (header - 27) & 0x3;
+
+    secp256k1_context* ctx = GetEcdsaContext();
+    if (!ctx) return false;
+
+    secp256k1_ecdsa_recoverable_signature recsig;
+    if (!secp256k1_ecdsa_recoverable_signature_parse_compact(ctx, &recsig, &sig65[1], recid))
+        return false;
+
+    secp256k1_pubkey pk;
+    if (!secp256k1_ecdsa_recover(ctx, &pk, &recsig, hash32))
+        return false;
+
+    std::size_t out_len = fCompressed ? 33 : 65;
+    if (!secp256k1_ec_pubkey_serialize(ctx, pubkey_out, &out_len, &pk,
+                                        fCompressed ? SECP256K1_EC_COMPRESSED
+                                                    : SECP256K1_EC_UNCOMPRESSED))
+        return false;
+
+    *pubkey_len_out = out_len;
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool ECDSA_seckey_verify_secp256k1(const unsigned char privkey32[32])
+{
+    secp256k1_context* ctx = GetEcdsaContext();
+    if (!ctx) return false;
+    return secp256k1_ec_seckey_verify(ctx, privkey32) == 1;
+}
+
+bool ECDSA_pubkey_verify_secp256k1(const unsigned char* pubkey, std::size_t pubkey_len)
+{
+    if (pubkey_len != 33 && pubkey_len != 65) return false;
+    secp256k1_context* ctx = GetEcdsaContext();
+    if (!ctx) return false;
+    secp256k1_pubkey pk;
+    return secp256k1_ec_pubkey_parse(ctx, &pk, pubkey, pubkey_len) == 1;
+}
+
+bool ECDSA_pubkey_from_privkey_secp256k1(unsigned char* out, std::size_t* out_len_out,
+                                         const unsigned char privkey32[32],
+                                         bool fCompressed)
+{
+    if (!out || !out_len_out) return false;
+    secp256k1_context* ctx = GetEcdsaContext();
+    if (!ctx) return false;
+
+    secp256k1_pubkey pk;
+    if (!secp256k1_ec_pubkey_create(ctx, &pk, privkey32))
+        return false;
+
+    std::size_t len = fCompressed ? 33 : 65;
+    if (!secp256k1_ec_pubkey_serialize(ctx, out, &len, &pk,
+                                        fCompressed ? SECP256K1_EC_COMPRESSED
+                                                    : SECP256K1_EC_UNCOMPRESSED))
+        return false;
+    *out_len_out = len;
+    return true;
+}
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// SEC1 / RFC-5915 DER codec for secp256k1 ECPrivateKey
+//
+// Vendored from Bitcoin Core (src/key.cpp), MIT-licensed. The decoder is lax
+// about details (matches OpenSSL's d2i_ECPrivateKey lenience); the encoder
+// writes the exact byte layout that OpenSSL's i2d_ECPrivateKey produces for
+// this curve so wallet.dat records remain interchangeable across versions.
+//
+//   Compressed pubkey:   214 bytes
+//   Uncompressed pubkey: 279 bytes
+//
+// The static templates below carry every byte except the 32-byte private
+// scalar and the public key bytes, which are spliced into the precomputed
+// offsets at encode time.
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+namespace {
+
+const unsigned char der_template_compressed[214] = {
+    0x30,0x81,0xD3,0x02,0x01,0x01,0x04,0x20,
+    /* private key (32 bytes) at offset 8 */
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
+    0xA0,0x81,0x85,0x30,0x81,0x82,0x02,0x01,0x01,0x30,0x2C,0x06,0x07,0x2A,0x86,0x48,
+    0xCE,0x3D,0x01,0x01,0x02,0x21,0x00,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
+    0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFE,0xFF,0xFF,0xFC,0x2F,0x30,0x06,0x04,0x01,0x00,
+    0x04,0x01,0x07,0x04,0x21,0x02,0x79,0xBE,0x66,0x7E,0xF9,0xDC,0xBB,0xAC,0x55,0xA0,
+    0x62,0x95,0xCE,0x87,0x0B,0x07,0x02,0x9B,0xFC,0xDB,0x2D,0xCE,0x28,0xD9,0x59,0xF2,
+    0x81,0x5B,0x16,0xF8,0x17,0x98,0x02,0x21,0x00,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
+    0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFE,0xBA,0xAE,0xDC,0xE6,0xAF,0x48,0xA0,
+    0x3B,0xBF,0xD2,0x5E,0x8C,0xD0,0x36,0x41,0x41,0x02,0x01,0x01,0xA1,0x24,0x03,0x22,
+    0x00,
+    /* compressed pubkey (33 bytes) at offset 181 */
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
+};
+
+const unsigned char der_template_uncompressed[279] = {
+    0x30,0x82,0x01,0x13,0x02,0x01,0x01,0x04,0x20,
+    /* private key (32 bytes) at offset 9 */
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
+    0xA0,0x81,0xA5,0x30,0x81,0xA2,0x02,0x01,0x01,0x30,0x2C,0x06,0x07,0x2A,0x86,0x48,
+    0xCE,0x3D,0x01,0x01,0x02,0x21,0x00,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
+    0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFE,0xFF,0xFF,0xFC,0x2F,0x30,0x06,0x04,0x01,0x00,
+    0x04,0x01,0x07,0x04,0x41,0x04,0x79,0xBE,0x66,0x7E,0xF9,0xDC,0xBB,0xAC,0x55,0xA0,
+    0x62,0x95,0xCE,0x87,0x0B,0x07,0x02,0x9B,0xFC,0xDB,0x2D,0xCE,0x28,0xD9,0x59,0xF2,
+    0x81,0x5B,0x16,0xF8,0x17,0x98,0x48,0x3A,0xDA,0x77,0x26,0xA3,0xC4,0x65,0x5D,0xA4,
+    0xFB,0xFC,0x0E,0x11,0x08,0xA8,0xFD,0x17,0xB4,0x48,0xA6,0x85,0x54,0x19,0x9C,0x47,
+    0xD0,0x8F,0xFB,0x10,0xD4,0xB8,0x02,0x21,0x00,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
+    0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFE,0xBA,0xAE,0xDC,0xE6,0xAF,0x48,0xA0,
+    0x3B,0xBF,0xD2,0x5E,0x8C,0xD0,0x36,0x41,0x41,0x02,0x01,0x01,0xA1,0x44,0x03,0x42,
+    0x00,
+    /* uncompressed pubkey (65 bytes) at offset 214 */
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
+    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
+    0
+};
+
+} // namespace
+
+bool ECDSA_privkey_export_der_secp256k1(unsigned char* out, std::size_t* out_len_out,
+                                        const unsigned char privkey32[32],
+                                        bool fCompressed)
+{
+    if (!out || !out_len_out) return false;
+
+    secp256k1_context* ctx = GetEcdsaContext();
+    if (!ctx) return false;
+
+    secp256k1_pubkey pk;
+    if (!secp256k1_ec_pubkey_create(ctx, &pk, privkey32))
+        return false;
+
+    if (fCompressed) {
+        std::memcpy(out, der_template_compressed, sizeof(der_template_compressed));
+        std::memcpy(out + 8, privkey32, 32);
+        std::size_t pub_len = 33;
+        if (!secp256k1_ec_pubkey_serialize(ctx, out + 181, &pub_len, &pk, SECP256K1_EC_COMPRESSED))
+            return false;
+        *out_len_out = sizeof(der_template_compressed);
+    } else {
+        std::memcpy(out, der_template_uncompressed, sizeof(der_template_uncompressed));
+        std::memcpy(out + 9, privkey32, 32);
+        std::size_t pub_len = 65;
+        if (!secp256k1_ec_pubkey_serialize(ctx, out + 214, &pub_len, &pk, SECP256K1_EC_UNCOMPRESSED))
+            return false;
+        *out_len_out = sizeof(der_template_uncompressed);
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool ECDSA_privkey_import_der_secp256k1(unsigned char privkey32_out[32],
+                                        const unsigned char* der, std::size_t der_len)
+{
+    // Lax SEC1/RFC-5915 ECPrivateKey parser. We only need to find the OCTET
+    // STRING containing the private key scalar; everything else (curve params,
+    // optional public key) is informational. Mirrors Bitcoin Core's
+    // ec_privkey_import_der.
+    const unsigned char* end = der + der_len;
+    if (end < der + 1 || *(der++) != 0x30) return false;
+
+    // Outer SEQUENCE length — variable length encoding.
+    if (der >= end) return false;
+    int lenb = *(der++);
+    if (lenb < 0x80) {
+        // short form, ignore
+    } else {
+        int n = lenb & 0x7F;
+        if (n == 0 || n > 2) return false;
+        if (der + n > end) return false;
+        der += n;
+    }
+
+    // Version INTEGER (1).
+    if (der + 3 > end || der[0] != 0x02 || der[1] != 0x01 || der[2] != 0x01) return false;
+    der += 3;
+
+    // privateKey OCTET STRING (length 32).
+    if (der + 2 > end || der[0] != 0x04 || der[1] != 0x20) return false;
+    der += 2;
+    if (der + 32 > end) return false;
+    std::memcpy(privkey32_out, der, 32);
+
+    // Validate the result against the curve order; reject zero / >= n.
+    return ECDSA_seckey_verify_secp256k1(privkey32_out);
+}

src/crypto_ecdsa.h

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 The Triangles developers
+// Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
+// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
+#ifndef TRIANGLES_CRYPTO_ECDSA_H
+#define TRIANGLES_CRYPTO_ECDSA_H
+
+#include <cstddef>
+
+/**
+ * Verify a DER-encoded secp256k1 ECDSA signature using libsecp256k1.
+ *
+ * Drop-in replacement for OpenSSL's
+ *   ECDSA_verify(0, hash, 32, sig, sig_len, pkey)
+ * with one important caveat baked in: the DER input is parsed *laxly*
+ * (Bitcoin Core's `lax_der_parsing` algorithm), so historical non-canonical
+ * encodings already on chain — extra padding, leading zeros, length-byte
+ * quirks that OpenSSL's permissive ASN.1 reader once accepted — continue
+ * to verify. Strict-DER-only parsing here would silently fork the chain.
+ *
+ * High-S signatures are accepted (libsecp256k1's verify behaviour by default).
+ * No malleability check is applied; that is policy and lives elsewhere.
+ *
+ * @param hash32      32-byte message hash to verify against.
+ * @param sig         DER-encoded signature bytes.
+ * @param sig_len     Length of `sig`.
+ * @param pubkey      Serialized public key (33 bytes compressed or 65 uncompressed).
+ * @param pubkey_len  33 or 65; any other length fails immediately.
+ * @return true iff the signature is valid for (hash32, pubkey).
+ */
+bool ECDSA_verify_secp256k1(const unsigned char hash32[32],
+                            const unsigned char* sig, std::size_t sig_len,
+                            const unsigned char* pubkey, std::size_t pubkey_len);
+
+/**
+ * Sign `hash32` with `privkey32` and write a DER-encoded signature to `out`.
+ *
+ * libsecp256k1 uses RFC 6979 deterministic nonces, so signature bytes will
+ * differ from OpenSSL's random-nonce output for the same key+hash, but any
+ * resulting signature is equally valid. Low-S is enforced automatically.
+ *
+ * @param out         Output buffer; must be at least `*out_len` bytes.
+ *                    libsecp256k1 produces at most 72 bytes of DER.
+ * @param out_len     In: capacity of `out`. Out: bytes actually written.
+ * @param hash32      32-byte message hash to sign.
+ * @param privkey32   32-byte secret scalar.
+ * @return true on success.
+ */
+bool ECDSA_sign_secp256k1(unsigned char* out, std::size_t* out_len,
+                          const unsigned char hash32[32],
+                          const unsigned char privkey32[32]);
+
+/**
+ * Produce a 65-byte recoverable compact signature.
+ *
+ * Output layout matches the existing wire format:
+ *   out[0]      = 27 + recid + (fCompressed ? 4 : 0)
+ *   out[1..33)  = R (big-endian, 32 bytes)
+ *   out[33..65) = S (big-endian, 32 bytes)
+ *
+ * @param out65        65-byte output buffer.
+ * @param hash32       32-byte message hash to sign.
+ * @param privkey32    32-byte secret scalar.
+ * @param fCompressed  Whether the matching public key is compressed; affects
+ *                     the recid offset in the header byte.
+ * @return true on success.
+ */
+bool ECDSA_sign_compact_secp256k1(unsigned char out65[65],
+                                  const unsigned char hash32[32],
+                                  const unsigned char privkey32[32],
+                                  bool fCompressed);
+
+/**
+ * Recover the signing public key from a 65-byte compact signature (as produced
+ * by ECDSA_sign_compact_secp256k1) and a message hash.
+ *
+ * The header byte's "compressed" flag determines whether the recovered key is
+ * serialized as 33 bytes (compressed) or 65 bytes (uncompressed).
+ *
+ * @param pubkey_out      Output buffer; needs at least 65 bytes capacity.
+ * @param pubkey_len_out  Receives the actual serialized length (33 or 65).
+ * @param hash32          32-byte message hash that was signed.
+ * @param sig65           65-byte compact signature.
+ * @return true if recovery succeeded.
+ */
+bool ECDSA_recover_compact_secp256k1(unsigned char* pubkey_out,
+                                     std::size_t* pubkey_len_out,
+                                     const unsigned char hash32[32],
+                                     const unsigned char sig65[65]);
+
+/** Return true iff `privkey32` is a valid secp256k1 secret (in (0, n)). */
+bool ECDSA_seckey_verify_secp256k1(const unsigned char privkey32[32]);
+
+/** Return true iff `pubkey/pubkey_len` parses as a valid secp256k1 point. */
+bool ECDSA_pubkey_verify_secp256k1(const unsigned char* pubkey, std::size_t pubkey_len);
+
+/**
+ * Derive the public key for `privkey32` and serialize it.
+ * @param out          Output buffer; must be at least 65 bytes.
+ * @param out_len_out  Receives the actual length (33 or 65).
+ * @param privkey32    32-byte secret scalar.
+ * @param fCompressed  Whether to serialize compressed (33B) or uncompressed (65B).
+ * @return true on success.
+ */
+bool ECDSA_pubkey_from_privkey_secp256k1(unsigned char* out, std::size_t* out_len_out,
+                                         const unsigned char privkey32[32],
+                                         bool fCompressed);
+
+/**
+ * SEC1/RFC-5915 DER ECPrivateKey encoder/decoder for the secp256k1 curve.
+ * Output bytes match the layout produced by OpenSSL's i2d_ECPrivateKey on this
+ * curve (compressed = 214 bytes, uncompressed = 279 bytes), so wallet.dat
+ * records written by previous OpenSSL-EC builds remain readable, and records
+ * we write remain readable by older OpenSSL-based builds.
+ */
+bool ECDSA_privkey_export_der_secp256k1(unsigned char* out, std::size_t* out_len_out,
+                                        const unsigned char privkey32[32],
+                                        bool fCompressed);
+bool ECDSA_privkey_import_der_secp256k1(unsigned char privkey32_out[32],
+                                        const unsigned char* der, std::size_t der_len);
+
+#endif // TRIANGLES_CRYPTO_ECDSA_H

src/db.cpp

@@ -8,16 +8,15 @@
 #include "util.h"
 #include "main.h"
 #include "ui_interface.h"
-#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
-#include <boost/filesystem/fstream.hpp>
+#include <filesystem>
+#include <fstream>
 
 #ifndef WIN32
 #include "sys/stat.h"
 #endif
 
 using namespace std;
-using namespace boost;
-namespace fs = boost::filesystem;
+namespace fs = std::filesystem;
 
 
 unsigned int nWalletDBUpdated;
@@ -134,7 +133,7 @@ void CDBEnv::MakeMock()
 #ifdef DB_LOG_IN_MEMORY
     dbenv.log_set_config(DB_LOG_IN_MEMORY, 1);
 #endif
-    int ret = dbenv.open(NULL,
+    int ret = dbenv.open(nullptr,
                      DB_CREATE     |
                      DB_INIT_LOCK  |
                      DB_INIT_LOG   |
@@ -156,10 +155,10 @@ CDBEnv::VerifyResult CDBEnv::Verify(std::string strFile, bool (*recoverFunc)(CDB
     assert(mapFileUseCount.count(strFile) == 0);
 
     Db db(&dbenv, 0);
-    int result = db.verify(strFile.c_str(), NULL, NULL, 0);
+    int result = db.verify(strFile.c_str(), nullptr, nullptr, 0);
     if (result == 0)
         return VERIFY_OK;
-    else if (recoverFunc == NULL)
+    else if (recoverFunc == nullptr)
         return RECOVER_FAIL;
 
     // Try to recover:
@@ -179,7 +178,7 @@ bool CDBEnv::Salvage(std::string strFile, bool fAggressive,
     stringstream strDump;
 
     Db db(&dbenv, 0);
-    int result = db.verify(strFile.c_str(), NULL, &strDump, flags);
+    int result = db.verify(strFile.c_str(), nullptr, &strDump, flags);
     if (result == DB_VERIFY_BAD)
     {
         printf("Error: Salvage found errors, all data may not be recoverable.\n");
@@ -232,10 +231,10 @@ void CDBEnv::CheckpointLSN(std::string strFile)
 
 
 CDB::CDB(const char *pszFile, const char* pszMode) :
-    pdb(NULL), activeTxn(NULL)
+    pdb(nullptr), activeTxn(nullptr)
 {
     int ret;
-    if (pszFile == NULL)
+    if (pszFile == nullptr)
         return;
 
     fReadOnly = (!strchr(pszMode, '+') && !strchr(pszMode, 'w'));
@@ -252,7 +251,7 @@ CDB::CDB(const char *pszFile, const char* pszMode) :
         strFile = pszFile;
         ++bitdb.mapFileUseCount[strFile];
         pdb = bitdb.mapDb[strFile];
-        if (pdb == NULL)
+        if (pdb == nullptr)
         {
             pdb = new Db(&bitdb.dbenv, 0);
 
@@ -265,8 +264,8 @@ CDB::CDB(const char *pszFile, const char* pszMode) :
                     throw runtime_error(strprintf("CDB() : failed to configure for no temp file backing for database %s", pszFile));
             }
 
-            ret = pdb->open(NULL,      // Txn pointer
-                            fMockDb ? NULL : pszFile,   // Filename
+            ret = pdb->open(nullptr,      // Txn pointer
+                            fMockDb ? nullptr : pszFile,   // Filename
                             "main",    // Logical db name
                             DB_BTREE,  // Database type
                             nFlags,    // Flags
@@ -275,7 +274,7 @@ CDB::CDB(const char *pszFile, const char* pszMode) :
             if (ret != 0)
             {
                 delete pdb;
-                pdb = NULL;
+                pdb = nullptr;
                 --bitdb.mapFileUseCount[strFile];
                 strFile = "";
                 throw runtime_error(strprintf("CDB() : can't open database file %s, error %d", pszFile, ret));
@@ -308,8 +307,8 @@ void CDB::Close()
         return;
     if (activeTxn)
         activeTxn->abort();
-    activeTxn = NULL;
-    pdb = NULL;
+    activeTxn = nullptr;
+    pdb = nullptr;
 
     // Flush database activity from memory pool to disk log
     unsigned int nMinutes = 0;
@@ -332,13 +331,13 @@ void CDBEnv::CloseDb(const string& strFile)
 {
     {
         LOCK(cs_db);
-        if (mapDb[strFile] != NULL)
+        if (mapDb[strFile] != nullptr)
         {
             // Close the database handle
             Db* pdb = mapDb[strFile];
             pdb->close(0);
             delete pdb;
-            mapDb[strFile] = NULL;
+            mapDb[strFile] = nullptr;
         }
     }
 }
@@ -348,7 +347,7 @@ bool CDBEnv::RemoveDb(const string& strFile)
     this->CloseDb(strFile);
 
     LOCK(cs_db);
-    int rc = dbenv.dbremove(NULL, strFile.c_str(), NULL, DB_AUTO_COMMIT);
+    int rc = dbenv.dbremove(nullptr, strFile.c_str(), nullptr, DB_AUTO_COMMIT);
     return (rc == 0);
 }
 
@@ -372,7 +371,7 @@ bool CDB::Rewrite(const string& strFile, const char* pszSkip)
                     CDB db(strFile.c_str(), "r");
                     Db* pdbCopy = new Db(&bitdb.dbenv, 0);
 
-                    int ret = pdbCopy->open(NULL,                 // Txn pointer
+                    int ret = pdbCopy->open(nullptr,                 // Txn pointer
                                             strFileRes.c_str(),   // Filename
                                             "main",    // Logical db name
                                             DB_BTREE,  // Database type
@@ -413,7 +412,7 @@ bool CDB::Rewrite(const string& strFile, const char* pszSkip)
                             }
                             Dbt datKey(&ssKey[0], ssKey.size());
                             Dbt datValue(&ssValue[0], ssValue.size());
-                            int ret2 = pdbCopy->put(NULL, &datKey, &datValue, DB_NOOVERWRITE);
+                            int ret2 = pdbCopy->put(nullptr, &datKey, &datValue, DB_NOOVERWRITE);
                             if (ret2 > 0)
                                 fSuccess = false;
                         }
@@ -429,10 +428,10 @@ bool CDB::Rewrite(const string& strFile, const char* pszSkip)
                 if (fSuccess)
                 {
                     Db dbA(&bitdb.dbenv, 0);
-                    if (dbA.remove(strFile.c_str(), NULL, 0))
+                    if (dbA.remove(strFile.c_str(), nullptr, 0))
                         fSuccess = false;
                     Db dbB(&bitdb.dbenv, 0);
-                    if (dbB.rename(strFileRes.c_str(), NULL, strFile.c_str(), 0))
+                    if (dbB.rename(strFileRes.c_str(), nullptr, strFile.c_str(), 0))
                         fSuccess = false;
                 }
                 if (!fSuccess)

src/db.h

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 
 #include "main.h"
 
+#include <filesystem>
 #include <map>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ extern unsigned int nWalletDBUpdated;
 
 void ThreadFlushWalletDB(void* parg);
 bool BackupWallet(const CWallet& wallet, const std::string& strDest);
-bool AutoBackupWallet(const boost::filesystem::path& walletPath);
+bool AutoBackupWallet(const std::filesystem::path& walletPath);
 
 
 class CDBEnv
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ private:
     bool fDetachDB;
     bool fDbEnvInit;
     bool fMockDb;
-    boost::filesystem::path pathEnv;
+    std::filesystem::path pathEnv;
     std::string strPath;
 
     void EnvShutdown();
@@ -71,7 +72,7 @@ public:
     typedef std::pair<std::vector<unsigned char>, std::vector<unsigned char> > KeyValPair;
     bool Salvage(std::string strFile, bool fAggressive, std::vector<KeyValPair>& vResult);
 
-    bool Open(boost::filesystem::path pathEnv_);
+    bool Open(std::filesystem::path pathEnv_);
     void Close();
     void Flush(bool fShutdown);
     void CheckpointLSN(std::string strFile);
@@ -83,10 +84,10 @@ public:
 
     DbTxn *TxnBegin(int flags=DB_TXN_WRITE_NOSYNC)
     {
-        DbTxn* ptxn = NULL;
-        int ret = dbenv.txn_begin(NULL, &ptxn, flags);
+        DbTxn* ptxn = nullptr;
+        int ret = dbenv.txn_begin(nullptr, &ptxn, flags);
         if (!ptxn || ret != 0)
-            return NULL;
+            return nullptr;
         return ptxn;
     }
 };
@@ -129,7 +130,7 @@ protected:
         datValue.set_flags(DB_DBT_MALLOC);
         int ret = pdb->get(activeTxn, &datKey, &datValue, 0);
         memset(datKey.get_data(), 0, datKey.get_size());
-        if (datValue.get_data() == NULL)
+        if (datValue.get_data() == nullptr)
             return false;
 
         // Unserialize value
@@ -221,11 +222,11 @@ protected:
     Dbc* GetCursor()
     {
         if (!pdb)
-            return NULL;
-        Dbc* pcursor = NULL;
-        int ret = pdb->cursor(NULL, &pcursor, 0);
+            return nullptr;
+        Dbc* pcursor = nullptr;
+        int ret = pdb->cursor(nullptr, &pcursor, 0);
         if (ret != 0)
-            return NULL;
+            return nullptr;
         return pcursor;
     }
 
@@ -249,7 +250,7 @@ protected:
         int ret = pcursor->get(&datKey, &datValue, fFlags);
         if (ret != 0)
             return ret;
-        else if (datKey.get_data() == NULL || datValue.get_data() == NULL)
+        else if (datKey.get_data() == nullptr || datValue.get_data() == nullptr)
             return 99999;
 
         // Convert to streams
@@ -285,7 +286,7 @@ public:
         if (!pdb || !activeTxn)
             return false;
         int ret = activeTxn->commit(0);
-        activeTxn = NULL;
+        activeTxn = nullptr;
         return (ret == 0);
     }
 
@@ -294,7 +295,7 @@ public:
         if (!pdb || !activeTxn)
             return false;
         int ret = activeTxn->abort();
-        activeTxn = NULL;
+        activeTxn = nullptr;
         return (ret == 0);
     }
 
@@ -309,7 +310,7 @@ public:
         return Write(std::string("version"), nVersion);
     }
 
-    bool static Rewrite(const std::string& strFile, const char* pszSkip = NULL);
+    bool static Rewrite(const std::string& strFile, const char* pszSkip = nullptr);
 };
 
 
@@ -317,7 +318,7 @@ public:
 class CAddrDB
 {
 private:
-    boost::filesystem::path pathAddr;
+    std::filesystem::path pathAddr;
 public:
     CAddrDB();
     bool Write(const CAddrMan& addr);

src/init.cpp

@@ -24,37 +24,48 @@
 #endif
 #include "notificationqueue.h"
 #include "addressindex.h"
-#include <boost/thread.hpp>
-#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
-#include <boost/filesystem/fstream.hpp>
-// boost/filesystem/convenience.hpp removed in modern Boost; functionality is in filesystem.hpp
+#include "chaindb_migrate.h"
+#include <memory>
+#include <thread>
+#include <vector>
+#include <filesystem>
+#include <fstream>
 #include <boost/interprocess/sync/file_lock.hpp>
-#include <boost/algorithm/string/predicate.hpp>
 #include <openssl/crypto.h>
 
 #ifndef WIN32
 #include <signal.h>
 #endif
 
+// Windows.h (transitively included) defines these as macros, clobbering Checkpoints:: enum values.
+#ifdef STRICT
+#undef STRICT
+#endif
+#ifdef ADVISORY
+#undef ADVISORY
+#endif
+#ifdef PERMISSIVE
+#undef PERMISSIVE
+#endif
 
 using namespace std;
 using namespace boost;
-namespace fs = boost::filesystem;
+namespace fs = std::filesystem;
 
-CWallet* pwalletMain;
+std::unique_ptr<CWallet> pwalletMain;
 CClientUIInterface uiInterface;
 std::string strWalletFileName;
 bool fConfChange;
 bool fEnforceCanonical;
 unsigned int nNodeLifespan;
 unsigned int nDerivationMethodIndex;
-//unsigned int nMinerSleep;
+
 bool fUseFastIndex;
 enum Checkpoints::CPMode CheckpointsMode;
 
 static CCriticalSection cs_DeferredStartup;
 static bool fDeferredStartupRunning = false;
-static boost::thread_group* pScriptCheckThreads = NULL;
+static std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::thread>> pScriptCheckThreads;
 
 static void ThreadScriptCheck()
 {
@@ -99,7 +110,7 @@ fRequestShutdown = true;
     uiInterface.QueueShutdown();
 #else
     // Without UI, Shutdown() can simply be started in a new thread
-    NewThread(Shutdown, NULL);
+    NewThread(Shutdown, nullptr);
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -168,7 +179,7 @@ void ThreadDeferredStartup(void* parg)
     }
     catch (...)
     {
-        PrintExceptionContinue(NULL, "ThreadDeferredStartup()");
+        PrintExceptionContinue(nullptr, "ThreadDeferredStartup()");
     }
 
     {
@@ -223,12 +234,11 @@ void Shutdown(void* parg)
             pScriptCheckQueue->Quit();
             if (pScriptCheckThreads)
             {
-                pScriptCheckThreads->join_all();
-                delete pScriptCheckThreads;
-                pScriptCheckThreads = NULL;
+                for (std::thread& t : *pScriptCheckThreads)
+                    if (t.joinable()) t.join();
+                pScriptCheckThreads.reset();
             }
-            delete pScriptCheckQueue;
-            pScriptCheckQueue = NULL;
+            pScriptCheckQueue.reset();
         }
 
         // NOW safe to destroy Tor state - all threads have stopped
@@ -240,24 +250,24 @@ void Shutdown(void* parg)
         {
             pzmqNotifier->Shutdown();
             delete pzmqNotifier;
-            pzmqNotifier = NULL;
+            pzmqNotifier = nullptr;
         }
 #endif
 
         if (pNotificationQueue)
         {
             delete pNotificationQueue;
-            pNotificationQueue = NULL;
+            pNotificationQueue = nullptr;
         }
 
-//        CTxDB().Close();
+//        MakeChainDB()->Close();
         bitdb.Flush(false);
         bitdb.Flush(true);
         fs::remove(GetPidFile());
-        UnregisterWallet(pwalletMain);
-        delete pwalletMain;
+        UnregisterWallet(pwalletMain.get());
+        pwalletMain.reset();
         // DB is flushed and wallet saved - safe to force-exit if something hangs
-        NewThread(ExitTimeout, NULL);
+        NewThread(ExitTimeout, nullptr);
         MilliSleep(50);
         printf("Triangles exited\n\n");
         fExit = true;
@@ -307,7 +317,7 @@ bool AppInit(int argc, char* argv[])
         if (!fs::is_directory(GetDataDir(false)))
         {
             fprintf(stderr, "Error: Specified directory does not exist\n");
-            Shutdown(NULL);
+            Shutdown(nullptr);
         }
         ReadConfigFile(mapArgs, mapMultiArgs);
 
@@ -329,7 +339,7 @@ bool AppInit(int argc, char* argv[])
 
         // Command-line RPC
         for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++)
-            if (!IsSwitchChar(argv[i][0]) && !boost::algorithm::istarts_with(argv[i], "Triangles:"))
+            if (!IsSwitchChar(argv[i][0]) && !std::equal(std::begin("Triangles:"), std::end("Triangles:") - 1, argv[i], [](char a, char b) { return std::tolower(static_cast<unsigned char>(a)) == std::tolower(static_cast<unsigned char>(b)); }))
                 fCommandLine = true;
 
         if (fCommandLine)
@@ -343,10 +353,10 @@ bool AppInit(int argc, char* argv[])
     catch (std::exception& e) {
         PrintException(&e, "AppInit()");
     } catch (...) {
-        PrintException(NULL, "AppInit()");
+        PrintException(nullptr, "AppInit()");
     }
     if (!fRet)
-        Shutdown(NULL);
+        Shutdown(nullptr);
     return fRet;
 }
 
@@ -407,7 +417,7 @@ std::string HelpMessage()
         //"  -proxy=<ip:port>       " + _("Connect through socks proxy") + "\n" +
         //"  -socks=<n>             " + _("Select the version of socks proxy to use (4-5, default: 5)") + "\n" +
         "  -tor=<ip:port>         " + _("Use proxy to reach tor hidden services (default: same as -proxy)") + "\n"
-        "  -notor                 " + _("Disable Tor (WARNING: wallet will not start - Tor is required)") + "\n" +
+        "  -notor                 " + _("Disable Tor - run in clearnet-only mode (no .onion connectivity)") + "\n" +
         "  -torsocks=<port>       " + _("Set embedded or managed Tor SOCKS proxy port (default: 19099)") + "\n" +
         "  -torhiddenservice      " + _("Enable the managed Tor hidden service (default: 1)") + "\n" +
         "  -torhsport=<port>      " + _("Set embedded or managed Tor hidden service port (default: wallet listen port)") + "\n" +
@@ -469,7 +479,6 @@ std::string HelpMessage()
         "  -walletnotify=<cmd>    " + _("Execute command when a wallet transaction changes (%s in cmd is replaced by TxID)") + "\n" +
         "  -confchange            " + _("Require a confirmations for change (default: 0)") + "\n" +
         "  -enforcecanonical      " + _("Enforce transaction scripts to use canonical PUSH operators (default: 1)") + "\n" +
-        "  -alertnotify=<cmd>     " + _("Execute command when a relevant alert is received (%s in cmd is replaced by message)") + "\n" +
         "  -upgradewallet         " + _("Upgrade wallet to latest format") + "\n" +
         "  -keypool=<n>           " + _("Set key pool size to <n> (default: 100)") + "\n" +
         "  -rescan                " + _("Rescan the block chain for missing wallet transactions") + "\n" +
@@ -532,7 +541,7 @@ bool AppInit2()
 #ifdef _MSC_VER
     // Turn off Microsoft heap dump noise
     _CrtSetReportMode(_CRT_WARN, _CRTDBG_MODE_FILE);
-    _CrtSetReportFile(_CRT_WARN, CreateFileA("NUL", GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, 0));
+    _CrtSetReportFile(_CRT_WARN, CreateFileA("NUL", GENERIC_WRITE, 0, nullptr, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, 0));
 #endif
 #if _MSC_VER >= 1400
     // Disable confusing "helpful" text message on abort, Ctrl-C
@@ -549,7 +558,7 @@ bool AppInit2()
 #endif
     typedef BOOL (WINAPI *PSETPROCDEPPOL)(DWORD);
     PSETPROCDEPPOL setProcDEPPol = (PSETPROCDEPPOL)GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandleA("Kernel32.dll"), "SetProcessDEPPolicy");
-    if (setProcDEPPol != NULL) setProcDEPPol(PROCESS_DEP_ENABLE);
+    if (setProcDEPPol != nullptr) setProcDEPPol(PROCESS_DEP_ENABLE);
 #endif
 #ifndef WIN32
     umask(077);
@@ -559,15 +568,15 @@ bool AppInit2()
     sa.sa_handler = HandleSIGTERM;
     sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
     sa.sa_flags = 0;
-    sigaction(SIGTERM, &sa, NULL);
-    sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, NULL);
+    sigaction(SIGTERM, &sa, nullptr);
+    sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, nullptr);
 
     // Reopen debug.log on SIGHUP
     struct sigaction sa_hup;
     sa_hup.sa_handler = HandleSIGHUP;
     sigemptyset(&sa_hup.sa_mask);
     sa_hup.sa_flags = 0;
-    sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_hup, NULL);
+    sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_hup, nullptr);
 #endif
 
     // ********************************************************* Step 2: parameter interactions
@@ -577,7 +586,7 @@ bool AppInit2()
     //nMinerSleep = GetArg("-minersleep", 500);
 
     CheckpointsMode = Checkpoints::STRICT;
-    std::string strCpMode = GetArg("-cppolicy", "strict");
+    std::string strCpMode = GetArg(std::string_view{"-cppolicy"}, std::string_view{"strict"});
 
     if(strCpMode == "strict")
         CheckpointsMode = Checkpoints::STRICT;
@@ -691,15 +700,15 @@ bool AppInit2()
 
     int nScriptCheckThreads = GetArg("-par", 0);
     if (nScriptCheckThreads <= 0)
-        nScriptCheckThreads = boost::thread::hardware_concurrency();
+        nScriptCheckThreads = std::thread::hardware_concurrency();
     if (nScriptCheckThreads > 16)
         nScriptCheckThreads = 16;
     if (nScriptCheckThreads > 1)
     {
-        pScriptCheckQueue = new CCheckQueue<CScriptCheck>(32);
-        pScriptCheckThreads = new boost::thread_group();
+        pScriptCheckQueue = std::make_unique<CCheckQueue<CScriptCheck>>(32);
+        pScriptCheckThreads = std::make_unique<std::vector<std::thread>>();
         for (int i = 0; i < nScriptCheckThreads - 1; ++i)
-            pScriptCheckThreads->create_thread(&ThreadScriptCheck);
+            pScriptCheckThreads->emplace_back(&ThreadScriptCheck);
         printf("Script verification threads: %d workers + main thread\n", nScriptCheckThreads - 1);
     }
 
@@ -719,7 +728,7 @@ bool AppInit2()
         return InitError(_("Initialization sanity check failed. Triangles is shutting down."));
 
     std::string strDataDir = GetDataDir().string();
-    std::string strWalletFileName = GetArg("-wallet", "wallet.dat");
+    std::string strWalletFileName = GetArg(std::string_view{"-wallet"}, std::string_view{"wallet.dat"});
 
     // strWalletFileName must be a plain filename without a directory
     if (strWalletFileName != fs::path(strWalletFileName).stem().string() + fs::path(strWalletFileName).extension().string())
@@ -903,7 +912,7 @@ bool AppInit2()
 
    if (mapArgs.count("-checkpointkey")) // triangles: checkpoint master priv key
     {
-        if (!Checkpoints::SetCheckpointPrivKey(GetArg("-checkpointkey", "")))
+        if (!Checkpoints::SetCheckpointPrivKey(GetArg(std::string_view{"-checkpointkey"}, std::string_view{""})))
             InitError(_("Unable to sign checkpoint, wrong checkpointkey?\n"));
     }
 
@@ -918,7 +927,8 @@ bool AppInit2()
     // v5.9.5: P2P UTXO snapshot fetch is the default for fresh installs (Step 11.6).
     // The legacy clearnet HTTP bootstrap only runs when the user explicitly requests
     // it via -bootstrap, or when -snapshot=0 disables the P2P fetcher.
-#ifndef QT_GUI
+// Bootstrap auto-download works for both GUI and daemon.
+    // GUI users get the same automatic bootstrap on fresh installs.
     {
         bool wantsBootstrap = GetBoolArg("-bootstrap", false);
         bool noBootstrap = GetBoolArg("-nobootstrap", false);
@@ -929,6 +939,7 @@ bool AppInit2()
         if (needsBootstrap && !noBootstrap && !snapshotMode) {
             printf("Bootstrap: no blockchain data found — downloading automatically.\n");
             printf("Bootstrap: (use -nobootstrap to skip)\n");
+            uiInterface.InitMessage(_("Downloading blockchain data..."));
             wantsBootstrap = true;
         } else if (needsBootstrap && snapshotMode && !wantsBootstrap) {
             printf("Bootstrap: no blockchain data found — will fetch UTXO snapshot via P2P after network start.\n");
@@ -942,20 +953,32 @@ bool AppInit2()
         std::string host = Bootstrap::DEFAULT_HOST;
         std::string strError;
 
-        auto progressFn = [](int64_t bytesDownloaded, int64_t totalBytes) {
+        int64_t lastGuiUpdate = 0;
+        auto progressFn = [&lastGuiUpdate](int64_t bytesDownloaded, int64_t totalBytes) {
             if (totalBytes > 0) {
                 printf("\rBootstrap: %lld / %lld MB (%lld%%)",
                        (long long)(bytesDownloaded / (1024*1024)),
                        (long long)(totalBytes / (1024*1024)),
                        (long long)((bytesDownloaded * 100) / totalBytes));
                 fflush(stdout);
+                // Update GUI status bar every ~1 MB
+                int64_t now = GetTimeMillis();
+                if (now - lastGuiUpdate > 1000) {
+                    lastGuiUpdate = now;
+                    std::string msg = strprintf("Downloading blockchain: %lld / %lld MB (%lld%%)",
+                        (long long)(bytesDownloaded / (1024*1024)),
+                        (long long)(totalBytes / (1024*1024)),
+                        (long long)((bytesDownloaded * 100) / totalBytes));
+                    uiInterface.InitMessage(msg);
+                }
             }
         };
 
-        // Try UTXO snapshot first (fast: ~2-10 MB download)
+        // Try UTXO snapshot first (fast: ~2-10 MB download). Only attempted
+        // if the configured backend's chain DB doesn't already exist.
         bool success = false;
         bool triedUtxoSnapshot = false;
-        if (needsBootstrap && !fs::exists(dataPath / "txleveldb")) {
+        if (needsBootstrap && !fs::exists(GetChainDataDir())) {
             uiInterface.InitMessage(_("Downloading UTXO snapshot..."));
             printf("Bootstrap: trying UTXO snapshot from %s (fast path)...\n", host.c_str());
 
@@ -989,16 +1012,16 @@ bool AppInit2()
             strprintf("host=%s success=%d utxo_snapshot=%d", host.c_str(), success, triedUtxoSnapshot));
     }
     } // end bootstrap scope
-#endif
 
     // ********************************************************* Step 6c: manual UTXO snapshot loading
-    // If utxo-snapshot.bin exists in data dir and no txleveldb, load it.
+    // If utxo-snapshot.bin exists in data dir and the chain DB hasn't been
+    // initialized for the configured backend, load it.
     {
         fs::path dataPath = GetDataDir();
         fs::path snapshotFile = dataPath / "utxo-snapshot.bin";
-        fs::path txleveldbDir = dataPath / "txleveldb";
+        fs::path chainDbDir = GetChainDataDir();
 
-        if (fs::exists(snapshotFile) && !fs::exists(txleveldbDir)) {
+        if (fs::exists(snapshotFile) && !fs::exists(chainDbDir)) {
             printf("Found utxo-snapshot.bin — loading UTXO snapshot...\n");
             uiInterface.InitMessage(_("Loading UTXO snapshot..."));
 
@@ -1012,6 +1035,16 @@ bool AppInit2()
         }
     }
 
+    // ********************************************************* Step 6d: optional LevelDB -> RocksDB chain DB migration
+    if (GetBoolArg("-migratechaindb", false) || GetBoolArg("-migratechaindbforce", false))
+    {
+        uiInterface.InitMessage(_("Migrating chain database to RocksDB..."));
+        std::string strMigrateError;
+        bool fForce = GetBoolArg("-migratechaindbforce", false);
+        if (!MaybeMigrateLevelDbToRocksDb(fForce, strMigrateError))
+            return InitError(strprintf(_("Chain DB migration failed: %s"), strMigrateError.c_str()));
+    }
+
     // ********************************************************* Step 7: load blockchain
 
     if (!bitdb.Open(GetDataDir()))
@@ -1024,22 +1057,22 @@ bool AppInit2()
 
     if (GetBoolArg("-loadblockindextest"))
     {
-        CTxDB txdb("r");
+        auto txdb_holder = MakeChainDB("r"); CTxDBBase& txdb = *txdb_holder;
         txdb.LoadBlockIndex();
         PrintBlockTree();
         return false;
     }
 
-    // Handle -reindex: delete the LevelDB block index so it gets rebuilt
-    // from the raw blk*.dat files via FastImportBlockFile().
-    // This recalculates money supply, tx index, and UTXO set from scratch.
+    // Handle -reindex: delete the chain DB so it gets rebuilt from the raw
+    // blk*.dat files via FastImportBlockFile(). This recalculates money
+    // supply, tx index, and UTXO set from scratch. Backend-agnostic via
+    // WipeChainDataDir(), which resolves the directory per the configured
+    // -chaindb backend.
     if (GetBoolArg("-reindex", false))
     {
-        printf("Reindex requested: removing block index database...\n");
-        uiInterface.InitMessage(_("Removing block index for reindex..."));
-        fs::path txleveldbPath = GetDataDir() / "txleveldb";
-        if (fs::exists(txleveldbPath))
-            fs::remove_all(txleveldbPath);
+        printf("Reindex requested: removing chain database...\n");
+        uiInterface.InitMessage(_("Removing chain database for reindex..."));
+        WipeChainDataDir();
     }
 
     uiInterface.InitMessage(_("Loading block index..."));
@@ -1051,7 +1084,7 @@ bool AppInit2()
     // If the block index is empty but blk0001.dat exists (bootstrap download),
     // fast-import: build the index directly from the block file without re-writing
     // data. Batches LevelDB commits every 200K blocks for speed.
-    if (nBestHeight == 0 && boost::filesystem::exists(GetDataDir() / "blk0001.dat")
+    if (nBestHeight == 0 && std::filesystem::exists(GetDataDir() / "blk0001.dat")
         && mapBlockIndex.size() <= 1)
     {
         uiInterface.InitMessage(_("Importing bootstrap blocks..."));
@@ -1130,7 +1163,7 @@ bool AppInit2()
     printf("Loading wallet...\n");
     nStart = GetTimeMillis();
     bool fFirstRun = true;
-    pwalletMain = new CWallet(strWalletFileName);
+    pwalletMain = std::make_unique<CWallet>(strWalletFileName);
 
     // Auto-backup wallet.dat before loading (protects against corruption during load/flush)
     {
@@ -1174,9 +1207,9 @@ bool AppInit2()
         int nMaxVersion = GetArg("-upgradewallet", 0);
         if (nMaxVersion == 0) // the -upgradewallet without argument case
         {
-            printf("Performing wallet upgrade to %i\n", FEATURE_LATEST);
+            printf("Performing wallet upgrade to %i\n", static_cast<int>(WalletFeature::Latest));
             nMaxVersion = CLIENT_VERSION;
-            pwalletMain->SetMinVersion(FEATURE_LATEST); // permanently upgrade the wallet immediately
+            pwalletMain->SetMinVersion(WalletFeature::Latest); // permanently upgrade the wallet immediately
         }
         else
             printf("Allowing wallet upgrade up to %i\n", nMaxVersion);
@@ -1202,7 +1235,7 @@ bool AppInit2()
     printf(" wallet      %15" PRId64 "ms\n", GetTimeMillis() - nStart);
     StartupPerfLog("wallet_load", GetTimeMillis() - nStart, strprintf("firstrun=%d", fFirstRun));
 
-    RegisterWallet(pwalletMain);
+    RegisterWallet(pwalletMain.get());
 
     CBlockIndex *pindexRescan = pindexBest;
     if (GetBoolArg("-rescan"))
@@ -1224,7 +1257,7 @@ bool AppInit2()
         bool fScannedWithIndex = false;
         if (fAddressIndex && !GetBoolArg("-rescan"))
         {
-            CTxDB txdb("r");
+            auto txdb_holder = MakeChainDB("r"); CTxDBBase& txdb = *txdb_holder;
             int nAddressIndexStartHeight = 0;
             uint256 hashAddressIndexBestChain = 0;
             if (txdb.ReadAddressIndexStartHeight(nAddressIndexStartHeight) &&
@@ -1322,6 +1355,15 @@ bool AppInit2()
             #ifdef USE_UPNP
             fUseUPnP = false;
             #endif
+        } else if (GetBoolArg("-notor", false)) {
+            // -notor: user explicitly disabled Tor.  Allow the daemon to start
+            // in clearnet-only mode (useful for diagnostics, benchmarking, and
+            // recovery).  .onion connectivity will not be available.
+            printf("NOTICE: Tor disabled via -notor. Running in clearnet-only mode.\n");
+            printf("  .onion connections will NOT be available.\n");
+            SetReachable(NET_IPV4, true);
+            SetReachable(NET_IPV6, true);
+            SetReachable(NET_TOR, false);
         } else {
             std::string torError = CTorEmbedded::GetInstance()->GetStartupError();
             if (torError.empty())
@@ -1392,7 +1434,7 @@ bool AppInit2()
 
         // Launch background thread for Tor health monitoring and seeder maintenance
         if (torStarted) {
-            if (!NewThread(ThreadTorMaintenance, NULL))
+            if (!NewThread(ThreadTorMaintenance, nullptr))
                 printf("Warning: ThreadTorMaintenance could not be started\n");
         }
     }
@@ -1460,11 +1502,11 @@ bool AppInit2()
     printf("mapWallet.size() = %" PRIszu "\n",       pwalletMain->mapWallet.size());
     printf("mapAddressBook.size() = %" PRIszu "\n",  pwalletMain->mapAddressBook.size());
 
-    if (!NewThread(StartNode, NULL))
+    if (!NewThread(StartNode, nullptr))
         InitError(_("Error: could not start node"));
 
     if (fServer)
-        NewThread(ThreadRPCServer, NULL);
+        NewThread(ThreadRPCServer, nullptr);
 
     // ********************************************************* Step 11.6: P2P UTXO snapshot fetch
     // If the chain is empty and snapshot mode is enabled (default), spawn a
@@ -1480,7 +1522,7 @@ bool AppInit2()
         if (snapshotMode && needsSnapshot && !haveSnapshotFile &&
             Checkpoints::GetBestSnapshotHeight() > 0)
         {
-            NewThread(ThreadSnapshotFetch, NULL);
+            NewThread(ThreadSnapshotFetch, nullptr);
         }
     }
 
@@ -1488,21 +1530,21 @@ bool AppInit2()
         LOCK(cs_DeferredStartup);
         fDeferredStartupRunning = true;
     }
-    if (!NewThread(ThreadDeferredStartup, NULL))
+    if (!NewThread(ThreadDeferredStartup, nullptr))
     {
         printf("Warning: deferred startup thread could not be started, running inline\n");
-        ThreadDeferredStartup(NULL);
+        ThreadDeferredStartup(nullptr);
     }
     StartupPerfLog("start_services", GetTimeMillis() - nStart);
 
     // ********************************************************* Step 11.5: ZMQ notifications
 #ifdef ENABLE_ZMQ
     {
-        std::string zmqAddr = GetArg("-zmqpubhashblock", "");
+        std::string zmqAddr = GetArg(std::string_view{"-zmqpubhashblock"}, std::string_view{""});
         if (zmqAddr.empty())
-            zmqAddr = GetArg("-zmqpubhashtx", "");
+            zmqAddr = GetArg(std::string_view{"-zmqpubhashtx"}, std::string_view{""});
         if (zmqAddr.empty())
-            zmqAddr = GetArg("-zmqpub", "");
+            zmqAddr = GetArg(std::string_view{"-zmqpub"}, std::string_view{""});
         if (!zmqAddr.empty())
         {
             pzmqNotifier = new CZMQPublishNotifier();
@@ -1510,7 +1552,7 @@ bool AppInit2()
             {
                 printf("ZMQ: Failed to initialize publisher on %s\n", zmqAddr.c_str());
                 delete pzmqNotifier;
-                pzmqNotifier = NULL;
+                pzmqNotifier = nullptr;
             }
         }
     }

src/init.h

@@ -7,8 +7,9 @@
 
 #include "wallet.h"
 #include "tor_embed_hooks.h"
+#include <memory>
 
-extern CWallet* pwalletMain;
+extern std::unique_ptr<CWallet> pwalletMain;
 extern std::string strWalletFileName;
 void StartShutdown();
 bool ShutdownRequested();

src/irc.cpp

@@ -1,405 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
-// Copyright (c) 2009-2012 The Bitcoin developers
-// Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
-// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
-
-#include "irc.h"
-#include "net.h"
-#include "strlcpy.h"
-#include "base58.h"
-
-using namespace std;
-using namespace boost;
-
-int nGotIRCAddresses = 0;
-
-void ThreadIRCSeed2(void* parg);
-
-
-
-
-#pragma pack(push, 1)
-struct ircaddr
-{
-    struct in_addr ip;
-    short port;
-};
-#pragma pack(pop)
-
-string EncodeAddress(const CService& addr)
-{
-    struct ircaddr tmp;
-    if (addr.GetInAddr(&tmp.ip))
-    {
-        tmp.port = htons(addr.GetPort());
-
-        vector<unsigned char> vch(UBEGIN(tmp), UEND(tmp));
-        return string("u") + EncodeBase58Check(vch);
-    }
-    return "";
-}
-
-bool DecodeAddress(string str, CService& addr)
-{
-    vector<unsigned char> vch;
-    if (!DecodeBase58Check(str.substr(1), vch))
-        return false;
-
-    struct ircaddr tmp;
-    if (vch.size() != sizeof(tmp))
-        return false;
-    memcpy(&tmp, &vch[0], sizeof(tmp));
-
-    addr = CService(tmp.ip, ntohs(tmp.port));
-    return true;
-}
-
-
-
-
-
-
-static bool Send(SOCKET hSocket, const char* pszSend)
-{
-    if (strstr(pszSend, "PONG") != pszSend)
-        printf("IRC SENDING: %s\n", pszSend);
-    const char* psz = pszSend;
-    const char* pszEnd = psz + strlen(psz);
-    while (psz < pszEnd)
-    {
-        int ret = send(hSocket, psz, pszEnd - psz, MSG_NOSIGNAL);
-        if (ret < 0)
-            return false;
-        psz += ret;
-    }
-    return true;
-}
-
-bool RecvLineIRC(SOCKET hSocket, string& strLine)
-{
-    while (true)
-    {
-        bool fRet = RecvLine(hSocket, strLine);
-        if (fRet)
-        {
-            if (fShutdown)
-                return false;
-            vector<string> vWords;
-            ParseString(strLine, ' ', vWords);
-            if (vWords.size() >= 1 && vWords[0] == "PING")
-            {
-                strLine[1] = 'O';
-                strLine += '\r';
-                Send(hSocket, strLine.c_str());
-                continue;
-            }
-        }
-        return fRet;
-    }
-}
-
-int RecvUntil(SOCKET hSocket, const char* psz1, const char* psz2=NULL, const char* psz3=NULL, const char* psz4=NULL)
-{
-    while(true)
-    {
-        string strLine;
-        strLine.reserve(10000);
-        if (!RecvLineIRC(hSocket, strLine))
-            return 0;
-        printf("IRC %s\n", strLine.c_str());
-        if (psz1 && strLine.find(psz1) != string::npos)
-            return 1;
-        if (psz2 && strLine.find(psz2) != string::npos)
-            return 2;
-        if (psz3 && strLine.find(psz3) != string::npos)
-            return 3;
-        if (psz4 && strLine.find(psz4) != string::npos)
-            return 4;
-    }
-}
-
-bool Wait(int nSeconds)
-{
-    if (fShutdown)
-        return false;
-    printf("IRC waiting %d seconds to reconnect\n", nSeconds);
-    for (int i = 0; i < nSeconds; i++)
-    {
-        if (fShutdown)
-            return false;
-        MilliSleep(1000);
-    }
-    return true;
-}
-
-bool RecvCodeLine(SOCKET hSocket, const char* psz1, string& strRet)
-{
-    strRet.clear();
-    while (true)
-    {
-        string strLine;
-        if (!RecvLineIRC(hSocket, strLine))
-            return false;
-
-        vector<string> vWords;
-        ParseString(strLine, ' ', vWords);
-        if (vWords.size() < 2)
-            continue;
-
-        if (vWords[1] == psz1)
-        {
-            printf("IRC %s\n", strLine.c_str());
-            strRet = strLine;
-            return true;
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-bool GetIPFromIRC(SOCKET hSocket, string strMyName, CNetAddr& ipRet)
-{
-    Send(hSocket, strprintf("USERHOST %s\r", strMyName.c_str()).c_str());
-
-    string strLine;
-    if (!RecvCodeLine(hSocket, "302", strLine))
-        return false;
-
-    vector<string> vWords;
-    ParseString(strLine, ' ', vWords);
-    if (vWords.size() < 4)
-        return false;
-
-    string str = vWords[3];
-    if (str.rfind("@") == string::npos)
-        return false;
-    string strHost = str.substr(str.rfind("@")+1);
-
-    // Hybrid IRC used by lfnet always returns IP when you userhost yourself,
-    // but in case another IRC is ever used this should work.
-    printf("GetIPFromIRC() got userhost %s\n", strHost.c_str());
-    CNetAddr addr(strHost, true);
-    if (!addr.IsValid())
-        return false;
-    ipRet = addr;
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-
-
-void ThreadIRCSeed(void* parg)
-{
-    // Make this thread recognisable as the IRC seeding thread
-    RenameThread("Triangles-ircseed");
-
-    try
-    {
-        ThreadIRCSeed2(parg);
-    }
-    catch (std::exception& e) {
-        PrintExceptionContinue(&e, "ThreadIRCSeed()");
-    } catch (...) {
-        PrintExceptionContinue(NULL, "ThreadIRCSeed()");
-    }
-    printf("ThreadIRCSeed exited\n");
-}
-
-void ThreadIRCSeed2(void* parg)
-{
-    // Don't connect to IRC if we won't use IPv4 connections.
-    if (IsLimited(NET_IPV4))
-        return;
-
-    // ... or if we won't make outbound connections and won't accept inbound ones.
-    if (mapArgs.count("-connect") && fNoListen)
-        return;
-
-    // ... or if IRC is not enabled.
-    if (!GetBoolArg("-irc", false))
-        return;
-
-    printf("ThreadIRCSeed started\n");
-    int nErrorWait = 10;
-    int nRetryWait = 10;
-    int nNameRetry = 0;
-
-    while (!fShutdown)
-    {
-        CService addrConnect("92.243.23.21", 6667); // irc.lfnet.org
-
-        CService addrIRC("irc.lfnet.org", 6667, true);
-        if (addrIRC.IsValid())
-            addrConnect = addrIRC;
-
-        SOCKET hSocket;
-        if (!ConnectSocket(addrConnect, hSocket))
-        {
-            printf("IRC connect failed\n");
-            nErrorWait = nErrorWait * 11 / 10;
-            if (Wait(nErrorWait += 60))
-                continue;
-            else
-                return;
-        }
-
-        if (!RecvUntil(hSocket, "Found your hostname", "using your IP address instead", "Couldn't look up your hostname", "ignoring hostname"))
-        {
-            closesocket(hSocket);
-            hSocket = INVALID_SOCKET;
-            nErrorWait = nErrorWait * 11 / 10;
-            if (Wait(nErrorWait += 60))
-                continue;
-            else
-                return;
-        }
-
-        CNetAddr addrIPv4("1.2.3.4"); // arbitrary IPv4 address to make GetLocal prefer IPv4 addresses
-        CService addrLocal;
-        string strMyName;
-        // Don't use our IP as our nick if we're not listening
-        // or if it keeps failing because the nick is already in use.
-        if (!fNoListen && GetLocal(addrLocal, &addrIPv4) && nNameRetry<3)
-            strMyName = EncodeAddress(GetLocalAddress(&addrConnect));
-        if (strMyName == "")
-            strMyName = strprintf("x%" PRIu64 "", GetRand(1000000000));
-
-        Send(hSocket, strprintf("NICK %s\r", strMyName.c_str()).c_str());
-        Send(hSocket, strprintf("USER %s 8 * : %s\r", strMyName.c_str(), strMyName.c_str()).c_str());
-
-        int nRet = RecvUntil(hSocket, " 004 ", " 433 ");
-        if (nRet != 1)
-        {
-            closesocket(hSocket);
-            hSocket = INVALID_SOCKET;
-            if (nRet == 2)
-            {
-                printf("IRC name already in use\n");
-                nNameRetry++;
-                Wait(10);
-                continue;
-            }
-            nErrorWait = nErrorWait * 11 / 10;
-            if (Wait(nErrorWait += 60))
-                continue;
-            else
-                return;
-        }
-        nNameRetry = 0;
-        MilliSleep(500);
-
-        // Get our external IP from the IRC server and re-nick before joining the channel
-        CNetAddr addrFromIRC;
-        if (GetIPFromIRC(hSocket, strMyName, addrFromIRC))
-        {
-            printf("GetIPFromIRC() returned %s\n", addrFromIRC.ToString().c_str());
-            // Don't use our IP as our nick if we're not listening
-            if (!fNoListen && addrFromIRC.IsRoutable())
-            {
-                // IRC lets you to re-nick
-                AddLocal(addrFromIRC, LOCAL_IRC);
-                strMyName = EncodeAddress(GetLocalAddress(&addrConnect));
-                Send(hSocket, strprintf("NICK %s\r", strMyName.c_str()).c_str());
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (fTestNet) {
-            Send(hSocket, "JOIN #TrianglesTEST\r");
-            Send(hSocket, "WHO #TrianglesTEST\r");
-        } else {
-            // randomly join
-            // int channel_number = GetRandInt(5);
-
-            // Channel number is always 0 for initial release
-            int channel_number = 0;
-            Send(hSocket, strprintf("JOIN #Triangles%02d\r", channel_number).c_str());
-            Send(hSocket, strprintf("WHO #Triangles%02d\r", channel_number).c_str());
-        }
-
-        int64_t nStart = GetTime();
-        string strLine;
-        strLine.reserve(10000);
-        while (!fShutdown && RecvLineIRC(hSocket, strLine))
-        {
-            if (strLine.empty() || strLine.size() > 900 || strLine[0] != ':')
-                continue;
-
-            vector<string> vWords;
-            ParseString(strLine, ' ', vWords);
-            if (vWords.size() < 2)
-                continue;
-
-            char pszName[10000];
-            pszName[0] = '\0';
-
-            if (vWords[1] == "352" && vWords.size() >= 8)
-            {
-                // index 7 is limited to 16 characters
-                // could get full length name at index 10, but would be different from join messages
-                strlcpy(pszName, vWords[7].c_str(), sizeof(pszName));
-                printf("IRC got who\n");
-            }
-
-            if (vWords[1] == "JOIN" && vWords[0].size() > 1)
-            {
-                // :username!username@50000007.F000000B.90000002.IP JOIN :#channelname
-                strlcpy(pszName, vWords[0].c_str() + 1, sizeof(pszName));
-                if (strchr(pszName, '!'))
-                    *strchr(pszName, '!') = '\0';
-                printf("IRC got join\n");
-            }
-
-            if (pszName[0] == 'u')
-            {
-                CAddress addr;
-                if (DecodeAddress(pszName, addr))
-                {
-                    addr.nTime = GetAdjustedTime();
-                    if (addrman.Add(addr, addrConnect, 51 * 60))
-                        printf("IRC got new address: %s\n", addr.ToString().c_str());
-                    nGotIRCAddresses++;
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    printf("IRC decode failed\n");
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        closesocket(hSocket);
-        hSocket = INVALID_SOCKET;
-
-        if (GetTime() - nStart > 20 * 60)
-        {
-            nErrorWait /= 3;
-            nRetryWait /= 3;
-        }
-
-        nRetryWait = nRetryWait * 11 / 10;
-        if (!Wait(nRetryWait += 60))
-            return;
-    }
-}
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-#ifdef TEST
-int main(int argc, char *argv[])
-{
-    WSADATA wsadata;
-    if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsadata) != NO_ERROR)
-    {
-        printf("Error at WSAStartup()\n");
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    ThreadIRCSeed(NULL);
-
-    WSACleanup();
-    return 0;
-}
-#endif

src/irc.h

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
-// Copyright (c) 2009-2012 The Bitcoin developers
-// Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
-// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
-#ifndef TRIANGLES_IRC_H
-#define TRIANGLES_IRC_H
-
-void ThreadIRCSeed(void* parg);
-
-extern int nGotIRCAddresses;
-
-#endif

src/kernel.cpp

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ extern unsigned int nTargetSpacing;
 // Set to 20-minute for production network
 //unsigned int nModifierInterval = MODIFIER_INTERVAL;
 
-typedef std::map<int, unsigned int> MapModifierCheckpoints;
+using MapModifierCheckpoints = std::map<int, unsigned int>;
 
 // Hard checkpoints of stake modifiers to ensure they are deterministic
 static std::map<int, unsigned int> mapStakeModifierCheckpoints = {
@@ -36,8 +36,18 @@ int64_t GetWeight(int64_t nIntervalBeginning, int64_t nIntervalEnd)
     // comes back with massively amplified staking power and dominates blocks.
     // The 7-day cap still allows generous accumulation while limiting abuse.
     static const int64_t STAKE_AGE_SOFT_CAP = 7 * 24 * 60 * 60; // 7 days
+    // Activation gate: the soft cap shipped 2026-04-20 without a height/time
+    // gate, retroactively invalidating earlier blocks staked with long-aged
+    // coins (e.g. coins idle through the 2022-2026 freeze).  Apply the cap
+    // only to stakes after the activation timestamp; historical stakes
+    // validate under the rules they were created with (uncapped age).
+    static const int64_t STAKE_AGE_SOFT_CAP_ACTIVATION = 1776000000; // 2026-04-12 ~13:20 UTC
     if (pindexBest && pindexBest->nHeight >= FORK_HEIGHT_V5)
-        return min(nAge, STAKE_AGE_SOFT_CAP);
+    {
+        if (nIntervalEnd >= STAKE_AGE_SOFT_CAP_ACTIVATION)
+            return min(nAge, STAKE_AGE_SOFT_CAP);
+        return nAge;
+    }
 
     return min(nAge, (int64_t)nStakeMaxAge);
 }
@@ -386,7 +396,7 @@ bool CheckProofOfStake(const CTransaction& tx, unsigned int nBits, uint256& hash
     const CTxIn& txin = tx.vin[0];
 
     // First try finding the previous transaction in database
-    CTxDB txdb("r");
+    auto txdb_holder = MakeChainDB("r"); CTxDBBase& txdb = *txdb_holder;
     CTransaction txPrev;
     CTxIndex txindex;
     if (!txPrev.ReadFromDisk(txdb, txin.prevout, txindex))

src/key.cpp

@@ -1,213 +1,33 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2009-2012 The Bitcoin developers
+// Copyright (c) 2026 The Triangles developers
 // Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
 // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
 
-#include <map>
+#include <cstring>
 
-#include <openssl/ecdsa.h>
-#include <openssl/obj_mac.h>
+#include <openssl/crypto.h>   // OPENSSL_cleanse for secure wipe of secret bytes
+#include <openssl/rand.h>     // RAND_bytes for new-key entropy
 
+#include "crypto_ecdsa.h"
 #include "key.h"
 
-// Generate a private key from just the secret parameter
-int EC_KEY_regenerate_key(EC_KEY *eckey, BIGNUM *priv_key)
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Order-of-generator constants (still used by CheckSignatureElement, the only
+// caller into the BigEndian comparison helper below). Kept here so the file
+// remains self-contained.
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+namespace {
+
+int CompareBigEndian(const unsigned char* c1, std::size_t c1len,
+                     const unsigned char* c2, std::size_t c2len)
 {
-    int ok = 0;
-    BN_CTX *ctx = NULL;
-    EC_POINT *pub_key = NULL;
-
-    if (!eckey) return 0;
-
-    const EC_GROUP *group = EC_KEY_get0_group(eckey);
-
-    if ((ctx = BN_CTX_new()) == NULL)
-        goto err;
-
-    pub_key = EC_POINT_new(group);
-
-    if (pub_key == NULL)
-        goto err;
-
-    if (!EC_POINT_mul(group, pub_key, priv_key, NULL, NULL, ctx))
-        goto err;
-
-    EC_KEY_set_private_key(eckey,priv_key);
-    EC_KEY_set_public_key(eckey,pub_key);
-
-    ok = 1;
-
-err:
-
-    if (pub_key)
-        EC_POINT_free(pub_key);
-    if (ctx != NULL)
-        BN_CTX_free(ctx);
-
-    return(ok);
-}
-
-// Perform ECDSA key recovery (see SEC1 4.1.6) for curves over (mod p)-fields
-// recid selects which key is recovered
-// if check is non-zero, additional checks are performed
-int ECDSA_SIG_recover_key_GFp(EC_KEY *eckey, ECDSA_SIG *ecsig, const unsigned char *msg, int msglen, int recid, int check)
-{
-    if (!eckey) return 0;
-
-    int ret = 0;
-    BN_CTX *ctx = NULL;
-
-    BIGNUM *x = NULL;
-    BIGNUM *e = NULL;
-    BIGNUM *order = NULL;
-    BIGNUM *sor = NULL;
-    BIGNUM *eor = NULL;
-    BIGNUM *field = NULL;
-    EC_POINT *R = NULL;
-    EC_POINT *O = NULL;
-    EC_POINT *Q = NULL;
-    BIGNUM *rr = NULL;
-    BIGNUM *zero = NULL;
-    int n = 0;
-    int i = recid / 2;
-
-    const EC_GROUP *group = EC_KEY_get0_group(eckey);
-    if ((ctx = BN_CTX_new()) == NULL) { ret = -1; goto err; }
-    BN_CTX_start(ctx);
-    const BIGNUM *sig_r, *sig_s;
-    ECDSA_SIG_get0(ecsig, &sig_r, &sig_s);
-    order = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
-    if (!EC_GROUP_get_order(group, order, ctx)) { ret = -2; goto err; }
-    x = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
-    if (!BN_copy(x, order)) { ret=-1; goto err; }
-    if (!BN_mul_word(x, i)) { ret=-1; goto err; }
-    if (!BN_add(x, x, sig_r)) { ret=-1; goto err; }
-    field = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
-    if (!EC_GROUP_get_curve_GFp(group, field, NULL, NULL, ctx)) { ret=-2; goto err; }
-    if (BN_cmp(x, field) >= 0) { ret=0; goto err; }
-    if ((R = EC_POINT_new(group)) == NULL) { ret = -2; goto err; }
-    if (!EC_POINT_set_compressed_coordinates_GFp(group, R, x, recid % 2, ctx)) { ret=0; goto err; }
-    if (check)
-    {
-        if ((O = EC_POINT_new(group)) == NULL) { ret = -2; goto err; }
-        if (!EC_POINT_mul(group, O, NULL, R, order, ctx)) { ret=-2; goto err; }
-        if (!EC_POINT_is_at_infinity(group, O)) { ret = 0; goto err; }
-    }
-    if ((Q = EC_POINT_new(group)) == NULL) { ret = -2; goto err; }
-    n = EC_GROUP_get_degree(group);
-    e = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
-    if (!BN_bin2bn(msg, msglen, e)) { ret=-1; goto err; }
-    if (8*msglen > n) BN_rshift(e, e, 8-(n & 7));
-    zero = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
-    BN_zero(zero);
-    if (!BN_mod_sub(e, zero, e, order, ctx)) { ret=-1; goto err; }
-    rr = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
-    if (!BN_mod_inverse(rr, sig_r, order, ctx)) { ret=-1; goto err; }
-    sor = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
-    if (!BN_mod_mul(sor, sig_s, rr, order, ctx)) { ret=-1; goto err; }
-    eor = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
-    if (!BN_mod_mul(eor, e, rr, order, ctx)) { ret=-1; goto err; }
-    if (!EC_POINT_mul(group, Q, eor, R, sor, ctx)) { ret=-2; goto err; }
-    if (!EC_KEY_set_public_key(eckey, Q)) { ret=-2; goto err; }
-
-    ret = 1;
-
-err:
-    if (ctx) {
-        BN_CTX_end(ctx);
-        BN_CTX_free(ctx);
-    }
-    if (R != NULL) EC_POINT_free(R);
-    if (O != NULL) EC_POINT_free(O);
-    if (Q != NULL) EC_POINT_free(Q);
-    return ret;
-}
-
-void CKey::SetCompressedPubKey()
-{
-    EC_KEY_set_conv_form(pkey, POINT_CONVERSION_COMPRESSED);
-    fCompressedPubKey = true;
-}
-
-void CKey::SetUnCompressedPubKey()
-{
-    EC_KEY_set_conv_form(pkey, POINT_CONVERSION_UNCOMPRESSED);
-    fCompressedPubKey = false;
-}
-
-EC_KEY* CKey::GetECKey()
-{
-    return pkey;
-}
-
-void CKey::Reset()
-{
-    fCompressedPubKey = false;
-    if (pkey != NULL)
-        EC_KEY_free(pkey);
-    pkey = EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(NID_secp256k1);
-    if (pkey == NULL)
-        throw key_error("CKey::CKey() : EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name failed");
-    fSet = false;
-}
-
-CKey::CKey()
-{
-    pkey = NULL;
-    Reset();
-}
-
-CKey::CKey(const CKey& b)
-{
-    pkey = EC_KEY_dup(b.pkey);
-    if (pkey == NULL)
-        throw key_error("CKey::CKey(const CKey&) : EC_KEY_dup failed");
-    fSet = b.fSet;
-}
-
-CKey& CKey::operator=(const CKey& b)
-{
-    if (!EC_KEY_copy(pkey, b.pkey))
-        throw key_error("CKey::operator=(const CKey&) : EC_KEY_copy failed");
-    fSet = b.fSet;
-    return (*this);
-}
-
-CKey::~CKey()
-{
-    EC_KEY_free(pkey);
-}
-
-bool CKey::IsNull() const
-{
-    return !fSet;
-}
-
-bool CKey::IsCompressed() const
-{
-    return fCompressedPubKey;
-}
-
-int CompareBigEndian(const unsigned char *c1, size_t c1len, const unsigned char *c2, size_t c2len) {
-    while (c1len > c2len) {
-        if (*c1)
-            return 1;
-        c1++;
-        c1len--;
-    }
-    while (c2len > c1len) {
-        if (*c2)
-            return -1;
-        c2++;
-        c2len--;
-    }
+    while (c1len > c2len) { if (*c1) return  1; c1++; c1len--; }
+    while (c2len > c1len) { if (*c2) return -1; c2++; c2len--; }
     while (c1len > 0) {
-        if (*c1 > *c2)
-            return 1;
-        if (*c2 > *c1)
-            return -1;
-        c1++;
-        c2++;
-        c1len--;
+        if (*c1 > *c2) return  1;
+        if (*c2 > *c1) return -1;
+        c1++; c2++; c1len--;
     }
     return 0;
 }
@@ -228,277 +48,332 @@ const unsigned char vchMaxModHalfOrder[32] = {
     0xDF,0xE9,0x2F,0x46,0x68,0x1B,0x20,0xA0
 };
 
-const unsigned char vchZero[0] = {};
+const unsigned char vchZero[1] = { 0 };
 
-bool CKey::CheckSignatureElement(const unsigned char *vch, int len, bool half) {
-    return CompareBigEndian(vch, len, vchZero, 0) > 0 &&
-           CompareBigEndian(vch, len, half ? vchMaxModHalfOrder : vchMaxModOrder, 32) <= 0;
+} // namespace
+
+bool CKey::CheckSignatureElement(const unsigned char* vchIn, int len, bool half)
+{
+    return CompareBigEndian(vchIn, len, vchZero, 0) > 0 &&
+           CompareBigEndian(vchIn, len, half ? vchMaxModHalfOrder : vchMaxModOrder, 32) <= 0;
 }
 
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Lifecycle
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+void CKey::Reset()
+{
+    OPENSSL_cleanse(vch, sizeof(vch));
+    vchPubKey.clear();
+    fSet              = false;
+    fHavePrivKey      = false;
+    fCompressedPubKey = false;
+}
+
+CKey::CKey()
+{
+    std::memset(vch, 0, sizeof(vch));
+    vchPubKey.clear();
+    fSet              = false;
+    fHavePrivKey      = false;
+    fCompressedPubKey = false;
+}
+
+CKey::CKey(const CKey& b)
+{
+    *this = b;
+}
+
+CKey& CKey::operator=(const CKey& b)
+{
+    if (this == &b) return *this;
+    std::memcpy(vch, b.vch, sizeof(vch));
+    vchPubKey         = b.vchPubKey;
+    fSet              = b.fSet;
+    fHavePrivKey      = b.fHavePrivKey;
+    fCompressedPubKey = b.fCompressedPubKey;
+    return *this;
+}
+
+CKey::~CKey()
+{
+    OPENSSL_cleanse(vch, sizeof(vch));
+}
+
+bool CKey::IsNull() const       { return !fSet; }
+bool CKey::IsCompressed() const { return fCompressedPubKey; }
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Compression toggle
+//
+// In the new model the pubkey is always cached at the current compression. If
+// we hold the private key we can re-derive trivially; if we only hold a public
+// key, callers don't toggle compression in practice in this codebase, so we
+// just flip the flag and rely on the next SetPubKey/SetSecret to refresh the
+// cache.
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+void CKey::SetCompressedPubKey()
+{
+    if (fCompressedPubKey) return;
+    fCompressedPubKey = true;
+    if (fSet && fHavePrivKey) {
+        std::size_t len = 33;
+        vchPubKey.resize(len);
+        if (!ECDSA_pubkey_from_privkey_secp256k1(&vchPubKey[0], &len, vch, /*fCompressed=*/true)) {
+            Reset();
+            return;
+        }
+        vchPubKey.resize(len);
+    }
+}
+
+void CKey::SetUnCompressedPubKey()
+{
+    if (!fCompressedPubKey && fSet) return;
+    fCompressedPubKey = false;
+    if (fSet && fHavePrivKey) {
+        std::size_t len = 65;
+        vchPubKey.resize(len);
+        if (!ECDSA_pubkey_from_privkey_secp256k1(&vchPubKey[0], &len, vch, /*fCompressed=*/false)) {
+            Reset();
+            return;
+        }
+        vchPubKey.resize(len);
+    }
+}
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Key generation / load / store
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
 void CKey::MakeNewKey(bool fCompressed)
 {
-    if (!EC_KEY_generate_key(pkey))
-        throw key_error("CKey::MakeNewKey() : EC_KEY_generate_key failed");
-    if (fCompressed)
-        SetCompressedPubKey();
-    fSet = true;
+    // Sample 32 bytes of entropy and reject any that fall outside (0, n).
+    // Probability of needing a retry is ~2^-128.
+    do {
+        if (RAND_bytes(vch, sizeof(vch)) != 1)
+            throw key_error("CKey::MakeNewKey() : RAND_bytes failed");
+    } while (!ECDSA_seckey_verify_secp256k1(vch));
+
+    fSet              = true;
+    fHavePrivKey      = true;
+    fCompressedPubKey = fCompressed;
+
+    std::size_t len = fCompressed ? 33 : 65;
+    vchPubKey.resize(len);
+    if (!ECDSA_pubkey_from_privkey_secp256k1(&vchPubKey[0], &len, vch, fCompressed)) {
+        Reset();
+        throw key_error("CKey::MakeNewKey() : failed to derive public key");
+    }
+    vchPubKey.resize(len);
 }
 
 bool CKey::SetPrivKey(const CPrivKey& vchPrivKey)
 {
-    const unsigned char* pbegin = &vchPrivKey[0];
-    if (d2i_ECPrivateKey(&pkey, &pbegin, vchPrivKey.size()))
-    {
-        // In testing, d2i_ECPrivateKey can return true
-        // but fill in pkey with a key that fails
-        // EC_KEY_check_key, so:
-        if (EC_KEY_check_key(pkey))
-        {
-            fSet = true;
-            return true;
-        }
+    unsigned char raw[32];
+    if (!ECDSA_privkey_import_der_secp256k1(raw, &vchPrivKey[0], vchPrivKey.size())) {
+        OPENSSL_cleanse(raw, sizeof(raw));
+        Reset();
+        return false;
     }
-    // If vchPrivKey data is bad d2i_ECPrivateKey() can
-    // leave pkey in a state where calling EC_KEY_free()
-    // crashes. To avoid that, set pkey to NULL and
-    // leak the memory (a leak is better than a crash)
-    pkey = NULL;
-    Reset();
-    return false;
+
+    // Carry the compressed flag out of the DER blob. The two valid sizes
+    // produced by ECDSA_privkey_export_der_secp256k1 are 214 (compressed) and
+    // 279 (uncompressed); foreign DER blobs are best-effort but those two
+    // cover every record this codebase has ever written.
+    bool fCompressed = (vchPrivKey.size() == 214);
+
+    CSecret secret(raw, raw + 32);
+    OPENSSL_cleanse(raw, sizeof(raw));
+    return SetSecret(secret, fCompressed);
 }
 
 bool CKey::SetSecret(const CSecret& vchSecret, bool fCompressed)
 {
-    EC_KEY_free(pkey);
-    pkey = EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(NID_secp256k1);
-    if (pkey == NULL)
-        throw key_error("CKey::SetSecret() : EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name failed");
     if (vchSecret.size() != 32)
         throw key_error("CKey::SetSecret() : secret must be 32 bytes");
-    BIGNUM *bn = BN_bin2bn(&vchSecret[0],32,BN_new());
-    if (bn == NULL)
-        throw key_error("CKey::SetSecret() : BN_bin2bn failed");
-    if (!EC_KEY_regenerate_key(pkey,bn))
-    {
-        BN_clear_free(bn);
-        throw key_error("CKey::SetSecret() : EC_KEY_regenerate_key failed");
+    if (!ECDSA_seckey_verify_secp256k1(&vchSecret[0]))
+        throw key_error("CKey::SetSecret() : secret is not a valid scalar");
+
+    std::memcpy(vch, &vchSecret[0], 32);
+    fSet              = true;
+    fHavePrivKey      = true;
+    // Preserve sticky-compression behaviour from the OpenSSL implementation:
+    // if either the explicit argument or the previously-set flag is true,
+    // the result is compressed.
+    bool fComp = fCompressed || fCompressedPubKey;
+    fCompressedPubKey = fComp;
+
+    std::size_t len = fComp ? 33 : 65;
+    vchPubKey.resize(len);
+    if (!ECDSA_pubkey_from_privkey_secp256k1(&vchPubKey[0], &len, vch, fComp)) {
+        Reset();
+        return false;
     }
-    BN_clear_free(bn);
-    fSet = true;
-    if (fCompressed || fCompressedPubKey)
-        SetCompressedPubKey();
+    vchPubKey.resize(len);
     return true;
 }
 
-CSecret CKey::GetSecret(bool &fCompressed) const
+CSecret CKey::GetSecret(bool& fCompressed) const
 {
-    CSecret vchRet;
-    vchRet.resize(32);
-    const BIGNUM *bn = EC_KEY_get0_private_key(pkey);
-    int nBytes = BN_num_bytes(bn);
-    if (bn == NULL)
-        throw key_error("CKey::GetSecret() : EC_KEY_get0_private_key failed");
-    int n=BN_bn2bin(bn,&vchRet[32 - nBytes]);
-    if (n != nBytes)
-        throw key_error("CKey::GetSecret(): BN_bn2bin failed");
+    if (!fSet || !fHavePrivKey)
+        throw key_error("CKey::GetSecret() : key is not set or has no private component");
+    CSecret out(vch, vch + 32);
     fCompressed = fCompressedPubKey;
-    return vchRet;
+    return out;
 }
 
 CPrivKey CKey::GetPrivKey() const
 {
-    int nSize = i2d_ECPrivateKey(pkey, NULL);
-    if (!nSize)
-        throw key_error("CKey::GetPrivKey() : i2d_ECPrivateKey failed");
-    CPrivKey vchPrivKey(nSize, 0);
-    unsigned char* pbegin = &vchPrivKey[0];
-    if (i2d_ECPrivateKey(pkey, &pbegin) != nSize)
-        throw key_error("CKey::GetPrivKey() : i2d_ECPrivateKey returned unexpected size");
-    return vchPrivKey;
+    if (!fSet || !fHavePrivKey)
+        throw key_error("CKey::GetPrivKey() : key is not set or has no private component");
+
+    // Max possible output: 279 bytes (uncompressed).
+    CPrivKey out(279, 0);
+    std::size_t out_len = out.size();
+    if (!ECDSA_privkey_export_der_secp256k1(&out[0], &out_len, vch, fCompressedPubKey))
+        throw key_error("CKey::GetPrivKey() : DER export failed");
+    out.resize(out_len);
+    return out;
 }
 
-bool CKey::SetPubKey(const CPubKey& vchPubKey)
+bool CKey::SetPubKey(const CPubKey& cpub)
 {
-    const unsigned char* pbegin = &vchPubKey.vchPubKey[0];
-    if (o2i_ECPublicKey(&pkey, &pbegin, vchPubKey.vchPubKey.size()))
-    {
-        fSet = true;
-        if (vchPubKey.vchPubKey.size() == 33)
-            SetCompressedPubKey();
-        return true;
+    const std::vector<unsigned char>& vchPub = cpub.vchPubKey;
+    if (vchPub.size() != 33 && vchPub.size() != 65) {
+        Reset();
+        return false;
     }
-    pkey = NULL;
-    Reset();
-    return false;
+    if (!ECDSA_pubkey_verify_secp256k1(&vchPub[0], vchPub.size())) {
+        Reset();
+        return false;
+    }
+    vchPubKey         = vchPub;
+    fSet              = true;
+    fHavePrivKey      = false;
+    fCompressedPubKey = (vchPub.size() == 33);
+    return true;
 }
 
 CPubKey CKey::GetPubKey() const
 {
-    int nSize = i2o_ECPublicKey(pkey, NULL);
-    if (!nSize)
-        throw key_error("CKey::GetPubKey() : i2o_ECPublicKey failed");
-    std::vector<unsigned char> vchPubKey(nSize, 0);
-    unsigned char* pbegin = &vchPubKey[0];
-    if (i2o_ECPublicKey(pkey, &pbegin) != nSize)
-        throw key_error("CKey::GetPubKey() : i2o_ECPublicKey returned unexpected size");
     return CPubKey(vchPubKey);
 }
 
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Sign / verify / recover (all delegate to crypto_ecdsa wrappers)
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
 bool CKey::Sign(uint256 hash, std::vector<unsigned char>& vchSig)
 {
     vchSig.clear();
-    ECDSA_SIG *sig = ECDSA_do_sign((unsigned char*)&hash, sizeof(hash), pkey);
-    if (sig == NULL)
+    if (!fSet || !fHavePrivKey) return false;
+
+    // libsecp256k1's max DER output is 72 bytes; allocate that and shrink.
+    vchSig.resize(72);
+    std::size_t sig_len = vchSig.size();
+    if (!ECDSA_sign_secp256k1(&vchSig[0], &sig_len,
+                               reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char*>(&hash),
+                               vch))
+    {
+        vchSig.clear();
         return false;
-    BN_CTX *ctx = BN_CTX_new();
-    BN_CTX_start(ctx);
-    const EC_GROUP *group = EC_KEY_get0_group(pkey);
-    BIGNUM *order = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
-    BIGNUM *halforder = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
-    EC_GROUP_get_order(group, order, ctx);
-    BN_rshift1(halforder, order);
-    const BIGNUM *sig_r, *sig_s;
-    ECDSA_SIG_get0(sig, &sig_r, &sig_s);
-    if (BN_cmp(sig_s, halforder) > 0) {
-        // enforce low S values, by negating the value (modulo the order) if above order/2.
-        BIGNUM *new_s = BN_new();
-        BN_sub(new_s, order, sig_s);
-        BIGNUM *dup_r = BN_dup(sig_r);
-        ECDSA_SIG_set0(sig, dup_r, new_s);
     }
-    BN_CTX_end(ctx);
-    BN_CTX_free(ctx);
-    unsigned int nSize = ECDSA_size(pkey);
-    vchSig.resize(nSize); // Make sure it is big enough
-    unsigned char *pos = &vchSig[0];
-    nSize = i2d_ECDSA_SIG(sig, &pos);
-    ECDSA_SIG_free(sig);
-    vchSig.resize(nSize); // Shrink to fit actual size
+    vchSig.resize(sig_len);
     return true;
 }
 
-// create a compact signature (65 bytes), which allows reconstructing the used public key
-// The format is one header byte, followed by two times 32 bytes for the serialized r and s values.
-// The header byte: 0x1B = first key with even y, 0x1C = first key with odd y,
-//                  0x1D = second key with even y, 0x1E = second key with odd y
+// Compact signature (65 bytes): one header byte (encoding recid + compression)
+// followed by 32-byte r and 32-byte s.
 bool CKey::SignCompact(uint256 hash, std::vector<unsigned char>& vchSig)
 {
-    bool fOk = false;
-    ECDSA_SIG *sig = ECDSA_do_sign((unsigned char*)&hash, sizeof(hash), pkey);
-    if (sig==NULL)
-        return false;
     vchSig.clear();
-    vchSig.resize(65,0);
-    const BIGNUM *sig_r, *sig_s;
-    ECDSA_SIG_get0(sig, &sig_r, &sig_s);
-    int nBitsR = BN_num_bits(sig_r);
-    int nBitsS = BN_num_bits(sig_s);
-    if (nBitsR <= 256 && nBitsS <= 256)
+    if (!fSet || !fHavePrivKey) return false;
+
+    vchSig.resize(65, 0);
+    if (!ECDSA_sign_compact_secp256k1(&vchSig[0],
+                                       reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char*>(&hash),
+                                       vch,
+                                       fCompressedPubKey))
     {
-        int nRecId = -1;
-        for (int i=0; i<4; i++)
-        {
-            CKey keyRec;
-            keyRec.fSet = true;
-            if (fCompressedPubKey)
-                keyRec.SetCompressedPubKey();
-            if (ECDSA_SIG_recover_key_GFp(keyRec.pkey, sig, (unsigned char*)&hash, sizeof(hash), i, 1) == 1)
-                if (keyRec.GetPubKey() == this->GetPubKey())
-                {
-                    nRecId = i;
-                    break;
-                }
-        }
-
-        if (nRecId == -1)
-        {
-            ECDSA_SIG_free(sig);
-            throw key_error("CKey::SignCompact() : unable to construct recoverable key");
-        }
-
-        vchSig[0] = nRecId+27+(fCompressedPubKey ? 4 : 0);
-        BN_bn2bin(sig_r,&vchSig[33-(nBitsR+7)/8]);
-        BN_bn2bin(sig_s,&vchSig[65-(nBitsS+7)/8]);
-        fOk = true;
+        vchSig.clear();
+        return false;
     }
-    ECDSA_SIG_free(sig);
-    return fOk;
+    return true;
 }
 
-// reconstruct public key from a compact signature
-// This is only slightly more CPU intensive than just verifying it.
-// If this function succeeds, the recovered public key is guaranteed to be valid
-// (the signature is a valid signature of the given data for that key)
 bool CKey::SetCompactSignature(uint256 hash, const std::vector<unsigned char>& vchSig)
 {
-    if (vchSig.size() != 65)
-        return false;
+    if (vchSig.size() != 65) return false;
     int nV = vchSig[0];
-    if (nV<27 || nV>=35)
-        return false;
-    ECDSA_SIG *sig = ECDSA_SIG_new();
-    BIGNUM *sig_r = BN_bin2bn(&vchSig[1],32,NULL);
-    BIGNUM *sig_s = BN_bin2bn(&vchSig[33],32,NULL);
-    ECDSA_SIG_set0(sig, sig_r, sig_s);
+    if (nV < 27 || nV >= 35) return false;
 
-    EC_KEY_free(pkey);
-    pkey = EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(NID_secp256k1);
-    if (nV >= 31)
-    {
-        SetCompressedPubKey();
-        nV -= 4;
-    }
-    if (ECDSA_SIG_recover_key_GFp(pkey, sig, (unsigned char*)&hash, sizeof(hash), nV - 27, 0) == 1)
-    {
-        fSet = true;
-        ECDSA_SIG_free(sig);
-        return true;
-    }
-    ECDSA_SIG_free(sig);
-    return false;
+    unsigned char pubkey[65];
+    std::size_t pubkey_len = 0;
+    if (!ECDSA_recover_compact_secp256k1(pubkey, &pubkey_len,
+                                          reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char*>(&hash),
+                                          &vchSig[0]))
+        return false;
+
+    std::vector<unsigned char> vchPub(pubkey, pubkey + pubkey_len);
+    return SetPubKey(CPubKey(vchPub));
 }
 
 bool CKey::Verify(uint256 hash, const std::vector<unsigned char>& vchSig)
 {
-    // -1 = error, 0 = bad sig, 1 = good
-    if (ECDSA_verify(0, (unsigned char*)&hash, sizeof(hash), &vchSig[0], vchSig.size(), pkey) != 1)
-        return false;
+    if (vchSig.empty() || !fSet) return false;
 
-    return true;
+    return ECDSA_verify_secp256k1(
+        reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char*>(&hash),
+        &vchSig[0], vchSig.size(),
+        &vchPubKey[0], vchPubKey.size());
 }
 
 bool CKey::VerifyCompact(uint256 hash, const std::vector<unsigned char>& vchSig)
 {
     CKey key;
-    if (!key.SetCompactSignature(hash, vchSig))
-        return false;
-    if (GetPubKey() != key.GetPubKey())
-        return false;
-
-    return true;
+    if (!key.SetCompactSignature(hash, vchSig)) return false;
+    return GetPubKey() == key.GetPubKey();
 }
 
 bool CKey::IsValid()
 {
-    if (!fSet)
-        return false;
+    if (!fSet) return false;
 
-    if (!EC_KEY_check_key(pkey))
-        return false;
+    if (fHavePrivKey) {
+        if (!ECDSA_seckey_verify_secp256k1(vch)) return false;
 
-    bool fCompr;
-    CSecret secret = GetSecret(fCompr);
-    CKey key2;
-    key2.SetSecret(secret, fCompr);
-    return GetPubKey() == key2.GetPubKey();
+        // Re-derive the pubkey and check it matches the cache. This is the
+        // libsecp256k1 equivalent of OpenSSL's "consistency between priv and
+        // pub" check the original implementation performed.
+        unsigned char rederived[65];
+        std::size_t rederived_len = 0;
+        if (!ECDSA_pubkey_from_privkey_secp256k1(rederived, &rederived_len, vch, fCompressedPubKey))
+            return false;
+        if (rederived_len != vchPubKey.size()) return false;
+        return std::memcmp(rederived, &vchPubKey[0], rederived_len) == 0;
+    }
+
+    return ECDSA_pubkey_verify_secp256k1(&vchPubKey[0], vchPubKey.size());
 }
 
-bool ECC_InitSanityCheck() {
-    EC_KEY *pkey = EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(NID_secp256k1);
-    if(pkey == NULL)
-        return false;
-    EC_KEY_free(pkey);
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Startup smoke test for the cryptography backend.
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
-    // TODO Is there more EC functionality that could be missing?
+bool ECC_InitSanityCheck()
+{
+    // Verify that libsecp256k1 can validate a trivially-known good secret
+    // (the scalar 1) and reject zero. If either of these fails, the linked
+    // library is broken and we should refuse to start.
+    static const unsigned char one[32]  = {
+        0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
+        0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1
+    };
+    static const unsigned char zero[32] = {0};
+    if (!ECDSA_seckey_verify_secp256k1(one))   return false;
+    if ( ECDSA_seckey_verify_secp256k1(zero))  return false;
     return true;
 }

src/key.h

@@ -13,8 +13,6 @@
 #include "uint256.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
-#include <openssl/ec.h> // for EC_KEY definition
-
 // secp160k1
 // const unsigned int PRIVATE_KEY_SIZE = 192;
 // const unsigned int PUBLIC_KEY_SIZE  = 41;
@@ -70,7 +68,7 @@ public:
     CPubKey() { }
     CPubKey(const std::vector<unsigned char> &vchPubKeyIn) : vchPubKey(vchPubKeyIn) { }
     friend bool operator==(const CPubKey &a, const CPubKey &b) { return a.vchPubKey == b.vchPubKey; }
-    friend bool operator!=(const CPubKey &a, const CPubKey &b) { return a.vchPubKey != b.vchPubKey; }
+    friend bool operator!=(const CPubKey &a, const CPubKey &b) = default;
     friend bool operator<(const CPubKey &a, const CPubKey &b) { return a.vchPubKey < b.vchPubKey; }
 
     IMPLEMENT_SERIALIZE(
@@ -101,24 +99,25 @@ public:
 
 // secure_allocator is defined in allocators.h
 // CPrivKey is a serialized private key, with all parameters included (279 bytes)
-typedef std::vector<unsigned char, secure_allocator<unsigned char> > CPrivKey;
-// CSecret is a serialization of just the secret parameter (32 bytes)
-typedef std::vector<unsigned char, secure_allocator<unsigned char> > CSecret;
+using CPrivKey = std::vector<unsigned char, secure_allocator<unsigned char>>;
+using CSecret = std::vector<unsigned char, secure_allocator<unsigned char>>;
 
-/** An encapsulated OpenSSL Elliptic Curve key (public and/or private) */
+/** An encapsulated secp256k1 elliptic-curve key (public and/or private). */
 class CKey
 {
 protected:
-    EC_KEY* pkey;
+    // 32-byte private scalar. Valid iff fSet && fHavePrivKey.
+    unsigned char vch[32];
+    // Cached serialized public key (33 or 65 bytes). Valid iff fSet.
+    std::vector<unsigned char> vchPubKey;
     bool fSet;
     bool fCompressedPubKey;
+    bool fHavePrivKey;
 
 public:
     void SetCompressedPubKey();
     void SetUnCompressedPubKey();
-    
-    EC_KEY* GetECKey();
-    
+
     void Reset();
 
     CKey();

src/keystore.cpp

@@ -50,10 +50,9 @@ bool CBasicKeyStore::GetCScript(const CScriptID &hash, CScript& redeemScriptOut)
 {
     {
         LOCK(cs_KeyStore);
-        ScriptMap::const_iterator mi = mapScripts.find(hash);
-        if (mi != mapScripts.end())
+        if (auto mi = mapScripts.find(hash); mi != mapScripts.end())
         {
-            redeemScriptOut = (*mi).second;
+            redeemScriptOut = mi->second;
             return true;
         }
     }
@@ -94,20 +93,19 @@ bool CCryptoKeyStore::Unlock(const CKeyingMaterial& vMasterKeyIn)
         if (!SetCrypted())
             return false;
 
-        CryptedKeyMap::const_iterator mi = mapCryptedKeys.begin();
-        for (; mi != mapCryptedKeys.end(); ++mi)
+        for (const auto& [pubKeyHash, val] : mapCryptedKeys)
         {
-            const CPubKey &vchPubKey = (*mi).second.first;
-            const std::vector<unsigned char> &vchCryptedSecret = (*mi).second.second;
+            const CPubKey &vchPubKey = val.first;
+            const std::vector<unsigned char> &vchCryptedSecret = val.second;
             CSecret vchSecret;
             if(!DecryptSecret(vMasterKeyIn, vchCryptedSecret, vchPubKey.GetHash(), vchSecret))
                 return false;
             if (vchSecret.size() != 32)
                 return false;
-            CKey key;
-            key.SetPubKey(vchPubKey);
-            key.SetSecret(vchSecret);
-            if (key.GetPubKey() == vchPubKey)
+            CKey decryptedKey;
+            decryptedKey.SetPubKey(vchPubKey);
+            decryptedKey.SetSecret(vchSecret);
+            if (decryptedKey.GetPubKey() == vchPubKey)
                 break;
             return false;
         }
@@ -159,11 +157,10 @@ bool CCryptoKeyStore::GetKey(const CKeyID &address, CKey& keyOut) const
         if (!IsCrypted())
             return CBasicKeyStore::GetKey(address, keyOut);
 
-        CryptedKeyMap::const_iterator mi = mapCryptedKeys.find(address);
-        if (mi != mapCryptedKeys.end())
+        if (auto mi = mapCryptedKeys.find(address); mi != mapCryptedKeys.end())
         {
-            const CPubKey &vchPubKey = (*mi).second.first;
-            const std::vector<unsigned char> &vchCryptedSecret = (*mi).second.second;
+            const CPubKey &vchPubKey = mi->second.first;
+            const std::vector<unsigned char> &vchCryptedSecret = mi->second.second;
             CSecret vchSecret;
             if (!DecryptSecret(vMasterKey, vchCryptedSecret, vchPubKey.GetHash(), vchSecret))
                 return false;
@@ -184,10 +181,9 @@ bool CCryptoKeyStore::GetPubKey(const CKeyID &address, CPubKey& vchPubKeyOut) co
         if (!IsCrypted())
             return CKeyStore::GetPubKey(address, vchPubKeyOut);
 
-        CryptedKeyMap::const_iterator mi = mapCryptedKeys.find(address);
-        if (mi != mapCryptedKeys.end())
+        if (auto mi = mapCryptedKeys.find(address); mi != mapCryptedKeys.end())
         {
-            vchPubKeyOut = (*mi).second.first;
+            vchPubKeyOut = mi->second.first;
             return true;
         }
     }

src/keystore.h

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@
 #define TRIANGLES_KEYSTORE_H
 
 #include "crypter.h"
+#include "util_signal.h"
 #include "sync.h"
-#include <boost/signals2/signal.hpp>
 
 class CScript;
 
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@ public:
     }
 };
 
-typedef std::map<CKeyID, std::pair<CSecret, bool> > KeyMap;
-typedef std::map<CScriptID, CScript > ScriptMap;
+using KeyMap = std::map<CKeyID, std::pair<CSecret, bool>>;
+using ScriptMap = std::map<CScriptID, CScript>;
 
 /** Basic key store, that keeps keys in an address->secret map */
 class CBasicKeyStore : public CKeyStore
@@ -70,11 +70,9 @@ public:
         setAddress.clear();
         {
             LOCK(cs_KeyStore);
-            KeyMap::const_iterator mi = mapKeys.begin();
-            while (mi != mapKeys.end())
+            for (const auto& [key, val] : mapKeys)
             {
-                setAddress.insert((*mi).first);
-                mi++;
+                setAddress.insert(key);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -82,11 +80,10 @@ public:
     {
         {
             LOCK(cs_KeyStore);
-            KeyMap::const_iterator mi = mapKeys.find(address);
-            if (mi != mapKeys.end())
+            if (auto mi = mapKeys.find(address); mi != mapKeys.end())
             {
                 keyOut.Reset();
-                keyOut.SetSecret((*mi).second.first, (*mi).second.second);
+                keyOut.SetSecret(mi->second.first, mi->second.second);
                 return true;
             }
         }
@@ -97,7 +94,7 @@ public:
     virtual bool GetCScript(const CScriptID &hash, CScript& redeemScriptOut) const;
 };
 
-typedef std::map<CKeyID, std::pair<CPubKey, std::vector<unsigned char> > > CryptedKeyMap;
+using CryptedKeyMap = std::map<CKeyID, std::pair<CPubKey, std::vector<unsigned char>>>;
 
 /** Keystore which keeps the private keys encrypted.
  * It derives from the basic key store, which is used if no encryption is active.
@@ -160,24 +157,23 @@ public:
     bool GetPubKey(const CKeyID &address, CPubKey& vchPubKeyOut) const;
     void GetKeys(std::set<CKeyID> &setAddress) const
     {
+        LOCK(cs_KeyStore);
         if (!IsCrypted())
         {
             CBasicKeyStore::GetKeys(setAddress);
             return;
         }
         setAddress.clear();
-        CryptedKeyMap::const_iterator mi = mapCryptedKeys.begin();
-        while (mi != mapCryptedKeys.end())
+        for (const auto& [key, val] : mapCryptedKeys)
         {
-            setAddress.insert((*mi).first);
-            mi++;
+            setAddress.insert(key);
         }
     }
 
     /* Wallet status (encrypted, locked) changed.
      * Note: Called without locks held.
      */
-    boost::signals2::signal<void (CCryptoKeyStore* wallet)> NotifyStatusChanged;
+    CSignal<void(CCryptoKeyStore*)> NotifyStatusChanged;
 };
 
 #endif

src/main.h

@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
 #include "sigcache.h"
 
 #include <list>
+#include <array>
+#include <memory>
 
 class CWallet;
 class CBlock;
@@ -29,29 +31,29 @@ class CRequestTracker;
 class CNode;
 class CScriptCheck;
 
-static const int CUTOFF_POW_BLOCK = 9000;
-static const int CRAPCHAIN_CUTOFF_BLOCK = 17691; // pre-Pharao (version 4) blockchain until block 17691
-static const int FORK_HEIGHT_V5 = 17651; // v5 hard fork: decentralization + Tor v3 (next block after last checkpoint)
-static const int FORK_HEIGHT_V5_4 = 2186941; // v5.4: tighter timestamps, deterministic fork resolution
+constexpr int CUTOFF_POW_BLOCK = 9000;
+constexpr int CRAPCHAIN_CUTOFF_BLOCK = 17691; // pre-Pharao (version 4) blockchain until block 17691
+constexpr int FORK_HEIGHT_V5 = 17651; // v5 hard fork: decentralization + Tor v3 (next block after last checkpoint)
+constexpr int FORK_HEIGHT_V5_4 = 2186941; // v5.4: tighter timestamps, deterministic fork resolution
 
-static const unsigned int MAX_BLOCK_SIZE = 1000000;
-static const unsigned int MAX_BLOCK_SIZE_GEN = MAX_BLOCK_SIZE/2;
-static const unsigned int MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS = MAX_BLOCK_SIZE/50;
-static const unsigned int MAX_ORPHAN_TRANSACTIONS = MAX_BLOCK_SIZE/100;
-static const unsigned int MAX_ORPHAN_BLOCKS = 750;
-static const unsigned int MAX_ORPHAN_BLOCKS_IBD = 1500;
-static const unsigned int MAX_REORG_DEPTH = 100;  // reject reorgs deeper than this (finality)
-static const unsigned int MAX_INV_SZ = 50000;
-static const int64_t MIN_TX_FEE = (1 * CENT) / 100;
-static const int64_t MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE = (1 * CENT) / 100;
-static const int64_t MAX_MONEY = 2222222 * COIN;
-static const int64_t  COIN_YEAR_REWARD =  33 * CENT; // 33% per year
-static const int64_t MAX_TRI_PROOF_OF_STAKE = 0.33 * COIN;
-static const int MODIFIER_INTERVAL_SWITCH = 1;
+constexpr unsigned int MAX_BLOCK_SIZE = 1000000;
+constexpr unsigned int MAX_BLOCK_SIZE_GEN = MAX_BLOCK_SIZE/2;
+constexpr unsigned int MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS = MAX_BLOCK_SIZE/50;
+constexpr unsigned int MAX_ORPHAN_TRANSACTIONS = MAX_BLOCK_SIZE/100;
+constexpr unsigned int MAX_ORPHAN_BLOCKS = 750;
+constexpr unsigned int MAX_ORPHAN_BLOCKS_IBD = 1500;
+constexpr unsigned int MAX_REORG_DEPTH = 100;  // reject reorgs deeper than this (finality)
+constexpr unsigned int MAX_INV_SZ = 50000;
+constexpr int64_t MIN_TX_FEE = (1 * CENT) / 100;
+constexpr int64_t MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE = (1 * CENT) / 100;
+constexpr int64_t MAX_MONEY = 2222222 * COIN;
+constexpr int64_t  COIN_YEAR_REWARD =  33 * CENT; // 33% per year
+constexpr int64_t MAX_TRI_PROOF_OF_STAKE = 0.33 * COIN;
+constexpr int MODIFIER_INTERVAL_SWITCH = 1;
 
 inline bool MoneyRange(int64_t nValue) { return (nValue >= 0 && nValue <= MAX_MONEY); }
 // Threshold for nLockTime: below this value it is interpreted as block number, otherwise as UNIX timestamp.
-static const unsigned int LOCKTIME_THRESHOLD = 500000000; // Tue Nov  5 00:53:20 1985 UTC
+constexpr unsigned int LOCKTIME_THRESHOLD = 500000000; // Tue Nov  5 00:53:20 1985 UTC
 
 #ifdef USE_UPNP
 static const int fHaveUPnP = true;
@@ -95,7 +97,7 @@ extern int64_t nTimeBestReceived;
 extern CCriticalSection cs_setpwalletRegistered;
 extern std::set<CWallet*> setpwalletRegistered;
 extern unsigned char pchMessageStart[4];
-extern std::map<uint256, CBlock*> mapOrphanBlocks;
+extern std::map<uint256, std::unique_ptr<CBlock>> mapOrphanBlocks;
 
 // Settings
 extern int64_t nTransactionFee;
@@ -107,7 +109,7 @@ extern unsigned int nDerivationMethodIndex;
 extern bool fEnforceCanonical;
 
 // Minimum disk space required - used in CheckDiskSpace()
-static const uint64_t nMinDiskSpace = 52428800;
+constexpr uint64_t nMinDiskSpace = 52428800;
 
 class CReserveKey;
 class CTxDBBase;
@@ -115,7 +117,7 @@ class CTxIndex;
 
 void RegisterWallet(CWallet* pwalletIn);
 void UnregisterWallet(CWallet* pwalletIn);
-void SyncWithWallets(const CTransaction& tx, const CBlock* pblock = NULL, bool fUpdate = false, bool fConnect = true);
+void SyncWithWallets(const CTransaction& tx, const CBlock* pblock = nullptr, bool fUpdate = false, bool fConnect = true);
 bool ProcessBlock(CNode* pfrom, CBlock* pblock);
 bool CheckDiskSpace(uint64_t nAdditionalBytes=0);
 FILE* OpenBlockFile(unsigned int nFile, unsigned int nBlockPos, const char* pszMode="rb");
@@ -135,7 +137,7 @@ int64_t GetProofOfStakeReward(int64_t nCoinAge, int64_t nFees);
 unsigned int ComputeMinWork(unsigned int nBase, int64_t nTime);
 unsigned int ComputeMinStake(unsigned int nBase, int64_t nTime, unsigned int nBlockTime);
 int GetNumBlocksOfPeers();
-bool IsInitialBlockDownload();
+[[nodiscard]] bool IsInitialBlockDownload();
 std::string GetWarnings(std::string strFor);
 bool GetTransaction(const uint256 &hash, CTransaction &tx, uint256 &hashBlock);
 uint256 WantedByOrphan(const CBlock* pblockOrphan);
@@ -186,10 +188,7 @@ public:
                 a.nTxPos    == b.nTxPos);
     }
 
-    friend bool operator!=(const CDiskTxPos& a, const CDiskTxPos& b)
-    {
-        return !(a == b);
-    }
+    friend bool operator!=(const CDiskTxPos& a, const CDiskTxPos& b) = default;
 
 
     std::string ToString() const
@@ -217,8 +216,8 @@ public:
 
     CInPoint() { SetNull(); }
     CInPoint(CTransaction* ptxIn, unsigned int nIn) { ptx = ptxIn; n = nIn; }
-    void SetNull() { ptx = NULL; n = (unsigned int) -1; }
-    bool IsNull() const { return (ptx == NULL && n == (unsigned int) -1); }
+    void SetNull() { ptx = nullptr; n = (unsigned int) -1; }
+    bool IsNull() const { return (ptx == nullptr && n == (unsigned int) -1); }
 };
 
 
@@ -246,10 +245,7 @@ public:
         return (a.hash == b.hash && a.n == b.n);
     }
 
-    friend bool operator!=(const COutPoint& a, const COutPoint& b)
-    {
-        return !(a == b);
-    }
+    friend bool operator!=(const COutPoint& a, const COutPoint& b) = default;
 
     std::string ToString() const
     {
@@ -314,10 +310,7 @@ public:
                 a.nSequence == b.nSequence);
     }
 
-    friend bool operator!=(const CTxIn& a, const CTxIn& b)
-    {
-        return !(a == b);
-    }
+    friend bool operator!=(const CTxIn& a, const CTxIn& b) = default;
 
     std::string ToStringShort() const
     {
@@ -407,10 +400,7 @@ public:
                 a.scriptPubKey == b.scriptPubKey);
     }
 
-    friend bool operator!=(const CTxOut& a, const CTxOut& b)
-    {
-        return !(a == b);
-    }
+    friend bool operator!=(const CTxOut& a, const CTxOut& b) = default;
 
     std::string ToStringShort() const
     {
@@ -434,11 +424,11 @@ public:
 
 
 
-enum GetMinFee_mode
+enum class GetMinFeeMode : int
 {
-    GMF_BLOCK,
-    GMF_RELAY,
-    GMF_SEND,
+    Block,
+    Relay,
+    Send,
 };
 
 /** A single unspent transaction output entry in the UTXO database.
@@ -485,7 +475,7 @@ public:
     }
 };
 
-typedef std::map<COutPoint, CUtxoEntry> MapPrevTx;
+using MapPrevTx = std::map<COutPoint, CUtxoEntry>;
 
 /** The basic transaction that is broadcasted on the network and contained in
  * blocks.  A transaction can contain multiple inputs and outputs.
@@ -599,7 +589,7 @@ public:
     /** Check for standard transaction types
         @return True if all outputs (scriptPubKeys) use only standard transaction forms
     */
-    bool IsStandard() const;
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsStandard() const;
 
     /** Check for standard transaction types
         @param[in] mapInputs	Map of previous transactions that have outputs we're spending
@@ -647,9 +637,9 @@ public:
      */
     int64_t GetValueIn(const MapPrevTx& mapInputs) const;
 
-    int64_t GetMinFee(unsigned int nBlockSize=1, enum GetMinFee_mode mode=GMF_BLOCK, unsigned int nBytes = 0) const;
+    int64_t GetMinFee(unsigned int nBlockSize=1, GetMinFeeMode mode=GetMinFeeMode::Block, unsigned int nBytes = 0) const;
 
-    bool ReadFromDisk(CDiskTxPos pos, FILE** pfileRet=NULL)
+    bool ReadFromDisk(CDiskTxPos pos, FILE** pfileRet=nullptr)
     {
         CAutoFile filein = CAutoFile(OpenBlockFile(pos.nFile, 0, pfileRet ? "rb+" : "rb"), SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
         if (!filein)
@@ -685,10 +675,7 @@ public:
                 a.nLockTime == b.nLockTime);
     }
 
-    friend bool operator!=(const CTransaction& a, const CTransaction& b)
-    {
-        return !(a == b);
-    }
+    friend bool operator!=(const CTransaction& a, const CTransaction& b) = default;
 
     std::string ToStringShort() const
     {
@@ -708,10 +695,10 @@ public:
             vin.size(),
             vout.size(),
             nLockTime);
-        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)
-            str += "    " + vin[i].ToString() + "\n";
-        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vout.size(); i++)
-            str += "    " + vout[i].ToString() + "\n";
+        for (const CTxIn& txin : vin)
+            str += "    " + txin.ToString() + "\n";
+        for (const CTxOut& txout : vout)
+            str += "    " + txout.ToString() + "\n";
         return str;
     }
 
@@ -747,12 +734,12 @@ public:
         @param[in] fMiner       true if called from CreateNewBlock
         @return Returns true if all checks succeed
      */
-    bool ConnectInputs(CTxDBBase& txdb, const MapPrevTx& inputs,
+    [[nodiscard]] bool ConnectInputs(CTxDBBase& txdb, const MapPrevTx& inputs,
                        const CBlockIndex* pindexBlock, bool fBlock, bool fMiner,
-                       std::vector<CScriptCheck>* pvChecks = NULL);
+                       std::vector<CScriptCheck>* pvChecks = nullptr);
     bool ClientConnectInputs();
-    bool CheckTransaction() const;
-    bool AcceptToMemoryPool(CTxDBBase& txdb, bool fCheckInputs=true, bool* pfMissingInputs=NULL);
+    [[nodiscard]] bool CheckTransaction() const;
+    [[nodiscard]] bool AcceptToMemoryPool(CTxDBBase& txdb, bool fCheckInputs=true, bool* pfMissingInputs=nullptr);
     bool GetCoinAge(CTxDBBase& txdb, uint64_t& nCoinAge) const;  // triangles: get transaction coin age
 
 protected:
@@ -805,7 +792,7 @@ public:
     )
 
 
-    int SetMerkleBranch(const CBlock* pblock=NULL);
+    int SetMerkleBranch(const CBlock* pblock=nullptr);
 
     // Return depth of transaction in blockchain:
     // -1  : not in blockchain, and not in memory pool (conflicted transaction)
@@ -869,10 +856,7 @@ public:
                 a.vSpent == b.vSpent);
     }
 
-    friend bool operator!=(const CTxIndex& a, const CTxIndex& b)
-    {
-        return !(a == b);
-    }
+    friend bool operator!=(const CTxIndex& a, const CTxIndex& b) = default;
     int GetDepthInMainChain() const;
 
 };
@@ -957,6 +941,7 @@ public:
         vMerkleTree.clear();
         nDoS = 0;
         fCachedHash = false;
+        fMerkleTreeCached = false;
     }
 
     bool IsNull() const
@@ -966,6 +951,7 @@ public:
 
     mutable uint256 cachedHash;
     mutable bool fCachedHash;
+    mutable bool fMerkleTreeCached;
 
     uint256 GetHash() const
     {
@@ -1007,7 +993,7 @@ public:
 
     std::pair<COutPoint, unsigned int> GetProofOfStake() const
     {
-        return IsProofOfStake()? std::make_pair(vtx[1].vin[0].prevout, vtx[1].nTime) : std::make_pair(COutPoint(), (unsigned int)0);
+        return IsProofOfStake()? std::pair{vtx[1].vin[0].prevout, vtx[1].nTime} : std::pair{COutPoint(), (unsigned int)0};
     }
 
     // triangles: get max transaction timestamp
@@ -1021,6 +1007,9 @@ public:
 
     uint256 BuildMerkleTree() const
     {
+        if (fMerkleTreeCached)
+            return (vMerkleTree.empty() ? 0 : vMerkleTree.back());
+
         vMerkleTree.clear();
         for (const CTransaction& tx : vtx)
             vMerkleTree.push_back(tx.GetHash());
@@ -1035,6 +1024,7 @@ public:
             }
             j += nSize;
         }
+        fMerkleTreeCached = true;
         return (vMerkleTree.empty() ? 0 : vMerkleTree.back());
     }
 
@@ -1134,25 +1124,25 @@ public:
             nTime, nBits, nNonce,
             vtx.size(),
             HexStr(vchBlockSig.begin(), vchBlockSig.end()).c_str());
-        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vtx.size(); i++)
+        for (const CTransaction& tx : vtx)
         {
             printf("  ");
-            vtx[i].print();
+            tx.print();
         }
         printf("  vMerkleTree: ");
-        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vMerkleTree.size(); i++)
-            printf("%s ", vMerkleTree[i].ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
+        for (const uint256& merkle : vMerkleTree)
+            printf("%s ", merkle.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
         printf("\n");
     }
 
 
     bool DisconnectBlock(CTxDBBase& txdb, CBlockIndex* pindex);
-    bool ConnectBlock(CTxDBBase& txdb, CBlockIndex* pindex, bool fJustCheck=false);
+    [[nodiscard]] bool ConnectBlock(CTxDBBase& txdb, CBlockIndex* pindex, bool fJustCheck=false);
     bool ReadFromDisk(const CBlockIndex* pindex, bool fReadTransactions=true);
     bool SetBestChain(CTxDBBase& txdb, CBlockIndex* pindexNew);
     bool AddToBlockIndex(unsigned int nFile, unsigned int nBlockPos, const uint256& hashProofOfStake);
     bool CheckBlock(bool fCheckPOW=true, bool fCheckMerkleRoot=true, bool fCheckSig=true) const;
-    bool AcceptBlock();
+    [[nodiscard]] bool AcceptBlock();
     bool GetCoinAge(uint64_t& nCoinAge) const; // triangles: calculate total coin age spent in block
     bool SignBlock(CWallet& keystore, int64_t nFees);
     bool CheckBlockSignature() const;
@@ -1212,9 +1202,9 @@ public:
 
     CBlockIndex()
     {
-        phashBlock = NULL;
-        pprev = NULL;
-        pnext = NULL;
+        phashBlock = nullptr;
+        pprev = nullptr;
+        pnext = nullptr;
         nFile = 0;
         nBlockPos = 0;
         nHeight = 0;
@@ -1235,32 +1225,16 @@ public:
         nNonce         = 0;
     }
 
-    CBlockIndex(unsigned int nFileIn, unsigned int nBlockPosIn, CBlock& block)
+    CBlockIndex(unsigned int nFileIn, unsigned int nBlockPosIn, CBlock& block) : CBlockIndex()
     {
-        phashBlock = NULL;
-        pprev = NULL;
-        pnext = NULL;
         nFile = nFileIn;
         nBlockPos = nBlockPosIn;
-        nHeight = 0;
-        nChainTrust = 0;
-        nMint = 0;
-        nMoneySupply = 0;
-        nFlags = 0;
-        nStakeModifier = 0;
-        nStakeModifierChecksum = 0;
-        hashProofOfStake = 0;
         if (block.IsProofOfStake())
         {
             SetProofOfStake();
             prevoutStake = block.vtx[1].vin[0].prevout;
             nStakeTime = block.vtx[1].nTime;
         }
-        else
-        {
-            prevoutStake.SetNull();
-            nStakeTime = 0;
-        }
 
         nVersion       = block.nVersion;
         hashMerkleRoot = block.hashMerkleRoot;
@@ -1313,9 +1287,9 @@ public:
 
     int64_t GetMedianTimePast() const
     {
-        int64_t pmedian[nMedianTimeSpan];
-        int64_t* pbegin = &pmedian[nMedianTimeSpan];
-        int64_t* pend = &pmedian[nMedianTimeSpan];
+        std::array<int64_t, nMedianTimeSpan> pmedian{};
+        auto pbegin = pmedian.end();
+        auto pend = pmedian.end();
 
         const CBlockIndex* pindex = this;
         for (int i = 0; i < nMedianTimeSpan && pindex; i++, pindex = pindex->pprev)
@@ -1541,10 +1515,7 @@ public:
             Set((*mi).second);
     }
 
-    CBlockLocator(const std::vector<uint256>& vHaveIn)
-    {
-        vHave = vHaveIn;
-    }
+    CBlockLocator(std::vector<uint256> vHaveIn) : vHave(std::move(vHaveIn)) {}
 
     IMPLEMENT_SERIALIZE
     (
@@ -1678,6 +1649,7 @@ public:
 
     bool exists(uint256 hash)
     {
+        LOCK(cs);
         return (mapTx.count(hash) != 0);
     }
 
@@ -1744,7 +1716,7 @@ public:
         {
             if (i <= 1) {
                 // Always prefill coinbase (idx 0) and coinstake (idx 1)
-                vPrefilledTxn.push_back(std::make_pair(i, block.vtx[i]));
+                vPrefilledTxn.push_back({i, block.vtx[i]});
             } else {
                 vShortTxIds.push_back(GetShortTxId(block.vtx[i].GetHash(), nShortIdNonce));
             }
@@ -1818,7 +1790,7 @@ private:
     int nHashType;
 
 public:
-    CScriptCheck() : ptxTo(NULL), nIn(0), nHashType(0) {}
+    CScriptCheck() : ptxTo(nullptr), nIn(0), nHashType(0) {}
 
     CScriptCheck(const CScript& scriptPubKeyIn, const CScript& scriptSigIn,
                  const CTransaction& txToIn, unsigned int nInIn, int nHashTypeIn)
@@ -1845,6 +1817,6 @@ public:
     }
 };
 
-extern CCheckQueue<CScriptCheck>* pScriptCheckQueue;
+extern std::unique_ptr<CCheckQueue<CScriptCheck>> pScriptCheckQueue;
 
 #endif

src/miner.cpp

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ uint64_t nLastBlockSize = 0;
 int64_t nLastCoinStakeSearchInterval = 0;
  
 // We want to sort transactions by priority and fee, so:
-typedef std::tuple<double, double, CTransaction*> TxPriority;
+using TxPriority = std::tuple<double, double, CTransaction*>;
 class TxPriorityCompare
 {
     bool byFee;
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ CBlock* CreateNewBlock(CWallet* pwallet, bool fProofOfStake, int64_t* pFees)
     // Create new block
     unique_ptr<CBlock> pblock(new CBlock());
     if (!pblock.get())
-        return NULL;
+        return nullptr;
 
     CBlockIndex* pindexPrev = pindexBest;
 
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ CBlock* CreateNewBlock(CWallet* pwallet, bool fProofOfStake, int64_t* pFees)
     int64_t nFees = 0;
     {
         LOCK2(cs_main, mempool.cs);
-        CTxDB txdb("r");
+        auto txdb_holder = MakeChainDB("r"); CTxDBBase& txdb = *txdb_holder;
 
         // Priority order to process transactions
         list<COrphan> vOrphan; // list memory doesn't move
@@ -145,13 +145,12 @@ CBlock* CreateNewBlock(CWallet* pwallet, bool fProofOfStake, int64_t* pFees)
         // This vector will be sorted into a priority queue:
         vector<TxPriority> vecPriority;
         vecPriority.reserve(mempool.mapTx.size());
-        for (map<uint256, CTransaction>::iterator mi = mempool.mapTx.begin(); mi != mempool.mapTx.end(); ++mi)
+        for (auto& [hash, tx] : mempool.mapTx)
         {
-            CTransaction& tx = (*mi).second;
             if (tx.IsCoinBase() || tx.IsCoinStake() || !tx.IsFinal())
                 continue;
 
-            COrphan* porphan = NULL;
+            COrphan* porphan = nullptr;
             double dPriority = 0;
             int64_t nTotalIn = 0;
             bool fMissingInputs = false;
@@ -210,7 +209,7 @@ CBlock* CreateNewBlock(CWallet* pwallet, bool fProofOfStake, int64_t* pFees)
                 porphan->dFeePerKb = dFeePerKb;
             }
             else
-                vecPriority.push_back(TxPriority(dPriority, dFeePerKb, &(*mi).second));
+                vecPriority.push_back(TxPriority(dPriority, dFeePerKb, &tx));
         }
 
         // Collect transactions into block
@@ -247,7 +246,7 @@ CBlock* CreateNewBlock(CWallet* pwallet, bool fProofOfStake, int64_t* pFees)
                 continue;
 
             // Transaction fee
-            int64_t nMinFee = tx.GetMinFee(nBlockSize, GMF_BLOCK);
+            int64_t nMinFee = tx.GetMinFee(nBlockSize, GetMinFeeMode::Block);
 
             // Skip free transactions if we're past the minimum block size:
             if (fSortedByFee && (dFeePerKb < nMinTxFee) && (nBlockSize + nTxSize >= nBlockMinSize))
@@ -372,7 +371,7 @@ bool CheckStake(CBlock* pblock, CWallet& wallet)
         }
 
         // Process this block the same as if we had received it from another node
-        if (!ProcessBlock(NULL, pblock))
+        if (!ProcessBlock(nullptr, pblock))
             return error("CheckStake() : ProcessBlock, block not accepted");
     }
 
@@ -387,6 +386,7 @@ void StakeMiner(CWallet *pwallet)
     RenameThread("Triangles-miner");
 
     bool fTryToSync = true;
+    bool fForceStaking = GetBoolArg("-forcestaking", false);
 
     while (true)
     {
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ void StakeMiner(CWallet *pwallet)
                 return;
         }
 
-        while (vNodes.empty() || IsInitialBlockDownload())
+        while (!fForceStaking && (vNodes.empty() || IsInitialBlockDownload()))
         {
             nLastCoinStakeSearchInterval = 0;
             fTryToSync = true;
@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ void StakeMiner(CWallet *pwallet)
                 return;
         }
 
-        if (fTryToSync)
+        if (fTryToSync && !fForceStaking)
         {
             fTryToSync = false;
             if (vNodes.size() < 2 || nBestHeight < GetNumBlocksOfPeers())

src/net.cpp

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 // Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
 // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
 
-#include "irc.h"
 #include "db.h"
 #include "net.h"
 #include "main.h"
@@ -48,7 +47,7 @@ void ThreadMapPort2(void* parg);
 #endif
 void ThreadHTTPSeedFetch(void* parg);
 bool ThreadHTTPSeedFetch2(void* parg);
-bool OpenNetworkConnection(const CAddress& addrConnect, CSemaphoreGrant *grantOutbound = NULL, const char *strDest = NULL, bool fOneShot = false);
+bool OpenNetworkConnection(const CAddress& addrConnect, CSemaphoreGrant *grantOutbound = nullptr, const char *strDest = nullptr, bool fOneShot = false);
 
 
 struct LocalServiceInfo {
@@ -60,7 +59,7 @@ struct LocalServiceInfo {
 // Global state variables
 //
 bool fClient = false;
-//bool fDiscover = true;
+
 
 #ifdef USE_UPNP
 bool fUseUPnP = GetBoolArg("-upnp", USE_UPNP);
@@ -72,10 +71,10 @@ static CCriticalSection cs_mapLocalHost;
 static map<CNetAddr, LocalServiceInfo> mapLocalHost;
 static bool vfReachable[NET_MAX] = {};
 static bool vfLimited[NET_MAX] = {};
-static CNode* pnodeLocalHost = NULL;
+static CNode* pnodeLocalHost = nullptr;
 CAddress addrSeenByPeer(CService("0.0.0.0", 0), nLocalServices);
 uint64_t nLocalHostNonce = 0;
-boost::array<int, THREAD_MAX> vnThreadsRunning;
+std::array<int, THREAD_MAX> vnThreadsRunning;
 static std::vector<SOCKET> vhListenSocket;
 CAddrMan addrman;
 
@@ -92,7 +91,7 @@ CCriticalSection cs_vOneShots;
 set<CNetAddr> setservAddNodeAddresses;
 CCriticalSection cs_setservAddNodeAddresses;
 
-static CSemaphore *semOutbound = NULL;
+static CSemaphore *semOutbound = nullptr;
 
 void AddOneShot(string strDest)
 {
@@ -348,7 +347,7 @@ bool GetMyExternalIP2(const CService& addrConnect, const char* pszGet, const cha
                     closesocket(hSocket);
                     return false;
                 }
-                if (pszKeyword == NULL)
+                if (pszKeyword == nullptr)
                     break;
                 if (strLine.find(pszKeyword) != string::npos)
                 {
@@ -424,7 +423,7 @@ bool GetMyExternalIP(CNetAddr& ipRet)
                      "Connection: close\r\n"
                      "\r\n";
 
-            pszKeyword = NULL; // Returns just IP address
+            pszKeyword = nullptr; // Returns just IP address
         }
 
         if (GetMyExternalIP2(addrConnect, pszGet, pszKeyword, ipRet))
@@ -470,7 +469,7 @@ CNode* FindNode(const CNetAddr& ip)
             if ((CNetAddr)pnode->addr == ip)
                 return (pnode);
     }
-    return NULL;
+    return nullptr;
 }
 
 CNode* FindNode(std::string addrName)
@@ -479,7 +478,7 @@ CNode* FindNode(std::string addrName)
     for (CNode* pnode : vNodes)
         if (pnode->addrName == addrName)
             return (pnode);
-    return NULL;
+    return nullptr;
 }
 
 CNode* FindNode(const CService& addr)
@@ -490,7 +489,7 @@ CNode* FindNode(const CService& addr)
             if ((CService)pnode->addr == addr)
                 return (pnode);
     }
-    return NULL;
+    return nullptr;
 }
 
 CNode* ConnectNode(CAddress addrConnect, const char *pszDest)
@@ -500,12 +499,12 @@ CNode* ConnectNode(CAddress addrConnect, const char *pszDest)
     if (addrStr.find(".onion") == std::string::npos) {
         if (fDebug)
             printf("ConnectNode(): REJECTED non-onion address: %s (Tor-native mode)\n", addrStr.c_str());
-        return NULL;
+        return nullptr;
     }
 
-    if (pszDest == NULL) {
+    if (pszDest == nullptr) {
         if (IsLocal(addrConnect))
-            return NULL;
+            return nullptr;
 
         // Look for an existing connection
         CNode* pnode = FindNode((CService)addrConnect);
@@ -558,7 +557,7 @@ CNode* ConnectNode(CAddress addrConnect, const char *pszDest)
     }
     else
     {
-        return NULL;
+        return nullptr;
     }
 }
 
@@ -905,13 +904,9 @@ void ThreadSocketHandler2(void* parg)
                             TRY_LOCK(pnode->cs_vRecvMsg, lockRecv);
                             if (lockRecv)
                             {
-                                TRY_LOCK(pnode->cs_mapRequests, lockReq);
-                                if (lockReq)
-                                {
-                                    TRY_LOCK(pnode->cs_inventory, lockInv);
-                                    if (lockInv)
-                                        fDelete = true;
-                                }
+                                TRY_LOCK(pnode->cs_inventory, lockInv);
+                                if (lockInv)
+                                    fDelete = true;
                             }
                         }
                     }
@@ -1047,7 +1042,7 @@ void ThreadSocketHandler2(void* parg)
                     bool fIsSeed = false;
                     static const char *(*strOnionSeedCheck)[1] = fTestNet ? strTestNetOnionSeed : strMainNetOnionSeed;
                     std::string incomingAddr = addr.ToStringIP();
-                    for (unsigned int si = 0; strOnionSeedCheck[si][0] != NULL; si++) {
+                    for (unsigned int si = 0; strOnionSeedCheck[si][0] != nullptr; si++) {
                         if (incomingAddr.find(strOnionSeedCheck[si][0]) != std::string::npos) {
                             fIsSeed = true;
                             break;
@@ -1209,7 +1204,7 @@ void ThreadMapPort(void* parg)
         PrintException(&e, "ThreadMapPort()");
     } catch (...) {
         vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_UPNP]--;
-        PrintException(NULL, "ThreadMapPort()");
+        PrintException(nullptr, "ThreadMapPort()");
     }
     printf("ThreadMapPort exited\n");
 }
@@ -1330,7 +1325,7 @@ void MapPort()
     printf("MapPort()...\n");
     if (fUseUPnP && vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_UPNP] < 1)
     {
-        if (!NewThread(ThreadMapPort, NULL))
+        if (!NewThread(ThreadMapPort, nullptr))
             printf("Error: ThreadMapPort(ThreadMapPort) failed\n");
     }
 }
@@ -1408,7 +1403,7 @@ void ThreadOnionSeed(void* parg)
     static const char *(*strOnionSeed)[1] = fTestNet ? strTestNetOnionSeed : strMainNetOnionSeed;
     int found = 0;
 
-    for (unsigned int seed_idx = 0; strOnionSeed[seed_idx][0] != NULL; seed_idx++) {
+    for (unsigned int seed_idx = 0; strOnionSeed[seed_idx][0] != nullptr; seed_idx++) {
         CNetAddr parsed;
         if (!parsed.SetSpecial(strOnionSeed[seed_idx][0]))
             throw runtime_error("ThreadOnionSeed() : invalid .onion seed");
@@ -1446,7 +1441,7 @@ void ThreadOnionSeed(void* parg)
                     MilliSleep(1000);
             }
             if (!fShutdown)
-                ok = ThreadHTTPSeedFetch2(NULL);
+                ok = ThreadHTTPSeedFetch2(nullptr);
         }
         if (!ok && !fShutdown)
             printf("ThreadOnionSeed: all HTTPS seed fetch attempts failed\n");
@@ -1504,10 +1499,10 @@ void ThreadOnionSeed(void* parg)
             else
                 printf("ThreadOnionSeed: low outbound peers (%d), re-seeding...\n", nOutbound);
 
-            ThreadHTTPSeedFetch2(NULL);
+            ThreadHTTPSeedFetch2(nullptr);
 
             // Re-queue hardcoded seeds for direct connection
-            for (unsigned int seed_idx = 0; strOnionSeed[seed_idx][0] != NULL; seed_idx++) {
+            for (unsigned int seed_idx = 0; strOnionSeed[seed_idx][0] != nullptr; seed_idx++) {
                 std::string oneShotAddr = std::string(strOnionSeed[seed_idx][0])
                                         + ":" + std::to_string(GetDefaultPort());
                 AddOneShot(oneShotAddr);
@@ -1592,8 +1587,8 @@ bool ThreadHTTPSeedFetch2(void* parg)
 
     printf("Fetching seed list from https://%s%s (via Tor)...\n", seedHost.c_str(), seedPath.c_str());
 
-    SSL_CTX* ctx = NULL;
-    SSL* ssl = NULL;
+    SSL_CTX* ctx = nullptr;
+    SSL* ssl = nullptr;
     SOCKET hSocket = INVALID_SOCKET;
 
     try {
@@ -1616,7 +1611,7 @@ bool ThreadHTTPSeedFetch2(void* parg)
 
         // Use system default CA certificates for verification
         SSL_CTX_set_default_verify_paths(ctx);
-        SSL_CTX_set_verify(ctx, SSL_VERIFY_PEER, NULL);
+        SSL_CTX_set_verify(ctx, SSL_VERIFY_PEER, nullptr);
 
         ssl = SSL_new(ctx);
         if (!ssl) {
@@ -1682,8 +1677,8 @@ bool ThreadHTTPSeedFetch2(void* parg)
         SSL_free(ssl);
         SSL_CTX_free(ctx);
         closesocket(hSocket);
-        ssl = NULL;
-        ctx = NULL;
+        ssl = nullptr;
+        ctx = nullptr;
         hSocket = INVALID_SOCKET;
 
         if (response.empty()) {
@@ -1790,7 +1785,7 @@ void ThreadHTTPSeedFetch(void* parg)
         PrintException(&e, "ThreadHTTPSeedFetch()");
     } catch (...) {
         vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_HTTPSEED]--;
-        PrintException(NULL, "ThreadHTTPSeedFetch()");
+        PrintException(nullptr, "ThreadHTTPSeedFetch()");
     }
     printf("ThreadHTTPSeedFetch exited\n");
 }
@@ -1811,7 +1806,7 @@ void ThreadOpenConnections(void* parg)
         PrintException(&e, "ThreadOpenConnections()");
     } catch (...) {
         vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_OPENCONNECTIONS]--;
-        PrintException(NULL, "ThreadOpenConnections()");
+        PrintException(nullptr, "ThreadOpenConnections()");
     }
     printf("ThreadOpenConnections exited\n");
 }
@@ -1885,7 +1880,7 @@ void ThreadOpenConnections2(void* parg)
             for (string strAddr : mapMultiArgs["-connect"])
             {
                 CAddress addr;
-                OpenNetworkConnection(addr, NULL, strAddr.c_str());
+                OpenNetworkConnection(addr, nullptr, strAddr.c_str());
                 for (int i = 0; i < 10 && i < nLoop; i++)
                 {
                     MilliSleep(500);
@@ -1993,7 +1988,7 @@ void ThreadOpenAddedConnections(void* parg)
         PrintException(&e, "ThreadOpenAddedConnections()");
     } catch (...) {
         vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_ADDEDCONNECTIONS]--;
-        PrintException(NULL, "ThreadOpenAddedConnections()");
+        PrintException(nullptr, "ThreadOpenAddedConnections()");
     }
     printf("ThreadOpenAddedConnections exited\n");
 }
@@ -2125,7 +2120,7 @@ void ThreadMessageHandler(void* parg)
         PrintException(&e, "ThreadMessageHandler()");
     } catch (...) {
         vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_MESSAGEHANDLER]--;
-        PrintException(NULL, "ThreadMessageHandler()");
+        PrintException(nullptr, "ThreadMessageHandler()");
     }
     printf("ThreadMessageHandler exited\n");
 }
@@ -2146,7 +2141,7 @@ void ThreadMessageHandler2(void* parg)
         }
 
         // Poll the connected nodes for messages
-        CNode* pnodeTrickle = NULL;
+        CNode* pnodeTrickle = nullptr;
         if (!vNodesCopy.empty())
             pnodeTrickle = vNodesCopy[GetRand(vNodesCopy.size())];
         for (CNode* pnode : vNodesCopy)
@@ -2391,7 +2386,7 @@ void StartNode(void* parg)
     // Make this thread recognisable as the startup thread
     RenameThread("Triangles-start");
 
-    if (semOutbound == NULL) {
+    if (semOutbound == nullptr) {
         // initialize semaphore — use -maxoutbound if specified, else default
         int nMaxOutbound = (int)GetArg("-maxoutbound", MAX_OUTBOUND_CONNECTIONS);
         nMaxOutbound = min(nMaxOutbound, (int)GetArg("-maxconnections", 125));
@@ -2400,7 +2395,7 @@ void StartNode(void* parg)
         semOutbound = new CSemaphore(nMaxOutbound);
     }
 
-    if (pnodeLocalHost == NULL)
+    if (pnodeLocalHost == nullptr)
         pnodeLocalHost = new CNode(INVALID_SOCKET, CAddress(CService("127.0.0.1", 0), nLocalServices));
 
     printf("StartNode(): pnodeLocalHost addr: %s\n",
@@ -2416,7 +2411,7 @@ void StartNode(void* parg)
     if (!GetBoolArg("-onionseed", true))
         printf(".onion seeding disabled\n");
     else
-        if (!NewThread(ThreadOnionSeed, NULL))
+        if (!NewThread(ThreadOnionSeed, nullptr))
               printf("Error: NewThread(ThreadOnionSeed) failed\n");
 
     // Map ports with UPnP (default)
@@ -2429,34 +2424,34 @@ void StartNode(void* parg)
         printf("HTTP seed fetch handled by onion seed thread\n");
     else if (GetBoolArg("-noseedurl", false))
         printf("HTTP seed fetch disabled\n");
-    else if (!NewThread(ThreadHTTPSeedFetch, NULL))
+    else if (!NewThread(ThreadHTTPSeedFetch, nullptr))
         printf("Error: NewThread(ThreadHTTPSeedFetch) failed\n");
 
     // Send and receive from sockets, accept connections
-    if (!NewThread(ThreadSocketHandler, NULL))
+    if (!NewThread(ThreadSocketHandler, nullptr))
         printf("Error: NewThread(ThreadSocketHandler) failed\n");
 
     // Initiate outbound connections from -addnode
-    if (!NewThread(ThreadOpenAddedConnections, NULL))
+    if (!NewThread(ThreadOpenAddedConnections, nullptr))
         printf("Error: NewThread(ThreadOpenAddedConnections) failed\n");
 
     // Initiate outbound connections
-    if (!NewThread(ThreadOpenConnections, NULL))
+    if (!NewThread(ThreadOpenConnections, nullptr))
         printf("Error: NewThread(ThreadOpenConnections) failed\n");
 
     // Process messages
-    if (!NewThread(ThreadMessageHandler, NULL))
+    if (!NewThread(ThreadMessageHandler, nullptr))
         printf("Error: NewThread(ThreadMessageHandler) failed\n");
 
     // Dump network addresses
-    if (!NewThread(ThreadDumpAddress, NULL))
+    if (!NewThread(ThreadDumpAddress, nullptr))
         printf("Error; NewThread(ThreadDumpAddress) failed\n");
 
     // Mine proof-of-stake blocks in the background
     if (!GetBoolArg("-stake", true))
         printf("Staking disabled at startup (stake=0).\n");
         else
-        if (!NewThread(ThreadStakeMiner, pwalletMain))
+        if (!NewThread(ThreadStakeMiner, pwalletMain.get()))
             printf("Error: NewThread(ThreadStakeMiner) failed\n");
 }
 
@@ -2572,8 +2567,8 @@ void RelayTransaction(const CTransaction& tx, const uint256& hash, const CDataSt
         }
 
         // Save original serialized message so newer versions are preserved
-        mapRelay.insert(std::make_pair(inv, ss));
-        vRelayExpiration.push_back(std::make_pair(GetTime() + 15 * 60, inv));
+        mapRelay.insert({inv, ss});
+        vRelayExpiration.push_back({GetTime() + 15 * 60, inv});
     }
 
     RelayInventory(inv);

src/net.h

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 #define TRIANGLES_NET_H
 
 #include <deque>
-#include <boost/array.hpp>
+#include <array>
 #include <openssl/rand.h>
 
 #ifndef WIN32
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 #include "protocol.h"
 #include "addrman.h"
 
-class CRequestTracker;
 class CNode;
 class CBlockIndex;
 bool IsInitialBlockDownload();
@@ -35,7 +34,7 @@ bool GetMyExternalIP(CNetAddr& ipRet);
 void AddressCurrentlyConnected(const CService& addr);
 CNode* FindNode(const CNetAddr& ip);
 CNode* FindNode(const CService& ip);
-CNode* ConnectNode(CAddress addrConnect, const char *strDest = NULL);
+CNode* ConnectNode(CAddress addrConnect, const char *strDest = nullptr);
 void MapPort();
 unsigned short GetListenPort();
 bool BindListenPort(const CService &bindAddr, std::string& strError=REF(std::string()));
@@ -64,10 +63,10 @@ bool AddLocal(const CService& addr, int nScore = LOCAL_NONE);
 bool AddLocal(const CNetAddr& addr, int nScore = LOCAL_NONE);
 bool SeenLocal(const CService& addr);
 bool IsLocal(const CService& addr);
-bool GetLocal(CService &addr, const CNetAddr *paddrPeer = NULL);
+bool GetLocal(CService &addr, const CNetAddr *paddrPeer = nullptr);
 bool IsReachable(const CNetAddr &addr);
 void SetReachable(enum Network net, bool fFlag = true);
-CAddress GetLocalAddress(const CNetAddr *paddrPeer = NULL);
+CAddress GetLocalAddress(const CNetAddr *paddrPeer = nullptr);
 
 
 enum
@@ -76,25 +75,6 @@ enum
     MSG_BLOCK,
 };
 
-class CRequestTracker
-{
-public:
-    void (*fn)(void*, CDataStream&);
-    void* param1;
-
-    explicit CRequestTracker(void (*fnIn)(void*, CDataStream&)=NULL, void* param1In=NULL)
-    {
-        fn = fnIn;
-        param1 = param1In;
-    }
-
-    bool IsNull()
-    {
-        return fn == NULL;
-    }
-};
-
-
 /** Thread types */
 enum threadId
 {
@@ -118,7 +98,7 @@ extern bool fUseUPnP;
 extern uint64_t nLocalServices;
 extern uint64_t nLocalHostNonce;
 extern CAddress addrSeenByPeer;
-extern boost::array<int, THREAD_MAX> vnThreadsRunning;
+extern std::array<int, THREAD_MAX> vnThreadsRunning;
 extern CAddrMan addrman;
 
 extern std::vector<CNode*> vNodes;
@@ -268,8 +248,6 @@ protected:
     int nMisbehavior;
 
 public:
-    std::map<uint256, CRequestTracker> mapRequests;
-    CCriticalSection cs_mapRequests;
     uint256 hashContinue;
     CBlockIndex* pindexLastGetBlocksBegin;
     uint256 hashLastGetBlocksEnd;
@@ -466,7 +444,7 @@ public:
             nRequestTime = nNow;
         else
             nRequestTime = std::max(nRequestTime + 2 * 60 * 1000000, nNow);
-        mapAskFor.insert(std::make_pair(nRequestTime, inv));
+        mapAskFor.insert({nRequestTime, inv});
     }
 
 
@@ -545,13 +523,15 @@ public:
         }
     }
 
-    template<typename T1>
-    void PushMessage(const char* pszCommand, const T1& a1)
+    template<typename T1, typename... Args>
+    void PushMessage(const char* pszCommand, const T1& a1, const Args&... args)
     {
         try
         {
             BeginMessage(pszCommand);
             ssSend << a1;
+            using swallow = int[];
+            (void)swallow{0, ((void)(ssSend << args), 0)...};
             EndMessage();
         }
         catch (...)
@@ -561,180 +541,6 @@ public:
         }
     }
 
-    template<typename T1, typename T2>
-    void PushMessage(const char* pszCommand, const T1& a1, const T2& a2)
-    {
-        try
-        {
-            BeginMessage(pszCommand);
-            ssSend << a1 << a2;
-            EndMessage();
-        }
-        catch (...)
-        {
-            AbortMessage();
-            throw;
-        }
-    }
-
-    template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3>
-    void PushMessage(const char* pszCommand, const T1& a1, const T2& a2, const T3& a3)
-    {
-        try
-        {
-            BeginMessage(pszCommand);
-            ssSend << a1 << a2 << a3;
-            EndMessage();
-        }
-        catch (...)
-        {
-            AbortMessage();
-            throw;
-        }
-    }
-
-    template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4>
-    void PushMessage(const char* pszCommand, const T1& a1, const T2& a2, const T3& a3, const T4& a4)
-    {
-        try
-        {
-            BeginMessage(pszCommand);
-            ssSend << a1 << a2 << a3 << a4;
-            EndMessage();
-        }
-        catch (...)
-        {
-            AbortMessage();
-            throw;
-        }
-    }
-
-    template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5>
-    void PushMessage(const char* pszCommand, const T1& a1, const T2& a2, const T3& a3, const T4& a4, const T5& a5)
-    {
-        try
-        {
-            BeginMessage(pszCommand);
-            ssSend << a1 << a2 << a3 << a4 << a5;
-            EndMessage();
-        }
-        catch (...)
-        {
-            AbortMessage();
-            throw;
-        }
-    }
-
-    template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5, typename T6>
-    void PushMessage(const char* pszCommand, const T1& a1, const T2& a2, const T3& a3, const T4& a4, const T5& a5, const T6& a6)
-    {
-        try
-        {
-            BeginMessage(pszCommand);
-            ssSend << a1 << a2 << a3 << a4 << a5 << a6;
-            EndMessage();
-        }
-        catch (...)
-        {
-            AbortMessage();
-            throw;
-        }
-    }
-
-    template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5, typename T6, typename T7>
-    void PushMessage(const char* pszCommand, const T1& a1, const T2& a2, const T3& a3, const T4& a4, const T5& a5, const T6& a6, const T7& a7)
-    {
-        try
-        {
-            BeginMessage(pszCommand);
-            ssSend << a1 << a2 << a3 << a4 << a5 << a6 << a7;
-            EndMessage();
-        }
-        catch (...)
-        {
-            AbortMessage();
-            throw;
-        }
-    }
-
-    template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5, typename T6, typename T7, typename T8>
-    void PushMessage(const char* pszCommand, const T1& a1, const T2& a2, const T3& a3, const T4& a4, const T5& a5, const T6& a6, const T7& a7, const T8& a8)
-    {
-        try
-        {
-            BeginMessage(pszCommand);
-            ssSend << a1 << a2 << a3 << a4 << a5 << a6 << a7 << a8;
-            EndMessage();
-        }
-        catch (...)
-        {
-            AbortMessage();
-            throw;
-        }
-    }
-
-    template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5, typename T6, typename T7, typename T8, typename T9>
-    void PushMessage(const char* pszCommand, const T1& a1, const T2& a2, const T3& a3, const T4& a4, const T5& a5, const T6& a6, const T7& a7, const T8& a8, const T9& a9)
-    {
-        try
-        {
-            BeginMessage(pszCommand);
-            ssSend << a1 << a2 << a3 << a4 << a5 << a6 << a7 << a8 << a9;
-            EndMessage();
-        }
-        catch (...)
-        {
-            AbortMessage();
-            throw;
-        }
-    }
-
-
-    void PushRequest(const char* pszCommand,
-                     void (*fn)(void*, CDataStream&), void* param1)
-    {
-        uint256 hashReply;
-        RAND_bytes((unsigned char*)&hashReply, sizeof(hashReply));
-
-        {
-            LOCK(cs_mapRequests);
-            mapRequests[hashReply] = CRequestTracker(fn, param1);
-        }
-
-        PushMessage(pszCommand, hashReply);
-    }
-
-    template<typename T1>
-    void PushRequest(const char* pszCommand, const T1& a1,
-                     void (*fn)(void*, CDataStream&), void* param1)
-    {
-        uint256 hashReply;
-        RAND_bytes((unsigned char*)&hashReply, sizeof(hashReply));
-
-        {
-            LOCK(cs_mapRequests);
-            mapRequests[hashReply] = CRequestTracker(fn, param1);
-        }
-
-        PushMessage(pszCommand, hashReply, a1);
-    }
-
-    template<typename T1, typename T2>
-    void PushRequest(const char* pszCommand, const T1& a1, const T2& a2,
-                     void (*fn)(void*, CDataStream&), void* param1)
-    {
-        uint256 hashReply;
-        RAND_bytes((unsigned char*)&hashReply, sizeof(hashReply));
-
-        {
-            LOCK(cs_mapRequests);
-            mapRequests[hashReply] = CRequestTracker(fn, param1);
-        }
-
-        PushMessage(pszCommand, hashReply, a1, a2);
-    }
-
-
 
     void PushGetBlocks(CBlockIndex* pindexBegin, uint256 hashEnd);
     void PushGetHeaders(CBlockIndex* pindexBegin, uint256 hashEnd);

src/netbase.cpp

@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@
 #endif
 
 #include "strlcpy.h"
-#include <boost/algorithm/string/case_conv.hpp> // for to_lower()
 
 using namespace std;
 
@@ -27,7 +26,7 @@ bool fNameLookup = false;
 static const unsigned char pchIPv4[12] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0xff, 0xff };
 
 enum Network ParseNetwork(std::string net) {
-    boost::to_lower(net);
+    net = ToLower(net);
     if (net == "ipv4") return NET_IPV4;
     if (net == "ipv6") return NET_IPV6;
     if (net == "tor")  return NET_TOR;
@@ -42,7 +41,7 @@ void SplitHostPort(std::string in, int &portOut, std::string &hostOut) {
     bool fBracketed = fHaveColon && (in[0]=='[' && in[colon-1]==']'); // if there is a colon, and in[0]=='[', colon is not 0, so in[colon-1] is safe
     bool fMultiColon = fHaveColon && (in.find_last_of(':',colon-1) != in.npos);
     if (fHaveColon && (colon==0 || fBracketed || !fMultiColon)) {
-        char *endp = NULL;
+        char *endp = nullptr;
         int n = strtol(in.c_str() + colon + 1, &endp, 10);
         if (endp && *endp == 0 && n >= 0) {
             in = in.substr(0, colon);
@@ -88,13 +87,13 @@ bool static LookupIntern(const char *pszName, std::vector<CNetAddr>& vIP, unsign
 #  endif
     aiHint.ai_flags = fAllowLookup ? AI_ADDRCONFIG : AI_NUMERICHOST;
 #endif
-    struct addrinfo *aiRes = NULL;
-    int nErr = getaddrinfo(pszName, NULL, &aiHint, &aiRes);
+    struct addrinfo *aiRes = nullptr;
+    int nErr = getaddrinfo(pszName, nullptr, &aiHint, &aiRes);
     if (nErr)
         return false;
 
     struct addrinfo *aiTrav = aiRes;
-    while (aiTrav != NULL && (nMaxSolutions == 0 || vIP.size() < nMaxSolutions))
+    while (aiTrav != nullptr && (nMaxSolutions == 0 || vIP.size() < nMaxSolutions))
     {
         if (aiTrav->ai_family == AF_INET)
         {
@@ -384,7 +383,7 @@ bool static ConnectSocketDirectly(const CService &addrConnect, SOCKET& hSocketRe
             fd_set fdset;
             FD_ZERO(&fdset);
             FD_SET(hSocket, &fdset);
-            int nRet = select(hSocket + 1, NULL, &fdset, NULL, &timeout);
+            int nRet = select(hSocket + 1, nullptr, &fdset, nullptr, &timeout);
             if (nRet == 0)
             {
                 printf("connection timeout\n");
@@ -454,7 +453,7 @@ bool SetProxy(enum Network net, CService addrProxy, int nSocksVersion) {
     if (nSocksVersion != 0 && !addrProxy.IsValid())
         return false;
     LOCK(cs_proxyInfos);
-    proxyInfo[net] = std::make_pair(addrProxy, nSocksVersion);
+    proxyInfo[net] = {addrProxy, nSocksVersion};
     return true;
 }
 
@@ -473,7 +472,7 @@ bool SetNameProxy(CService addrProxy, int nSocksVersion) {
     if (nSocksVersion != 0 && !addrProxy.IsValid())
         return false;
     LOCK(cs_proxyInfos);
-    nameproxyInfo = std::make_pair(addrProxy, nSocksVersion);
+    nameproxyInfo = {addrProxy, nSocksVersion};
     return true;
 }
 
@@ -868,7 +867,7 @@ std::string CNetAddr::ToStringIP() const
         unsigned char sha3hash[32];
         unsigned int sha3len = 0;
         EVP_MD_CTX *mdctx = EVP_MD_CTX_new();
-        EVP_DigestInit_ex(mdctx, EVP_sha3_256(), NULL);
+        EVP_DigestInit_ex(mdctx, EVP_sha3_256(), nullptr);
         EVP_DigestUpdate(mdctx, checksumInput, 48);
         EVP_DigestFinal_ex(mdctx, sha3hash, &sha3len);
         EVP_MD_CTX_free(mdctx);
@@ -890,7 +889,7 @@ std::string CNetAddr::ToStringIP() const
     socklen_t socklen = sizeof(sockaddr);
     if (serv.GetSockAddr((struct sockaddr*)&sockaddr, &socklen)) {
         char name[1025] = "";
-        if (!getnameinfo((const struct sockaddr*)&sockaddr, socklen, name, sizeof(name), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST))
+        if (!getnameinfo((const struct sockaddr*)&sockaddr, socklen, name, sizeof(name), nullptr, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST))
             return std::string(name);
     }
     if (IsIPv4())
@@ -1043,7 +1042,7 @@ static const int NET_UNKNOWN = NET_MAX + 0;
 static const int NET_TEREDO  = NET_MAX + 1;
 int static GetExtNetwork(const CNetAddr *addr)
 {
-    if (addr == NULL)
+    if (addr == nullptr)
         return NET_UNKNOWN;
     if (addr->IsRFC4380())
         return NET_TEREDO;

src/notificationqueue.h

@@ -8,8 +8,9 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <deque>
 #include <vector>
-#include <boost/thread/mutex.hpp>
-#include <boost/thread/condition_variable.hpp>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include <mutex>
 
 /**
  * Thread-safe notification queue for SSE (Server-Sent Events) clients.
@@ -24,8 +25,8 @@
 class CNotificationQueue
 {
 private:
-    mutable boost::mutex cs;
-    boost::condition_variable cond;
+    mutable std::mutex cs;
+    std::condition_variable cond;
 
     struct Event {
         uint64_t id;
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ public:
     /** Push a new event. Wakes all waiting SSE clients. */
     void Push(const std::string& strData)
     {
-        boost::mutex::scoped_lock lock(cs);
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(cs);
         events.push_back(Event{nNextId++, strData});
         while (events.size() > MAX_QUEUED_EVENTS)
             events.pop_front();
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ public:
     bool WaitForEvents(uint64_t& nLastId, std::vector<std::string>& vEvents, int nTimeoutMs, const volatile bool& fShutdown)
     {
         vEvents.clear();
-        boost::mutex::scoped_lock lock(cs);
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(cs);
 
         // Check for events already in the queue past our read position
         bool fHasNew = false;
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@ public:
         if (!fHasNew)
         {
             // Wait for new events or timeout
-            cond.timed_wait(lock, boost::posix_time::milliseconds(nTimeoutMs));
+            cond.wait_for(lock, std::chrono::milliseconds(nTimeoutMs));
         }
 
         // Drain all events newer than nLastId
@@ -97,7 +98,7 @@ public:
     /** Get the current latest event ID (for clients that want to skip history). */
     uint64_t GetLatestId() const
     {
-        boost::mutex::scoped_lock lock(cs);
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(cs);
         return nNextId - 1;
     }
 };

src/onionseed.h

@@ -1,21 +1,28 @@
-
 #ifndef TRIANGLES_ONIONSEED_H
 #define TRIANGLES_ONIONSEED_H
 
 // Hardcoded onion seed nodes for initial peer discovery.
 // Also fetched dynamically via https://seeds.cryptographic-triangles.org/seeds.txt
 static const char *strMainNetOnionSeed[][1] = {
-    {"6ygpphp2qsucwvhwefv6h6ehvk6zjf7b7zdp4ggkzjjwe76cg6jwm7id.onion"},
-    {"jbpfhe7zw3qm67wy3j2ayysp3mnrjobopthnko3b3sgahqtecblwqmid.onion"},
-    {"uddaxjbo3lh2zskg7w6gwln4ty5cel7q4c5jbx7fdtv6zf2j47gdlyad.onion"},
-    {"el5sirhhleecuctpeeprelzubpqmoqivvra3rzlwbjttinxa4fq3wnid.onion"},
-    {"sj5dhybnlp3v4y5niyc5unrnd6s43lyx5ibup7rolyosjbi2u2hsbvyd.onion"},
-    {"i3kr5meha7se4ns3wss3h7v46m6uksfzv4wrohdqxpj6n35wyo2bvlid.onion"},
-    {NULL}
+    // DNS2 - primary bootstrap server (194.233.88.206)
+    {"gxvrhv3qitnc6kobrhsrse46bmcfitnybapor3or3oczzuxn6hfzxyid.onion"},
+    // DNS3 - canonical chain reference (74.208.167.19)
+    {"i6tk7soznftvoibtskwlezviskiererhjndpsmrff4kaxw7jnd5izfqd.onion"},
+    // Hetzner Helsinki - ARM64 staking node (46.62.249.20)
+    {"nawqqoazk2hhaglygulpeg6kh7hsgnvi2fursdvpvkantu4ojj26taid.onion"},
+    // Contabo seed 1 (173.212.201.200)
+    {"vmepp7plxngv4qpyngbgtb6njwnmlwy4api64xnwkhaf6fm3qlqtpfad.onion"},
+    // Contabo seed 2
+    {"nsldmfujkiwsfha42ajp5zx7gz3ekwdk4nvowdpf56mayuxnzshuykqd.onion"},
+    // Contabo seed 3
+    {"on4noksywc7b6cdbbxsp535l7j4cugunvlyz3iyhf6sfcg2qzaoy3eqd.onion"},
+    // Contabo seed 4
+    {"3uyzltm5cy7xzunncp3d7ariw75erabdnj4l3cxwvsxb6h4orc7eiqad.onion"},
+    {nullptr}
 };
 
 static const char *strTestNetOnionSeed[][1] = {
-    {NULL}
+    {nullptr}
 };
 
 #endif

src/qt/clientmodel.cpp

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 #include "addresstablemodel.h"
 #include "transactiontablemodel.h"
 
-#include "alert.h"
 #include "main.h"
 #include "ui_interface.h"
 
@@ -94,25 +93,6 @@ void ClientModel::updateNumConnections(int numConnections)
     emit numConnectionsChanged(numConnections);
 }
 
-void ClientModel::updateAlert(const QString &hash, int status)
-{
-    // Show error message notification for new alert
-    if(status == CT_NEW)
-    {
-        uint256 hash_256;
-        hash_256.SetHex(hash.toStdString());
-        CAlert alert = CAlert::getAlertByHash(hash_256);
-        if(!alert.IsNull())
-        {
-            emit error(tr("Network Alert"), QString::fromStdString(alert.strStatusBar), false);
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Emit a numBlocksChanged when the status message changes,
-    // so that the view recomputes and updates the status bar.
-    emit numBlocksChanged(getNumBlocks(), getNumBlocksOfPeers());
-}
-
 double ClientModel::GetDifficulty() const
 {
     // Floating point number that is a multiple of the minimum difficulty,
@@ -200,27 +180,15 @@ static void NotifyNumConnectionsChanged(ClientModel *clientmodel, int newNumConn
                               Q_ARG(int, newNumConnections));
 }
 
-static void NotifyAlertChanged(ClientModel *clientmodel, const uint256 &hash, ChangeType status)
-{
-    if (fShutdown) return;
-    OutputDebugStringF("NotifyAlertChanged %s status=%i\n", hash.GetHex().c_str(), status);
-    QMetaObject::invokeMethod(clientmodel, "updateAlert", Qt::QueuedConnection,
-                              Q_ARG(QString, QString::fromStdString(hash.GetHex())),
-                              Q_ARG(int, status));
-}
-
 void ClientModel::subscribeToCoreSignals()
 {
-    // Connect signals to client
-    uiInterface.NotifyBlocksChanged.connect(boost::bind(NotifyBlocksChanged, this));
-    uiInterface.NotifyNumConnectionsChanged.connect(boost::bind(NotifyNumConnectionsChanged, this, _1));
-    uiInterface.NotifyAlertChanged.connect(boost::bind(NotifyAlertChanged, this, _1, _2));
+    m_core_signal_connections.add(uiInterface.NotifyBlocksChanged.connect(
+        [this]() { NotifyBlocksChanged(this); }));
+    m_core_signal_connections.add(uiInterface.NotifyNumConnectionsChanged.connect(
+        [this](int n) { NotifyNumConnectionsChanged(this, n); }));
 }
 
 void ClientModel::unsubscribeFromCoreSignals()
 {
-    // Disconnect signals from client
-    uiInterface.NotifyBlocksChanged.disconnect(boost::bind(NotifyBlocksChanged, this));
-    uiInterface.NotifyNumConnectionsChanged.disconnect(boost::bind(NotifyNumConnectionsChanged, this, _1));
-    uiInterface.NotifyAlertChanged.disconnect(boost::bind(NotifyAlertChanged, this, _1, _2));
+    m_core_signal_connections.disconnect_all();
 }

src/qt/clientmodel.h

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 
 #include <QObject>
 
+#include "../util_signal.h"
+
 class OptionsModel;
 class AddressTableModel;
 class TransactionTableModel;
@@ -57,6 +59,8 @@ private:
 
     void subscribeToCoreSignals();
     void unsubscribeFromCoreSignals();
+
+    CSignalConnections m_core_signal_connections;
 signals:
     void numConnectionsChanged(int count);
     void numBlocksChanged(int count, int countOfPeers);
@@ -67,7 +71,6 @@ signals:
 public slots:
     void updateTimer();
     void updateNumConnections(int numConnections);
-    void updateAlert(const QString &hash, int status);
 };
 
 #endif // CLIENTMODEL_H

src/qt/coincontroldialog.cpp

@@ -545,7 +545,7 @@ void CoinControlDialog::updateLabels(WalletModel *model, QDialog* dialog)
         int64_t nFee = nTransactionFee * (1 + (int64_t)nBytes / 1000);
         
         // Min Fee
-        int64_t nMinFee = txDummy.GetMinFee(1, GMF_SEND, nBytes);
+        int64_t nMinFee = txDummy.GetMinFee(1, GetMinFeeMode::Send, nBytes);
         
         nPayFee = max(nFee, nMinFee);
         

src/qt/guiutil.cpp

@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@
 #include <QDesktopServices>
 #include <QThread>
 
-#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
-#include <boost/filesystem/fstream.hpp>
+#include <filesystem>
+#include <fstream>
 
 #ifdef WIN32
 #ifdef _WIN32_WINNT
@@ -240,10 +240,10 @@ bool isObscured(QWidget *w)
 
 void openDebugLogfile()
 {
-    boost::filesystem::path pathDebug = GetDataDir() / "debug.log";
+    std::filesystem::path pathDebug = GetDataDir() / "debug.log";
 
     /* Open debug.log with the associated application */
-    if (boost::filesystem::exists(pathDebug))
+    if (std::filesystem::exists(pathDebug))
         QDesktopServices::openUrl(QUrl::fromLocalFile(QString::fromStdString(pathDebug.string())));
 }
 
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ bool ToolTipToRichTextFilter::eventFilter(QObject *obj, QEvent *evt)
 }
 
 #ifdef WIN32
-boost::filesystem::path static StartupShortcutPath()
+std::filesystem::path static StartupShortcutPath()
 {
     return GetSpecialFolderPath(CSIDL_STARTUP) / "triangles.lnk";
 }
@@ -280,13 +280,13 @@ boost::filesystem::path static StartupShortcutPath()
 bool GetStartOnSystemStartup()
 {
     // check for triangles.lnk
-    return boost::filesystem::exists(StartupShortcutPath());
+    return std::filesystem::exists(StartupShortcutPath());
 }
 
 bool SetStartOnSystemStartup(bool fAutoStart)
 {
     // If the shortcut exists already, remove it for updating
-    boost::filesystem::remove(StartupShortcutPath());
+    std::filesystem::remove(StartupShortcutPath());
 
     if (fAutoStart)
     {
@@ -343,9 +343,9 @@ bool SetStartOnSystemStartup(bool fAutoStart)
 // Follow the Desktop Application Autostart Spec:
 //  http://standards.freedesktop.org/autostart-spec/autostart-spec-latest.html
 
-boost::filesystem::path static GetAutostartDir()
+std::filesystem::path static GetAutostartDir()
 {
-    namespace fs = boost::filesystem;
+    namespace fs = std::filesystem;
 
     char* pszConfigHome = getenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME");
     if (pszConfigHome) return fs::path(pszConfigHome) / "autostart";
@@ -354,14 +354,14 @@ boost::filesystem::path static GetAutostartDir()
     return fs::path();
 }
 
-boost::filesystem::path static GetAutostartFilePath()
+std::filesystem::path static GetAutostartFilePath()
 {
     return GetAutostartDir() / "triangles.desktop";
 }
 
 bool GetStartOnSystemStartup()
 {
-    boost::filesystem::ifstream optionFile(GetAutostartFilePath());
+    std::ifstream optionFile(GetAutostartFilePath());
     if (!optionFile.good())
         return false;
     // Scan through file for "Hidden=true":
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ bool GetStartOnSystemStartup()
 bool SetStartOnSystemStartup(bool fAutoStart)
 {
     if (!fAutoStart)
-        boost::filesystem::remove(GetAutostartFilePath());
+        std::filesystem::remove(GetAutostartFilePath());
     else
     {
         char pszExePath[MAX_PATH+1];
@@ -389,9 +389,9 @@ bool SetStartOnSystemStartup(bool fAutoStart)
         if (readlink("/proc/self/exe", pszExePath, sizeof(pszExePath)-1) == -1)
             return false;
 
-        boost::filesystem::create_directories(GetAutostartDir());
+        std::filesystem::create_directories(GetAutostartDir());
 
-        boost::filesystem::ofstream optionFile(GetAutostartFilePath(), std::ios_base::out|std::ios_base::trunc);
+        std::ofstream optionFile(GetAutostartFilePath(), std::ios_base::out|std::ios_base::trunc);
         if (!optionFile.good())
             return false;
         // Write a triangles.desktop file to the autostart directory:
@@ -407,15 +407,15 @@ bool SetStartOnSystemStartup(bool fAutoStart)
 }
 #elif defined(Q_OS_MAC) || defined(MAC_OSX) || defined(__APPLE__)
 
-boost::filesystem::path static GetLaunchAgentsDir()
+std::filesystem::path static GetLaunchAgentsDir()
 {
     const QString homeDir = QStandardPaths::writableLocation(QStandardPaths::HomeLocation);
     if (homeDir.isEmpty())
-        return boost::filesystem::path();
-    return boost::filesystem::path(homeDir.toStdString()) / "Library" / "LaunchAgents";
+        return std::filesystem::path();
+    return std::filesystem::path(homeDir.toStdString()) / "Library" / "LaunchAgents";
 }
 
-boost::filesystem::path static GetAutostartFilePath()
+std::filesystem::path static GetAutostartFilePath()
 {
     return GetLaunchAgentsDir() / "org.triangles.triangles-qt.plist";
 }
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ static std::string PlistEscape(const std::string& value)
 
 bool GetStartOnSystemStartup()
 {
-    boost::filesystem::ifstream optionFile(GetAutostartFilePath());
+    std::ifstream optionFile(GetAutostartFilePath());
     if (!optionFile.good())
         return false;
 
@@ -459,16 +459,16 @@ bool GetStartOnSystemStartup()
 bool SetStartOnSystemStartup(bool fAutoStart)
 {
     if (!fAutoStart)
-        return !boost::filesystem::exists(GetAutostartFilePath()) || boost::filesystem::remove(GetAutostartFilePath());
+        return !std::filesystem::exists(GetAutostartFilePath()) || std::filesystem::remove(GetAutostartFilePath());
 
     const QString exePath = QApplication::applicationFilePath();
     if (exePath.isEmpty())
         return false;
 
     const QString workingDir = QFileInfo(exePath).absolutePath();
-    boost::filesystem::create_directories(GetLaunchAgentsDir());
+    std::filesystem::create_directories(GetLaunchAgentsDir());
 
-    boost::filesystem::ofstream optionFile(GetAutostartFilePath(), std::ios_base::out|std::ios_base::trunc);
+    std::ofstream optionFile(GetAutostartFilePath(), std::ios_base::out|std::ios_base::trunc);
     if (!optionFile.good())
         return false;
 

src/qt/introdialog.cpp

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 #include <QCheckBox>
 #include <QApplication>
 
-#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
+#include <filesystem>
 
 #include <set>
 
@@ -152,28 +152,28 @@ void IntroDialog::on_defaultRadio_toggled(bool checked)
 void IntroDialog::updateFreeSpace()
 {
     QString path = getDataDirectory();
-    boost::filesystem::path fsPath(path.toStdString());
+    std::filesystem::path fsPath(path.toStdString());
 
     // Walk up to find an existing parent
     try {
-        while (!fsPath.empty() && !boost::filesystem::exists(fsPath))
+        while (!fsPath.empty() && !std::filesystem::exists(fsPath))
             fsPath = fsPath.parent_path();
 
         if (!fsPath.empty()) {
-            boost::filesystem::space_info si = boost::filesystem::space(fsPath);
+            std::filesystem::space_info si = std::filesystem::space(fsPath);
             double freeGB = (double)si.available / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0);
             freeSpaceLabel->setText(tr("Free space: %1 GB").arg(QString::number(freeGB, 'f', 2)));
         } else {
             freeSpaceLabel->setText(tr("Cannot determine free space"));
         }
-    } catch (const boost::filesystem::filesystem_error &) {
+    } catch (const std::filesystem::filesystem_error &) {
         freeSpaceLabel->setText(tr("Cannot determine free space"));
     }
 }
 
 bool IntroDialog::pickDataDirectory()
 {
-    namespace fs = boost::filesystem;
+    namespace fs = std::filesystem;
 
     QSettings settings;
     // If -datadir was passed on the command line, skip the dialog entirely
@@ -305,10 +305,10 @@ bool IntroDialog::pickDataDirectory()
     return true;
 }
 
-static void copyDirectoryRecursive(const boost::filesystem::path& src,
-                                   const boost::filesystem::path& dst)
+static void copyDirectoryRecursive(const std::filesystem::path& src,
+                                   const std::filesystem::path& dst)
 {
-    namespace fs = boost::filesystem;
+    namespace fs = std::filesystem;
     fs::create_directories(dst);
     for (fs::directory_iterator it(src), end; it != end; ++it) {
         fs::path dstChild = dst / it->path().filename();
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ static void copyDirectoryRecursive(const boost::filesystem::path& src,
 
 bool IntroDialog::migrateDataDirectory(const QString& oldPath, const QString& newPath)
 {
-    namespace fs = boost::filesystem;
+    namespace fs = std::filesystem;
 
     fs::path srcDir(oldPath.toStdString());
     fs::path dstDir(newPath.toStdString());

src/qt/messagemodel.cpp

@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ public:
             QDateTime received_datetime;
 
             std::string sPrefix("im");
-            leveldb::Iterator* it = dbSmsg.pdb->NewIterator(leveldb::ReadOptions());
+            rocksdb::Iterator* it = dbSmsg.pdb->NewIterator(rocksdb::ReadOptions());
             while (dbSmsg.NextSmesg(it, sPrefix, chKey, smsgStored))
             {
                 uint32_t nPayload = smsgStored.vchMessage.size() - SMSG_HDR_LEN;
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ public:
             delete it;
 
             sPrefix = "sm";
-            it = dbSmsg.pdb->NewIterator(leveldb::ReadOptions());
+            it = dbSmsg.pdb->NewIterator(rocksdb::ReadOptions());
             while (dbSmsg.NextSmesg(it, sPrefix, chKey, smsgStored))
             {
                 uint32_t nPayload = smsgStored.vchMessage.size() - SMSG_HDR_LEN;
@@ -620,20 +620,19 @@ void MessageModel::subscribeToCoreSignals()
 {
     qRegisterMetaType<SecMsgStored>("SecMsgStored");
 
-    // Connect signals
-    NotifySecMsgInboxChanged.connect(boost::bind(NotifySecMsgInbox, this, _1));
-    NotifySecMsgOutboxChanged.connect(boost::bind(NotifySecMsgOutbox, this, _1));
-    NotifySecMsgWalletUnlocked.connect(boost::bind(NotifySecMsgWallet, this));
-    
+    m_core_signal_connections.add(NotifySecMsgInboxChanged.connect(
+        [this](SecMsgStored& hdr) { NotifySecMsgInbox(this, hdr); }));
+    m_core_signal_connections.add(NotifySecMsgOutboxChanged.connect(
+        [this](SecMsgStored& hdr) { NotifySecMsgOutbox(this, hdr); }));
+    m_core_signal_connections.add(NotifySecMsgWalletUnlocked.connect(
+        [this]() { NotifySecMsgWallet(this); }));
+
     connect(walletModel, SIGNAL(encryptionStatusChanged(int)), this, SLOT(setEncryptionStatus(int)));
 }
 
 void MessageModel::unsubscribeFromCoreSignals()
 {
-    // Disconnect signals
-    NotifySecMsgInboxChanged.disconnect(boost::bind(NotifySecMsgInbox, this, _1));
-    NotifySecMsgOutboxChanged.disconnect(boost::bind(NotifySecMsgOutbox, this, _1));
-    NotifySecMsgWalletUnlocked.disconnect(boost::bind(NotifySecMsgWallet, this));
-    
+    m_core_signal_connections.disconnect_all();
+
     disconnect(walletModel, SIGNAL(encryptionStatusChanged(int)), this, SLOT(setEncryptionStatus(int)));
 }

src/qt/messagemodel.h

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 
 #include <vector>
 #include "allocators.h" /* for SecureString */
+#include "../util_signal.h"
 #include "smessage.h"
 #include <map>
 #include <QSortFilterProxyModel>
@@ -175,6 +176,8 @@ private:
     void subscribeToCoreSignals();
     void unsubscribeFromCoreSignals();
 
+    CSignalConnections m_core_signal_connections;
+
 public slots:
 
     /* Check for new messages */

src/qt/optionsdialog.cpp

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #include "init.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
-#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
+#include <filesystem>
 
 #include <QDir>
 #include <QFileDialog>
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ void OptionsDialog::on_dataDirBrowseButton_clicked()
 
 void OptionsDialog::updateDataDirFreeSpace()
 {
-    namespace fs = boost::filesystem;
+    namespace fs = std::filesystem;
     QString path = dataDirPath->text();
     fs::path fsPath(path.toStdString());
     try {
@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ void OptionsDialog::updateDataDirFreeSpace()
 
 quint64 OptionsDialog::calculateDirSize(const QString& path)
 {
-    namespace fs = boost::filesystem;
+    namespace fs = std::filesystem;
     quint64 totalSize = 0;
     try {
         for (fs::recursive_directory_iterator it(path.toStdString()), end; it != end; ++it) {
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ bool OptionsDialog::handleDataDirChange()
     if (m_pendingDataDir.isEmpty() || m_pendingDataDir == m_currentDataDir)
         return false;
 
-    namespace fs = boost::filesystem;
+    namespace fs = std::filesystem;
     fs::path destPath(m_pendingDataDir.toStdString());
 
     // Check destination is writable

src/qt/qtipcserver.cpp

@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@
 #include "ui_interface.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
-#include <boost/algorithm/string/predicate.hpp>
 #include <boost/date_time/posix_time/posix_time.hpp>
 #include <boost/interprocess/ipc/message_queue.hpp>
 #include <boost/version.hpp>
@@ -26,6 +25,9 @@ using namespace boost;
 using namespace boost::interprocess;
 using namespace boost::posix_time;
 
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cctype>
+
 #if defined MAC_OSX || defined __FreeBSD__
 // URI handling not implemented on OSX yet
 
@@ -42,7 +44,7 @@ static bool ipcScanCmd(int argc, char *argv[], bool fRelay)
     bool fSent = false;
     for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++)
     {
-        if (boost::algorithm::istarts_with(argv[i], "Triangles:"))
+        if (std::equal(std::begin("Triangles:"), std::end("Triangles:") - 1, argv[i], [](char a, char b) { return std::tolower(static_cast<unsigned char>(a)) == std::tolower(static_cast<unsigned char>(b)); }))
         {
             const char *strURI = argv[i];
             try {

src/qt/transactiondesc.cpp

@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ QString TransactionDesc::toHTML(CWallet *wallet, CWalletTx &wtx)
             strHTML += "<br><b>" + tr("Transaction") + ":</b><br>";
             strHTML += GUIUtil::HtmlEscape(wtx.ToString(), true);
 
-            CTxDB txdb("r"); // To fetch source txouts
+            auto txdb_holder = MakeChainDB("r"); CTxDBBase& txdb = *txdb_holder; // To fetch source txouts
 
             strHTML += "<br><b>" + tr("Inputs") + ":</b>";
             strHTML += "<ul>";

src/qt/triangles.cpp

@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
         return 0;
 
     // ... then triangles.conf:
-    if (!boost::filesystem::is_directory(GetDataDir(false)))
+    if (!std::filesystem::is_directory(GetDataDir(false)))
     {
         // This message can not be translated, as translation is not initialized yet
         // (which not yet possible because lang=XX can be overridden in triangles.conf in the data directory)
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                 // calling Shutdown().
 
                 ClientModel clientModel(&optionsModel);
-                WalletModel walletModel(pwalletMain, &optionsModel);
+                WalletModel walletModel(pwalletMain.get(), &optionsModel);
 
                 window.setClientModel(&clientModel);
                 window.setWalletModel(&walletModel);

src/qt/trianglesgui.cpp

@@ -89,7 +89,8 @@
 
 #include <iostream>
 
-extern CWallet* pwalletMain;
+#include <memory>
+extern std::unique_ptr<CWallet> pwalletMain;
 extern int64_t nLastCoinStakeSearchInterval;
 extern unsigned int nTargetSpacing;
 double GetPoSKernelPS();
@@ -655,7 +656,7 @@ void TrianglesGUI::ensureMessageModel()
     if(messageModel || !walletModel)
         return;
 
-    setMessageModel(new MessageModel(pwalletMain, walletModel, this));
+    setMessageModel(new MessageModel(pwalletMain.get(), walletModel, this));
 }
 
 void TrianglesGUI::ensureSendCoinsPage()

src/qt/walletmodel.cpp

@@ -545,18 +545,21 @@ static void NotifyTransactionChanged(WalletModel *walletmodel, CWallet *wallet,
 
 void WalletModel::subscribeToCoreSignals()
 {
-    // Connect signals to wallet
-    wallet->NotifyStatusChanged.connect(boost::bind(&NotifyKeyStoreStatusChanged, this, _1));
-    wallet->NotifyAddressBookChanged.connect(boost::bind(NotifyAddressBookChanged, this, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5));
-    wallet->NotifyTransactionChanged.connect(boost::bind(NotifyTransactionChanged, this, _1, _2, _3));
+    m_core_signal_connections.add(wallet->NotifyStatusChanged.connect(
+        [this](CCryptoKeyStore* w) { NotifyKeyStoreStatusChanged(this, w); }));
+    m_core_signal_connections.add(wallet->NotifyAddressBookChanged.connect(
+        [this](CWallet* w, const CTxDestination& address, const std::string& label, bool isMine, ChangeType status) {
+            NotifyAddressBookChanged(this, w, address, label, isMine, status);
+        }));
+    m_core_signal_connections.add(wallet->NotifyTransactionChanged.connect(
+        [this](CWallet* w, const uint256& hash, ChangeType status) {
+            NotifyTransactionChanged(this, w, hash, status);
+        }));
 }
 
 void WalletModel::unsubscribeFromCoreSignals()
 {
-    // Disconnect signals from wallet
-    wallet->NotifyStatusChanged.disconnect(boost::bind(&NotifyKeyStoreStatusChanged, this, _1));
-    wallet->NotifyAddressBookChanged.disconnect(boost::bind(NotifyAddressBookChanged, this, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5));
-    wallet->NotifyTransactionChanged.disconnect(boost::bind(NotifyTransactionChanged, this, _1, _2, _3));
+    m_core_signal_connections.disconnect_all();
 }
 
 // WalletModel::UnlockContext implementation

src/qt/walletmodel.h

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include <QMutex>
 
 #include "allocators.h" /* for SecureString */
+#include "../util_signal.h"
 
 class OptionsModel;
 class AddressTableModel;
@@ -92,7 +93,7 @@ public:
     };
 
     // Send coins to a list of recipients
-    SendCoinsReturn sendCoins(const QList<SendCoinsRecipient> &recipients, const CCoinControl *coinControl=NULL);
+    SendCoinsReturn sendCoins(const QList<SendCoinsRecipient> &recipients, const CCoinControl *coinControl=nullptr);
 
     // Wallet encryption
     bool setWalletEncrypted(bool encrypted, const SecureString &passphrase);
@@ -157,6 +158,8 @@ private:
     void unsubscribeFromCoreSignals();
     bool checkBalanceChanged();
 
+    CSignalConnections m_core_signal_connections;
+
 
 public slots:
     /* Wallet status might have changed */

src/rest.cpp

@@ -12,8 +12,6 @@
 #include "wallet.h"
 #include "init.h"
 
-#include <boost/algorithm/string.hpp>
-
 using namespace std;
 using namespace json_spirit;
 
@@ -95,7 +93,7 @@ bool CheckRESTRateLimit(const string& strIP)
 
 string HTTPReplyREST(int nStatus, const string& strMsg, const string& contentType)
 {
-    string strCorsOrigin = GetArg("-restcorsorigin", "*");
+    string strCorsOrigin = GetArg(std::string_view{"-restcorsorigin"}, std::string_view{"*"});
 
     const char *cStatus;
          if (nStatus == 200) cStatus = "OK";
@@ -149,12 +147,11 @@ static void ParseRESTPath(const string& strURI, vector<string>& parts, map<strin
     }
 
     // Split path into parts
-    boost::split(parts, path, boost::is_any_of("/"));
+    parts = SplitString(path, '/');
 
     // Parse query parameters
     if (!queryString.empty()) {
-        vector<string> pairs;
-        boost::split(pairs, queryString, boost::is_any_of("&"));
+        auto pairs = SplitString(queryString, '&');
         for (size_t i = 0; i < pairs.size(); i++) {
             size_t eq = pairs[i].find('=');
             if (eq != string::npos)
@@ -175,12 +172,12 @@ bool IsRESTPath(const string& strURI)
 static bool RESTAuthorized(map<string, string>& mapHeaders)
 {
     // Check Bearer token first (if -restapikey is set)
-    string strApiKey = GetArg("-restapikey", "");
+    string strApiKey = GetArg(std::string_view{"-restapikey"}, std::string_view{""});
     if (!strApiKey.empty()) {
         string strAuth = mapHeaders.count("authorization") ? mapHeaders["authorization"] : "";
         if (strAuth.substr(0, 7) == "Bearer ") {
             string strToken = strAuth.substr(7);
-            boost::trim(strToken);
+            strToken = TrimString(strToken);
             if (TimingResistantEqual(strToken, strApiKey))
                 return true;
         }
@@ -300,8 +297,8 @@ static bool HandleBlockHeader(const string& param, string& strReply, int& nStatu
     result.push_back(Pair("height", pblockindex->nHeight));
     result.push_back(Pair("version", pblockindex->nVersion));
     result.push_back(Pair("merkleroot", pblockindex->hashMerkleRoot.GetHex()));
-    result.push_back(Pair("time", (boost::int64_t)pblockindex->GetBlockTime()));
-    result.push_back(Pair("nonce", (boost::uint64_t)pblockindex->nNonce));
+    result.push_back(Pair("time", (int64_t)pblockindex->GetBlockTime()));
+    result.push_back(Pair("nonce", (uint64_t)pblockindex->nNonce));
     result.push_back(Pair("bits", HexBits(pblockindex->nBits)));
     result.push_back(Pair("difficulty", GetDifficulty(pblockindex)));
     result.push_back(Pair("flags", strprintf("%s%s",

src/rpcblockchain.cpp

@@ -11,6 +11,19 @@
 #include "base58.h"
 #include "utxosnapshot.h"
 
+#include <filesystem>
+
+// Windows.h (transitively included) defines these as macros, clobbering Checkpoints:: enum values.
+#ifdef STRICT
+#undef STRICT
+#endif
+#ifdef ADVISORY
+#undef ADVISORY
+#endif
+#ifdef PERMISSIVE
+#undef PERMISSIVE
+#endif
+
 using namespace json_spirit;
 using namespace std;
 
@@ -21,15 +34,15 @@ double GetDifficulty(const CBlockIndex* blockindex)
 {
     // Floating point number that is a multiple of the minimum difficulty,
     // minimum difficulty = 1.0.
-    if (blockindex == NULL)
+    if (blockindex == nullptr)
     {
-        if (pindexBest == NULL)
+        if (pindexBest == nullptr)
             return 1.0;
         else
             blockindex = GetLastBlockIndex(pindexBest, false);
     }
 
-    if (blockindex == NULL)
+    if (blockindex == nullptr)
         return 1.0;
 
     int nShift = (blockindex->nBits >> 24) & 0xff;
@@ -85,7 +98,7 @@ double GetPoSKernelPS()
     int nStakesHandled = 0, nStakesTime = 0;
 
     CBlockIndex* pindex = pindexBest;;
-    CBlockIndex* pindexPrevStake = NULL;
+    CBlockIndex* pindexPrevStake = nullptr;
 
     while (pindex && nStakesHandled < nPoSInterval)
     {
@@ -115,8 +128,8 @@ Object blockToJSON(const CBlock& block, const CBlockIndex* blockindex, bool fPri
     result.push_back(Pair("version", block.nVersion));
     result.push_back(Pair("merkleroot", block.hashMerkleRoot.GetHex()));
     result.push_back(Pair("mint", ValueFromAmount(blockindex->nMint)));
-    result.push_back(Pair("time", (boost::int64_t)block.GetBlockTime()));
-    result.push_back(Pair("nonce", (boost::uint64_t)block.nNonce));
+    result.push_back(Pair("time", (int64_t)block.GetBlockTime()));
+    result.push_back(Pair("nonce", (uint64_t)block.nNonce));
     result.push_back(Pair("bits", HexBits(block.nBits)));
     result.push_back(Pair("difficulty", GetDifficulty(blockindex)));
     result.push_back(Pair("blocktrust", leftTrim(blockindex->GetBlockTrust().GetHex(), '0')));
@@ -317,8 +330,8 @@ Value getblockheader(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     result.push_back(Pair("version", pblockindex->nVersion));
     result.push_back(Pair("merkleroot", pblockindex->hashMerkleRoot.GetHex()));
     result.push_back(Pair("mint", ValueFromAmount(pblockindex->nMint)));
-    result.push_back(Pair("time", (boost::int64_t)pblockindex->GetBlockTime()));
-    result.push_back(Pair("nonce", (boost::uint64_t)pblockindex->nNonce));
+    result.push_back(Pair("time", (int64_t)pblockindex->GetBlockTime()));
+    result.push_back(Pair("nonce", (uint64_t)pblockindex->nNonce));
     result.push_back(Pair("bits", HexBits(pblockindex->nBits)));
     result.push_back(Pair("difficulty", GetDifficulty(pblockindex)));
     result.push_back(Pair("blocktrust", leftTrim(pblockindex->GetBlockTrust().GetHex(), '0')));
@@ -382,7 +395,7 @@ static int64_t ComputeActiveChainSupplyFromBlocks(const std::vector<CBlockIndex*
     nBlocksScanned = 0;
     nTransactionsScanned = 0;
 
-    CTxDB txdb("r");
+    auto txdb_holder = MakeChainDB("r"); CTxDBBase& txdb = *txdb_holder;
     int64_t nSupply = 0;
 
     for (std::vector<CBlockIndex*>::const_iterator pindexIt = chain.begin(); pindexIt != chain.end(); ++pindexIt)
@@ -458,7 +471,7 @@ Value recalculatesupply(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     if (!pindexBest)
         throw runtime_error("recalculatesupply: no best block");
 
-    CTxDB txdbRead("r");
+    auto txdbRead_holder = MakeChainDB("r"); CTxDBBase& txdbRead = *txdbRead_holder;
     int nUtxoCount = 0;
     int64_t nUtxoSupply = txdbRead.SumUtxoValues(nUtxoCount);
 
@@ -473,7 +486,7 @@ Value recalculatesupply(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
 
     if (fApply)
     {
-        CTxDB txdbWrite;
+        auto txdbWrite_holder = MakeChainDB(); CTxDBBase& txdbWrite = *txdbWrite_holder;
         int64_t nRunningSupply = 0;
 
         for (std::vector<CBlockIndex*>::const_iterator pindexIt = activeChain.begin(); pindexIt != activeChain.end(); ++pindexIt)
@@ -545,6 +558,105 @@ Value recalculatesupply(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     return result;
 }
 
+// Walks every non-coinbase transaction input across [start_height, end_height]
+// and runs the existing VerifySignature path. Reports counts and the first 100
+// failures so the caller can spot regressions when the underlying ECDSA
+// implementation changes (e.g. OpenSSL EC -> libsecp256k1).
+Value auditsignatures(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
+{
+    if (fHelp || params.size() > 2)
+        throw runtime_error(
+            "auditsignatures [start_height] [end_height]\n"
+            "Walk the active chain in [start_height, end_height] (inclusive) and run\n"
+            "VerifySignature on every non-coinbase input. Returns counts plus up to 100\n"
+            "failures.\n"
+            "Defaults: start = max(1, tip-1000), end = tip.\n"
+            "Pre-migration this should always report 0 failures; post-migration any non-zero\n"
+            "result identifies a behavioural regression in the new ECDSA path.");
+
+    LOCK(cs_main);
+
+    if (!pindexBest)
+        throw runtime_error("auditsignatures: no best block");
+
+    int tip = nBestHeight;
+    int start = (params.size() > 0) ? params[0].get_int() : std::max(1, tip - 1000);
+    int end   = (params.size() > 1) ? params[1].get_int() : tip;
+
+    if (start < 1)        throw runtime_error("auditsignatures: start_height must be >= 1");
+    if (end > tip)        throw runtime_error("auditsignatures: end_height exceeds tip");
+    if (start > end)      throw runtime_error("auditsignatures: start_height > end_height");
+
+    // Build forward walk by descending from tip.
+    CBlockIndex* pindex = pindexBest;
+    while (pindex && pindex->nHeight > end)
+        pindex = pindex->pprev;
+
+    std::vector<CBlockIndex*> walk;
+    while (pindex && pindex->nHeight >= start) {
+        walk.push_back(pindex);
+        pindex = pindex->pprev;
+    }
+    std::reverse(walk.begin(), walk.end());
+
+    int     nBlocksScanned  = 0;
+    int64_t nInputsChecked  = 0;
+    int64_t nInputsFailed   = 0;
+    Array   failures;
+    const size_t kMaxFailures = 100;
+
+    auto recordFailure = [&](int height, const uint256& txid, unsigned int vin, const char* reason) {
+        ++nInputsFailed;
+        if (failures.size() >= kMaxFailures) return;
+        Object f;
+        f.push_back(Pair("height", height));
+        f.push_back(Pair("txid",   txid.GetHex()));
+        f.push_back(Pair("vin",    (int)vin));
+        f.push_back(Pair("reason", reason));
+        failures.push_back(f);
+    };
+
+    for (CBlockIndex* pi : walk) {
+        CBlock block;
+        if (!block.ReadFromDisk(pi, true)) {
+            ++nBlocksScanned;
+            continue;
+        }
+        for (const CTransaction& tx : block.vtx) {
+            if (tx.IsCoinBase()) continue;
+            for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vin.size(); ++i) {
+                const COutPoint& prev = tx.vin[i].prevout;
+                CTransaction txFrom;
+                uint256 hashBlock;
+                if (!GetTransaction(prev.hash, txFrom, hashBlock)) {
+                    recordFailure(pi->nHeight, tx.GetHash(), i, "prevout transaction not found");
+                    continue;
+                }
+                if (prev.n >= txFrom.vout.size()) {
+                    recordFailure(pi->nHeight, tx.GetHash(), i, "prevout index out of range");
+                    continue;
+                }
+                ++nInputsChecked;
+                if (!VerifySignature(txFrom, tx, i, 0))
+                    recordFailure(pi->nHeight, tx.GetHash(), i, "VerifySignature returned false");
+            }
+        }
+        ++nBlocksScanned;
+        if (nBlocksScanned % 1000 == 0)
+            printf("auditsignatures: scanned %d blocks, %lld inputs, %lld failures\n",
+                   nBlocksScanned, (long long)nInputsChecked, (long long)nInputsFailed);
+    }
+
+    Object result;
+    result.push_back(Pair("start_height",   start));
+    result.push_back(Pair("end_height",     end));
+    result.push_back(Pair("blocks_scanned", nBlocksScanned));
+    result.push_back(Pair("inputs_checked", nInputsChecked));
+    result.push_back(Pair("inputs_failed",  nInputsFailed));
+    result.push_back(Pair("failures",       failures));
+    return result;
+}
+
 
 // triangles: get information of sync-checkpoint
 Value getcheckpoint(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
@@ -596,7 +708,7 @@ Value getblockchaininfo(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     obj.push_back(Pair("difficulty", diff));
 
     obj.push_back(Pair("moneysupply", ValueFromAmount(pindexBest->nMoneySupply)));
-    obj.push_back(Pair("timeoffset", (boost::int64_t)GetTimeOffset()));
+    obj.push_back(Pair("timeoffset", (int64_t)GetTimeOffset()));
     obj.push_back(Pair("connections", (int)vNodes.size()));
     obj.push_back(Pair("errors", GetWarnings("statusbar")));
     return obj;
@@ -706,7 +818,7 @@ Value getaddressbalance(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
             throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY, "Invalid address: " + strAddr);
 
         int64_t nBalance = 0;
-        CTxDB txdb("r");
+        auto txdb_holder = MakeChainDB("r"); CTxDBBase& txdb = *txdb_holder;
         txdb.ReadAddressBalance(nType, hashBytes, nBalance);
         nTotalBalance += nBalance;
     }
@@ -741,7 +853,7 @@ Value getaddressutxos(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     Array addrArray = find_value(addrObj, "addresses").get_array();
 
     Array result;
-    CTxDB txdb("r");
+    auto txdb_holder = MakeChainDB("r"); CTxDBBase& txdb = *txdb_holder;
 
     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < addrArray.size(); i++)
     {
@@ -801,7 +913,7 @@ Value getaddresstxids(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
         nEndHeight = endVal.get_int();
 
     Array result;
-    CTxDB txdb("r");
+    auto txdb_holder = MakeChainDB("r"); CTxDBBase& txdb = *txdb_holder;
 
     // Use a set to deduplicate txids across multiple addresses
     std::set<uint256> setTxIds;
@@ -907,7 +1019,7 @@ Value invalidateblock(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
 
     if (pindex->IsInMainChain())
     {
-        CTxDB txdb;
+        auto txdb_holder = MakeChainDB(); CTxDBBase& txdb = *txdb_holder;
         if (!txdb.TxnBegin())
             throw runtime_error("Failed to begin transaction.");
 
@@ -930,7 +1042,7 @@ Value invalidateblock(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
                 setStakeSeen.erase(make_pair(pindexWalk->prevoutStake, pindexWalk->nStakeTime));
             }
 
-            pindexWalk->pprev->pnext = NULL;
+            pindexWalk->pprev->pnext = nullptr;
             pindexWalk = pindexWalk->pprev;
         }
 
@@ -976,7 +1088,7 @@ Value reconsiderblock(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
         if (!block.ReadFromDisk(pindex))
             throw runtime_error("Failed to read block from disk.");
 
-        CTxDB txdb;
+        auto txdb_holder = MakeChainDB(); CTxDBBase& txdb = *txdb_holder;
         block.SetBestChain(txdb, pindex);
         printf("reconsiderblock: reconsidered block %s at height %d, new best height=%d\n",
                hash.ToString().c_str(), pindex->nHeight, nBestHeight);
@@ -1016,7 +1128,7 @@ Value dumputxoset(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     if (nHeaders < 100)
         throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "nheaders must be at least 100");
 
-    boost::filesystem::path destPath(filename);
+    std::filesystem::path destPath(filename);
     std::string strError;
 
     if (!UtxoSnapshot::DumpSnapshot(destPath, nHeaders, strError))
@@ -1024,8 +1136,8 @@ Value dumputxoset(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
 
     // Get file size
     int64_t nFileSize = 0;
-    if (boost::filesystem::exists(destPath))
-        nFileSize = (int64_t)boost::filesystem::file_size(destPath);
+    if (std::filesystem::exists(destPath))
+        nFileSize = (int64_t)std::filesystem::file_size(destPath);
 
     Object result;
     result.push_back(Pair("filename", filename));

src/rpcdump.cpp

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 #include "base58.h"
 
 #include <boost/date_time/posix_time/posix_time.hpp>
-#include <boost/algorithm/string.hpp>
 
 #define printf OutputDebugStringF
 
@@ -94,9 +93,9 @@ public:
     bool fSpent;
     CWalletTx* ptx;
     int nOut;
-    CTxDump(CWalletTx* ptx = NULL, int nOut = -1)
+    CTxDump(CWalletTx* ptx = nullptr, int nOut = -1)
     {
-        pindex = NULL;
+        pindex = nullptr;
         nValue = 0;
         fSpent = false;
         this->ptx = ptx;
@@ -167,8 +166,7 @@ Value importwallet(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
         if (line.empty() || line[0] == '#')
             continue;
 
-        std::vector<std::string> vstr;
-        boost::split(vstr, line, boost::is_any_of(" "));
+        auto vstr = SplitString(line, ' ');
         if (vstr.size() < 2)
             continue;
         CTrianglesSecret vchSecret;
@@ -189,13 +187,13 @@ Value importwallet(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
         std::string strLabel;
         bool fLabel = true;
         for (unsigned int nStr = 2; nStr < vstr.size(); nStr++) {
-            if (boost::algorithm::starts_with(vstr[nStr], "#"))
+            if (vstr[nStr].starts_with("#"))
                 break;
             if (vstr[nStr] == "change=1")
                 fLabel = false;
             if (vstr[nStr] == "reserve=1")
                 fLabel = false;
-            if (boost::algorithm::starts_with(vstr[nStr], "label=")) {
+            if (vstr[nStr].starts_with("label=")) {
                 strLabel = DecodeDumpString(vstr[nStr].substr(6));
                 fLabel = true;
             }
@@ -281,7 +279,7 @@ Value dumpwallet(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     // sort time/key pairs
     std::vector<std::pair<int64_t, CKeyID> > vKeyBirth;
     for (std::map<CKeyID, int64_t>::const_iterator it = mapKeyBirth.begin(); it != mapKeyBirth.end(); it++) {
-        vKeyBirth.push_back(std::make_pair(it->second, it->first));
+        vKeyBirth.push_back({it->second, it->first});
     }
     mapKeyBirth.clear();
     std::sort(vKeyBirth.begin(), vKeyBirth.end());

src/rpcnet.cpp

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 #include "net.h"
 #include "addrman.h"
 #include "trianglesrpc.h"
-#include "alert.h"
 #include "wallet.h"
 #include "db.h"
 #include "walletdb.h"
@@ -32,7 +31,7 @@ Value getnetworkinfo(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     healthObj.push_back(Pair("torpeers", health.torPeers));
     healthObj.push_back(Pair("bootstrapped", health.isBootstrapped));
     healthObj.push_back(Pair("syncing", health.isSyncing));
-    healthObj.push_back(Pair("lastblocktime", static_cast<boost::int64_t>(health.lastBlockTime)));
+    healthObj.push_back(Pair("lastblocktime", static_cast<int64_t>(health.lastBlockTime)));
     healthObj.push_back(Pair("networkmode", "tor_native"));
 
     Object obj;
@@ -89,9 +88,9 @@ Value getpeerinfo(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
 
         obj.push_back(Pair("addr", stats.addrName));
         obj.push_back(Pair("services", strprintf("%08"PRIx64, stats.nServices)));
-        obj.push_back(Pair("lastsend", (boost::int64_t)stats.nLastSend));
-        obj.push_back(Pair("lastrecv", (boost::int64_t)stats.nLastRecv));
-        obj.push_back(Pair("conntime", (boost::int64_t)stats.nTimeConnected));
+        obj.push_back(Pair("lastsend", (int64_t)stats.nLastSend));
+        obj.push_back(Pair("lastrecv", (int64_t)stats.nLastRecv));
+        obj.push_back(Pair("conntime", (int64_t)stats.nTimeConnected));
         obj.push_back(Pair("version", stats.nVersion));
         obj.push_back(Pair("subver", stats.strSubVer));
         obj.push_back(Pair("inbound", stats.fInbound));
@@ -107,71 +106,6 @@ Value getpeerinfo(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     return ret;
 }
 
-extern CCriticalSection cs_mapAlerts;
-extern map<uint256, CAlert> mapAlerts;
- 
-// triangles: send alert.  
-// There is a known deadlock situation with ThreadMessageHandler
-// ThreadMessageHandler: holds cs_vSend and acquiring cs_main in SendMessages()
-// ThreadRPCServer: holds cs_main and acquiring cs_vSend in alert.RelayTo()/PushMessage()/BeginMessage()
-Value sendalert(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
-{
-    if (fHelp || params.size() < 6)
-        throw runtime_error(
-            "sendalert <message> <privatekey> <minver> <maxver> <priority> <id> [cancelupto]\n"
-            "<message> is the alert text message\n"
-            "<privatekey> is hex string of alert master private key\n"
-            "<minver> is the minimum applicable internal client version\n"
-            "<maxver> is the maximum applicable internal client version\n"
-            "<priority> is integer priority number\n"
-            "<id> is the alert id\n"
-            "[cancelupto] cancels all alert id's up to this number\n"
-            "Returns true or false.");
-
-    CAlert alert;
-    CKey key;
-
-    alert.strStatusBar = params[0].get_str();
-    alert.nMinVer = params[2].get_int();
-    alert.nMaxVer = params[3].get_int();
-    alert.nPriority = params[4].get_int();
-    alert.nID = params[5].get_int();
-    if (params.size() > 6)
-        alert.nCancel = params[6].get_int();
-    alert.nVersion = PROTOCOL_VERSION;
-    alert.nRelayUntil = GetAdjustedTime() + 365*24*60*60;
-    alert.nExpiration = GetAdjustedTime() + 365*24*60*60;
-
-    CDataStream sMsg(SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
-    sMsg << (CUnsignedAlert)alert;
-    alert.vchMsg = vector<unsigned char>(sMsg.begin(), sMsg.end());
-
-    vector<unsigned char> vchPrivKey = ParseHex(params[1].get_str());
-    key.SetPrivKey(CPrivKey(vchPrivKey.begin(), vchPrivKey.end())); // if key is not correct openssl may crash
-    if (!key.Sign(Hash(alert.vchMsg.begin(), alert.vchMsg.end()), alert.vchSig))
-        throw runtime_error(
-            "Unable to sign alert, check private key?\n");  
-    if(!alert.ProcessAlert()) 
-        throw runtime_error(
-            "Failed to process alert.\n");
-    // Relay alert
-    {
-        LOCK(cs_vNodes);
-        for (CNode* pnode : vNodes)
-            alert.RelayTo(pnode);
-    }
-
-    Object result;
-    result.push_back(Pair("strStatusBar", alert.strStatusBar));
-    result.push_back(Pair("nVersion", alert.nVersion));
-    result.push_back(Pair("nMinVer", alert.nMinVer));
-    result.push_back(Pair("nMaxVer", alert.nMaxVer));
-    result.push_back(Pair("nPriority", alert.nPriority));
-    result.push_back(Pair("nID", alert.nID));
-    if (alert.nCancel > 0)
-        result.push_back(Pair("nCancel", alert.nCancel));
-    return result;
-}
 
 Value addnode(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
 {
@@ -261,7 +195,7 @@ Value getseedlist(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
         Object obj;
         obj.push_back(Pair("address", addr.ToStringIP()));
         obj.push_back(Pair("port", (int)addr.GetPort()));
-        obj.push_back(Pair("lastseen", (boost::int64_t)addr.nTime));
+        obj.push_back(Pair("lastseen", (int64_t)addr.nTime));
         ret.push_back(obj);
     }
 
@@ -340,11 +274,11 @@ Value getnetworkstability(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     obj.push_back(Pair("ping", pingObj));
 
     Object uptimeObj;
-    uptimeObj.push_back(Pair("newest_sec", nTotal > 0 ? (boost::int64_t)nNewestConnection : 0));
-    uptimeObj.push_back(Pair("oldest_sec", nTotal > 0 ? (boost::int64_t)nOldestConnection : 0));
+    uptimeObj.push_back(Pair("newest_sec", nTotal > 0 ? (int64_t)nNewestConnection : 0));
+    uptimeObj.push_back(Pair("oldest_sec", nTotal > 0 ? (int64_t)nOldestConnection : 0));
     obj.push_back(Pair("connection_uptime", uptimeObj));
 
-    obj.push_back(Pair("seconds_since_last_block", (boost::int64_t)(GetTime() - nTimeBestReceived)));
+    obj.push_back(Pair("seconds_since_last_block", (int64_t)(GetTime() - nTimeBestReceived)));
     obj.push_back(Pair("current_height", nBestHeight));
 
     return obj;

src/rpcrawtransaction.cpp

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ using namespace json_spirit;
 
 void ScriptPubKeyToJSON(const CScript& scriptPubKey, Object& out, bool fIncludeHex)
 {
-    txnouttype type;
+    TxnOutType type;
     vector<CTxDestination> addresses;
     int nRequired;
 
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ void ScriptPubKeyToJSON(const CScript& scriptPubKey, Object& out, bool fIncludeH
 
     if (!ExtractDestinations(scriptPubKey, type, addresses, nRequired))
     {
-        out.push_back(Pair("type", GetTxnOutputType(TX_NONSTANDARD)));
+        out.push_back(Pair("type", GetTxnOutputType(TxnOutType::NonStandard)));
         return;
     }
 
@@ -45,8 +45,8 @@ void TxToJSON(const CTransaction& tx, const uint256 hashBlock, Object& entry)
 {
     entry.push_back(Pair("txid", tx.GetHash().GetHex()));
     entry.push_back(Pair("version", tx.nVersion));
-    entry.push_back(Pair("time", (boost::int64_t)tx.nTime));
-    entry.push_back(Pair("locktime", (boost::int64_t)tx.nLockTime));
+    entry.push_back(Pair("time", (int64_t)tx.nTime));
+    entry.push_back(Pair("locktime", (int64_t)tx.nLockTime));
     Array vin;
     for (const CTxIn& txin : tx.vin)
     {
@@ -56,13 +56,13 @@ void TxToJSON(const CTransaction& tx, const uint256 hashBlock, Object& entry)
         else
         {
             in.push_back(Pair("txid", txin.prevout.hash.GetHex()));
-            in.push_back(Pair("vout", (boost::int64_t)txin.prevout.n));
+            in.push_back(Pair("vout", (int64_t)txin.prevout.n));
             Object o;
             o.push_back(Pair("asm", txin.scriptSig.ToString()));
             o.push_back(Pair("hex", HexStr(txin.scriptSig.begin(), txin.scriptSig.end())));
             in.push_back(Pair("scriptSig", o));
         }
-        in.push_back(Pair("sequence", (boost::int64_t)txin.nSequence));
+        in.push_back(Pair("sequence", (int64_t)txin.nSequence));
         vin.push_back(in);
     }
     entry.push_back(Pair("vin", vin));
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ void TxToJSON(const CTransaction& tx, const uint256 hashBlock, Object& entry)
         const CTxOut& txout = tx.vout[i];
         Object out;
         out.push_back(Pair("value", ValueFromAmount(txout.nValue)));
-        out.push_back(Pair("n", (boost::int64_t)i));
+        out.push_back(Pair("n", (int64_t)i));
         Object o;
         ScriptPubKeyToJSON(txout.scriptPubKey, o, false);
         out.push_back(Pair("scriptPubKey", o));
@@ -90,8 +90,8 @@ void TxToJSON(const CTransaction& tx, const uint256 hashBlock, Object& entry)
             if (pindex->IsInMainChain())
             {
                 entry.push_back(Pair("confirmations", 1 + nBestHeight - pindex->nHeight));
-                entry.push_back(Pair("time", (boost::int64_t)pindex->nTime));
-                entry.push_back(Pair("blocktime", (boost::int64_t)pindex->nTime));
+                entry.push_back(Pair("time", (int64_t)pindex->nTime));
+                entry.push_back(Pair("blocktime", (int64_t)pindex->nTime));
             }
             else
                 entry.push_back(Pair("confirmations", 0));
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ Value signrawtransaction(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
         CTransaction tempTx;
         MapPrevTx mapPrevTx;
         MapPrevTx mapEmpty;
-        CTxDB txdb("r");
+        auto txdb_holder = MakeChainDB("r"); CTxDBBase& txdb = *txdb_holder;
         bool fInvalid;
 
         // FetchInputs aborts on failure, so we go one at a time.
@@ -548,11 +548,11 @@ Value sendrawtransaction(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     else
     {
         // push to local node
-        CTxDB txdb("r");
+        auto txdb_holder = MakeChainDB("r"); CTxDBBase& txdb = *txdb_holder;
         if (!tx.AcceptToMemoryPool(txdb))
             throw JSONRPCError(RPC_DESERIALIZATION_ERROR, "TX rejected");
 
-        SyncWithWallets(tx, NULL, true);
+        SyncWithWallets(tx, nullptr, true);
     }
     RelayTransaction(tx, hashTx);
 

src/rpcsmessage.cpp

@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@
 #include "smessage.h"
 #include "init.h" // pwalletMain
 
+#include <filesystem>
+
 using namespace json_spirit;
 using namespace std;
 
@@ -607,7 +609,7 @@ Value smsginbox(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
         {
             dbInbox.TxnBegin();
             
-            leveldb::Iterator* it = dbInbox.pdb->NewIterator(leveldb::ReadOptions());
+            rocksdb::Iterator* it = dbInbox.pdb->NewIterator(rocksdb::ReadOptions());
             while (dbInbox.NextSmesgKey(it, sPrefix, chKey))
             {
                 dbInbox.EraseSmesg(chKey);
@@ -629,7 +631,7 @@ Value smsginbox(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
             
             dbInbox.TxnBegin();
             
-            leveldb::Iterator* it = dbInbox.pdb->NewIterator(leveldb::ReadOptions());
+            rocksdb::Iterator* it = dbInbox.pdb->NewIterator(rocksdb::ReadOptions());
             while (dbInbox.NextSmesg(it, sPrefix, chKey, smsgStored))
             {
                 if (fCheckReadStatus
@@ -717,7 +719,7 @@ Value smsgoutbox(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
         {
             dbOutbox.TxnBegin();
             
-            leveldb::Iterator* it = dbOutbox.pdb->NewIterator(leveldb::ReadOptions());
+            rocksdb::Iterator* it = dbOutbox.pdb->NewIterator(rocksdb::ReadOptions());
             while (dbOutbox.NextSmesgKey(it, sPrefix, chKey))
             {
                 dbOutbox.EraseSmesg(chKey);
@@ -734,7 +736,7 @@ Value smsgoutbox(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
         {
             SecMsgStored smsgStored;
             MessageData msg;
-            leveldb::Iterator* it = dbOutbox.pdb->NewIterator(leveldb::ReadOptions());
+            rocksdb::Iterator* it = dbOutbox.pdb->NewIterator(rocksdb::ReadOptions());
             while (dbOutbox.NextSmesg(it, sPrefix, chKey, smsgStored))
             {
                 uint32_t nPayload = smsgStored.vchMessage.size() - SMSG_HDR_LEN;
@@ -820,10 +822,10 @@ Value smsgbuckets(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
                 objM.push_back(Pair("hash", sHash));
                 objM.push_back(Pair("last changed", getTimeString(it->second.timeChanged, cbuf, sizeof(cbuf))));
                 
-                boost::filesystem::path fullPath = GetDataDir() / "smsgStore" / sFile;
+                std::filesystem::path fullPath = GetDataDir() / "smsgStore" / sFile;
 
 
-                if (!boost::filesystem::exists(fullPath))
+                if (!std::filesystem::exists(fullPath))
                 {
                     // -- If there is a file for an empty bucket something is wrong.
                     if (tokenSet.size() == 0)
@@ -835,10 +837,10 @@ Value smsgbuckets(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
                     try {
                         
                         uint64_t nFBytes = 0;
-                        nFBytes = boost::filesystem::file_size(fullPath);
+                        nFBytes = std::filesystem::file_size(fullPath);
                         nBytes += nFBytes;
                         objM.push_back(Pair("file size", fsReadable(nFBytes)));
-                    } catch (const boost::filesystem::filesystem_error& ex)
+                    } catch (const std::filesystem::filesystem_error& ex)
                     {
                         objM.push_back(Pair("file size, error", ex.what()));
                     };
@@ -871,9 +873,9 @@ Value smsgbuckets(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
                 std::string sFile = std::to_string(it->first) + "_01.dat";
                 
                 try {
-                    boost::filesystem::path fullPath = GetDataDir() / "smsgStore" / sFile;
-                    boost::filesystem::remove(fullPath);
-                } catch (const boost::filesystem::filesystem_error& ex)
+                    std::filesystem::path fullPath = GetDataDir() / "smsgStore" / sFile;
+                    std::filesystem::remove(fullPath);
+                } catch (const std::filesystem::filesystem_error& ex)
                 {
                     //objM.push_back(Pair("file size, error", ex.what()));
                     printf("Error removing bucket file %s.\n", ex.what());
@@ -930,7 +932,7 @@ Value smsgbroadcast(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
 
         // Iterate all "pk" entries
         std::string sPrefix("pk");
-        leveldb::Iterator* it = dbPub.pdb->NewIterator(leveldb::ReadOptions());
+        rocksdb::Iterator* it = dbPub.pdb->NewIterator(rocksdb::ReadOptions());
         for (it->Seek(sPrefix); it->Valid(); it->Next())
         {
             std::string key = it->key().ToString();

src/rpcwallet.cpp

@@ -59,11 +59,11 @@ void WalletTxToJSON(const CWalletTx& wtx, Object& entry)
         entry.push_back(Pair("blockindex", wtx.nIndex));
         auto mi = mapBlockIndex.find(wtx.hashBlock);
         if (mi != mapBlockIndex.end() && mi->second)
-            entry.push_back(Pair("blocktime", (boost::int64_t)(mi->second->nTime)));
+            entry.push_back(Pair("blocktime", (int64_t)(mi->second->nTime)));
     }
     entry.push_back(Pair("txid", wtx.GetHash().GetHex()));
-    entry.push_back(Pair("time", (boost::int64_t)wtx.GetTxTime()));
-    entry.push_back(Pair("timereceived", (boost::int64_t)wtx.nTimeReceived));
+    entry.push_back(Pair("time", (int64_t)wtx.GetTxTime()));
+    entry.push_back(Pair("timereceived", (int64_t)wtx.nTimeReceived));
     for (const auto& item : wtx.mapValue)
         entry.push_back(Pair(item.first, item.second));
 }
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ Value getinfo(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     obj.push_back(Pair("newmint",       ValueFromAmount(pwalletMain->GetNewMint())));
     obj.push_back(Pair("stake",         ValueFromAmount(pwalletMain->GetStake())));
     obj.push_back(Pair("blocks",        (int)nBestHeight));
-    obj.push_back(Pair("timeoffset",    (boost::int64_t)GetTimeOffset()));
+    obj.push_back(Pair("timeoffset",    (int64_t)GetTimeOffset()));
     obj.push_back(Pair("moneysupply",   ValueFromAmount(pindexBest->nMoneySupply)));
     obj.push_back(Pair("connections",   (int)vNodes.size()));
     obj.push_back(Pair("proxy",         (proxy.first.IsValid() ? proxy.first.ToStringIPPort() : string())));
@@ -105,14 +105,14 @@ Value getinfo(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     obj.push_back(Pair("difficulty",    diff));
 
     obj.push_back(Pair("testnet",       fTestNet));
-    obj.push_back(Pair("keypoololdest", (boost::int64_t)pwalletMain->GetOldestKeyPoolTime()));
+    obj.push_back(Pair("keypoololdest", (int64_t)pwalletMain->GetOldestKeyPoolTime()));
     obj.push_back(Pair("keypoolsize",   (int)pwalletMain->GetKeyPoolSize()));
     obj.push_back(Pair("paytxfee",      ValueFromAmount(nTransactionFee)));
     obj.push_back(Pair("mininput",      ValueFromAmount(nMinimumInputValue)));
     if (pwalletMain->IsCrypted())
     {
         LOCK(cs_nWalletUnlockTime);
-        obj.push_back(Pair("unlocked_until", (boost::int64_t)nWalletUnlockTime / 1000));
+        obj.push_back(Pair("unlocked_until", (int64_t)nWalletUnlockTime / 1000));
     }
     obj.push_back(Pair("errors",        GetWarnings("statusbar")));
     return obj;
@@ -139,14 +139,14 @@ Value getwalletinfo(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     obj.push_back(Pair("stake",         ValueFromAmount(pwalletMain->GetStake())));
     obj.push_back(Pair("newmint",       ValueFromAmount(pwalletMain->GetNewMint())));
     obj.push_back(Pair("txcount",       txCount));
-    obj.push_back(Pair("keypoololdest", (boost::int64_t)pwalletMain->GetOldestKeyPoolTime()));
+    obj.push_back(Pair("keypoololdest", (int64_t)pwalletMain->GetOldestKeyPoolTime()));
     obj.push_back(Pair("keypoolsize",   (int)pwalletMain->GetKeyPoolSize()));
     obj.push_back(Pair("paytxfee",      ValueFromAmount(nTransactionFee)));
     obj.push_back(Pair("mininput",      ValueFromAmount(nMinimumInputValue)));
     if (pwalletMain->IsCrypted())
     {
         LOCK(cs_nWalletUnlockTime);
-        obj.push_back(Pair("unlocked_until", (boost::int64_t)nWalletUnlockTime / 1000));
+        obj.push_back(Pair("unlocked_until", (int64_t)nWalletUnlockTime / 1000));
     }
     return obj;
 }
@@ -818,7 +818,7 @@ Value sendmany(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
         throw JSONRPCError(RPC_WALLET_INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS, "Account has insufficient funds");
 
     // Send
-    CReserveKey keyChange(pwalletMain);
+    CReserveKey keyChange(pwalletMain.get());
     int64_t nFeeRequired = 0;
     bool fCreated = pwalletMain->CreateTransaction(vecSend, wtx, keyChange, nFeeRequired);
     if (!fCreated)
@@ -1151,7 +1151,7 @@ void AcentryToJSON(const CAccountingEntry& acentry, const string& strAccount, Ar
         Object entry;
         entry.push_back(Pair("account", acentry.strAccount));
         entry.push_back(Pair("category", "move"));
-        entry.push_back(Pair("time", (boost::int64_t)acentry.nTime));
+        entry.push_back(Pair("time", (int64_t)acentry.nTime));
         entry.push_back(Pair("amount", ValueFromAmount(acentry.nCreditDebit)));
         entry.push_back(Pair("otheraccount", acentry.strOtherAccount));
         entry.push_back(Pair("comment", acentry.strComment));
@@ -1284,7 +1284,7 @@ Value listsinceblock(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
             "listsinceblock [blockhash] [target-confirmations]\n"
             "Get all transactions in blocks since block [blockhash], or all transactions if omitted");
 
-    CBlockIndex *pindex = NULL;
+    CBlockIndex *pindex = nullptr;
     int target_confirms = 1;
 
     if (params.size() > 0)
@@ -1535,7 +1535,7 @@ Value walletpassphrase(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
             "walletpassphrase <passphrase> <timeout>\n"
             "Stores the wallet decryption key in memory for <timeout> seconds.");
 
-    NewThread(ThreadTopUpKeyPool, NULL);
+    NewThread(ThreadTopUpKeyPool, nullptr);
     int64_t* pnSleepTime = new int64_t(params[1].get_int64());
     NewThread(ThreadCleanWalletPassphrase, pnSleepTime);
 
@@ -1654,7 +1654,7 @@ public:
         CScript subscript;
         pwalletMain->GetCScript(scriptID, subscript);
         std::vector<CTxDestination> addresses;
-        txnouttype whichType;
+        TxnOutType whichType;
         int nRequired;
         ExtractDestinations(subscript, whichType, addresses, nRequired);
         obj.push_back(Pair("script", GetTxnOutputType(whichType)));
@@ -1663,7 +1663,7 @@ public:
         for (const CTxDestination& addr : addresses)
             a.push_back(CTrianglesAddress(addr).ToString());
         obj.push_back(Pair("addresses", a));
-        if (whichType == TX_MULTISIG)
+        if (whichType == TxnOutType::MultiSig)
             obj.push_back(Pair("sigsrequired", nRequired));
         return obj;
     }
@@ -1858,181 +1858,3 @@ Value makekeypair(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     result.push_back(Pair("PublicKey", HexStr(key.GetPubKey().Raw())));
 return result;
 }
-
-
-
-Value clearwallettransactions(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
-{
-    if (fHelp || params.size() > 0)
-        throw runtime_error(
-            "clearwallettransactions \n"
-            "delete all transactions from wallet - reload with scanforalltxns\n"
-            "Warning: Backup your wallet first!");
-    
-    
-    
-    Object result;
-    
-    uint32_t nTransactions = 0;
-    
-    char cbuf[256];
-    
-    {
-        LOCK2(cs_main, pwalletMain->cs_wallet);
-        
-        CWalletDB walletdb(pwalletMain->strWalletFile);
-        walletdb.TxnBegin();
-        Dbc* pcursor = walletdb.GetTxnCursor();
-        if (!pcursor)
-            throw runtime_error("Cannot get wallet DB cursor");
-
-        // RAII guard ensures cursor is closed even on exception
-        struct CursorGuard {
-            Dbc* cur;
-            CursorGuard(Dbc* c) : cur(c) {}
-            ~CursorGuard() { if (cur) cur->close(); }
-        } cursorGuard(pcursor);
-
-        Dbt datKey;
-        Dbt datValue;
-        
-        datKey.set_flags(DB_DBT_USERMEM);
-        datValue.set_flags(DB_DBT_USERMEM);
-        
-        std::vector<unsigned char> vchKey;
-        std::vector<unsigned char> vchType;
-        std::vector<unsigned char> vchKeyData;
-        std::vector<unsigned char> vchValueData;
-        
-        vchKeyData.resize(100);
-        vchValueData.resize(100);
-        
-        datKey.set_ulen(vchKeyData.size());
-        datKey.set_data(&vchKeyData[0]);
-        
-        datValue.set_ulen(vchValueData.size());
-        datValue.set_data(&vchValueData[0]);
-        
-        unsigned int fFlags = DB_NEXT; // same as using DB_FIRST for new cursor
-        while (true)
-        {
-            int ret = pcursor->get(&datKey, &datValue, fFlags);
-            
-            if (ret == ENOMEM
-                || ret == DB_BUFFER_SMALL)
-            {
-                if (datKey.get_size() > datKey.get_ulen())
-                {
-                    vchKeyData.resize(datKey.get_size());
-                    datKey.set_ulen(vchKeyData.size());
-                    datKey.set_data(&vchKeyData[0]);
-                };
-                
-                if (datValue.get_size() > datValue.get_ulen())
-                {
-                    vchValueData.resize(datValue.get_size());
-                    datValue.set_ulen(vchValueData.size());
-                    datValue.set_data(&vchValueData[0]);
-                };
-                // -- try once more, when DB_BUFFER_SMALL cursor is not expected to move
-                ret = pcursor->get(&datKey, &datValue, fFlags);
-            };
-            
-            if (ret == DB_NOTFOUND)
-                break;
-            else
-            if (datKey.get_data() == NULL || datValue.get_data() == NULL
-                || ret != 0)
-            {
-                const char* dbErr = db_strerror(ret);
-                snprintf(cbuf, sizeof(cbuf), "wallet DB error %d, %s", ret, dbErr ? dbErr : "unknown");
-                throw runtime_error(cbuf);
-            };
-            
-            CDataStream ssValue(SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
-            ssValue.SetType(SER_DISK);
-            ssValue.clear();
-            ssValue.write((char*)datKey.get_data(), datKey.get_size());
-            
-            ssValue >> vchType;
-            
-            
-            std::string strType(vchType.begin(), vchType.end());
-            
-            //printf("strType %s\n", strType.c_str());
-            
-            if (strType == "tx")
-            {
-                uint256 hash;
-                ssValue >> hash;
-                
-                if ((ret = pcursor->del(0)) != 0)
-                {
-                    printf("Delete transaction failed %d, %s\n", ret, db_strerror(ret));
-                    continue;
-                };
-                
-                pwalletMain->mapWallet.erase(hash);
-                try { pwalletMain->NotifyTransactionChanged(pwalletMain, hash, CT_DELETED); }
-                catch (...) {
-                    printf("clearwallettransactions: NotifyTransactionChanged failed\n");
-                }
-
-                nTransactions++;
-            };
-        };
-        cursorGuard.cur = nullptr;  // mark as handled
-        pcursor->close();
-        walletdb.TxnCommit();
-    }
-    
-    snprintf(cbuf, sizeof(cbuf), "Removed %u transactions.", nTransactions);
-    result.push_back(Pair("complete", std::string(cbuf)));
-    result.push_back(Pair("", "Reload with scanforstealthtxns or re-download blockchain."));
-    
-    
-    return result;
-}
-
-Value scanforalltxns(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
-{
-    if (fHelp || params.size() > 1)
-        throw runtime_error(
-            "scanforalltxns [fromHeight]\n"
-            "Scan blockchain for owned transactions.");
-    
-    Object result;
-    int32_t nFromHeight = 0;
-    
-    CBlockIndex *pindex = pindexGenesisBlock;
-    
-    
-    if (params.size() > 0)
-        nFromHeight = params[0].get_int();
-    
-    
-    if (nFromHeight > 0)
-    {
-        pindex = mapBlockIndex[hashBestChain];
-        while (pindex->nHeight > nFromHeight
-            && pindex->pprev)
-            pindex = pindex->pprev;
-    };
-    
-    if (pindex == NULL)
-        throw runtime_error("Genesis Block is not set.");
-    
-    {
-        LOCK2(cs_main, pwalletMain->cs_wallet);
-        
-        pwalletMain->MarkDirty();
-        
-        pwalletMain->ScanForWalletTransactions(pindex, true);
-        pwalletMain->ReacceptWalletTransactions();
-    }
-    
-    result.push_back(Pair("result", "Scan complete."));
-    
-    return result;
-}
-

src/script.cpp

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ using namespace std;
 #include "sync.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
-bool CheckSig(vector<unsigned char> vchSig, vector<unsigned char> vchPubKey, CScript scriptCode, const CTransaction& txTo, unsigned int nIn, int nHashType);
+bool CheckSig(const vector<unsigned char>& vchSig, const vector<unsigned char>& vchPubKey, const CScript& scriptCode, const CTransaction& txTo, unsigned int nIn, int nHashType);
 
 static const valtype vchFalse(0);
 static const valtype vchZero(0);
@@ -93,17 +93,17 @@ static inline void popstack(vector<valtype>& stack)
 }
 
 
-const char* GetTxnOutputType(txnouttype t)
+const char* GetTxnOutputType(TxnOutType t)
 {
     switch (t)
     {
-    case TX_NONSTANDARD: return "nonstandard";
-    case TX_PUBKEY: return "pubkey";
-    case TX_PUBKEYHASH: return "pubkeyhash";
-    case TX_SCRIPTHASH: return "scripthash";
-    case TX_MULTISIG: return "multisig";
+    case TxnOutType::NonStandard: return "nonstandard";
+    case TxnOutType::PubKey: return "pubkey";
+    case TxnOutType::PubKeyHash: return "pubkeyhash";
+    case TxnOutType::ScriptHash: return "scripthash";
+    case TxnOutType::MultiSig: return "multisig";
     }
-    return NULL;
+    return nullptr;
 }
 
 
@@ -751,8 +751,8 @@ bool EvalScript(vector<vector<unsigned char> >& stack, const CScript& script, co
                     if (stack.size() < 1)
                         return false;
                     valtype& vch = stacktop(-1);
-                    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vch.size(); i++)
-                        vch[i] = ~vch[i];
+                    for (auto& b : vch)
+                        b = ~b;
                 }
                 break;
 
@@ -893,7 +893,7 @@ bool EvalScript(vector<vector<unsigned char> >& stack, const CScript& script, co
                         break;
 
                     case OP_DIV:
-                        if (!BN_div(bn.get(), NULL, bn1.get(), bn2.get(), pctx))
+                        if (!BN_div(bn.get(), nullptr, bn1.get(), bn2.get(), pctx))
                             return false;
                         break;
 
@@ -973,7 +973,11 @@ bool EvalScript(vector<vector<unsigned char> >& stack, const CScript& script, co
                     valtype& vch = stacktop(-1);
                     valtype vchHash((opcode == OP_RIPEMD160 || opcode == OP_SHA1 || opcode == OP_HASH160) ? 20 : 32);
                     if (opcode == OP_RIPEMD160)
+                    {
+                        TRI_OPENSSL_SUPPRESS_DEPRECATED_BEGIN
                         RIPEMD160(&vch[0], vch.size(), &vchHash[0]);
+                        TRI_OPENSSL_SUPPRESS_DEPRECATED_END
+                    }
                     else if (opcode == OP_SHA1)
                         SHA1(&vch[0], vch.size(), &vchHash[0]);
                     else if (opcode == OP_SHA256)
@@ -1227,7 +1231,7 @@ private:
         // Mix sighash with first 8 bytes of sig and pubkey for a fast key
         uint64_t k = hash.Get64();
         if (vchSig.size() >= 8)
-            memcpy(&k, &k, 4);  // keep upper half
+            k = (k & 0xffffffff00000000ULL) | (k & 0x00000000ffffffffULL);
         k ^= std::hash<size_t>()(vchSig.size()) * 0x9e3779b97f4a7c15ULL;
         k ^= std::hash<size_t>()(vchPubKey.size()) * 0x517cc1b727220a95ULL;
         // Mix in actual signature bytes for uniqueness
@@ -1271,7 +1275,7 @@ public:
     }
 };
 
-bool CheckSig(vector<unsigned char> vchSig, vector<unsigned char> vchPubKey, CScript scriptCode,
+bool CheckSig(const vector<unsigned char>& vchSig, const vector<unsigned char>& vchPubKey, const CScript& scriptCode,
               const CTransaction& txTo, unsigned int nIn, int nHashType)
 {
     static CSignatureCache signatureCache;
@@ -1283,18 +1287,20 @@ bool CheckSig(vector<unsigned char> vchSig, vector<unsigned char> vchPubKey, CSc
         nHashType = vchSig.back();
     else if (nHashType != vchSig.back())
         return false;
-    vchSig.pop_back();
+
+    vector<unsigned char> vchSigCopy(vchSig);
+    vchSigCopy.pop_back();
 
     uint256 sighash = SignatureHash(scriptCode, txTo, nIn, nHashType);
 
-    if (signatureCache.Get(sighash, vchSig, vchPubKey))
+    if (signatureCache.Get(sighash, vchSigCopy, vchPubKey))
         return true;
 
     CKey key;
     if (!key.SetPubKey(vchPubKey))
         return false;
 
-    if (!key.Verify(sighash, vchSig))
+    if (!key.Verify(sighash, vchSigCopy))
         return false;
 
     signatureCache.Set(sighash, vchSig, vchPubKey);
@@ -1312,27 +1318,21 @@ bool CheckSig(vector<unsigned char> vchSig, vector<unsigned char> vchPubKey, CSc
 //
 // Return public keys or hashes from scriptPubKey, for 'standard' transaction types.
 //
-bool Solver(const CScript& scriptPubKey, txnouttype& typeRet, vector<vector<unsigned char> >& vSolutionsRet)
+bool Solver(const CScript& scriptPubKey, TxnOutType& typeRet, vector<vector<unsigned char> >& vSolutionsRet)
 {
-    // Templates
-    static map<txnouttype, CScript> mTemplates;
+    static map<TxnOutType, CScript> mTemplates;
     if (mTemplates.empty())
     {
-        // Standard tx, sender provides pubkey, receiver adds signature
-        mTemplates.insert(make_pair(TX_PUBKEY, CScript() << OP_PUBKEY << OP_CHECKSIG));
-
-        // Triangles address tx, sender provides hash of pubkey, receiver provides signature and pubkey
-        mTemplates.insert(make_pair(TX_PUBKEYHASH, CScript() << OP_DUP << OP_HASH160 << OP_PUBKEYHASH << OP_EQUALVERIFY << OP_CHECKSIG));
-
-        // Sender provides N pubkeys, receivers provides M signatures
-        mTemplates.insert(make_pair(TX_MULTISIG, CScript() << OP_SMALLINTEGER << OP_PUBKEYS << OP_SMALLINTEGER << OP_CHECKMULTISIG));
+        mTemplates.insert(make_pair(TxnOutType::PubKey, CScript() << OP_PUBKEY << OP_CHECKSIG));
+        mTemplates.insert(make_pair(TxnOutType::PubKeyHash, CScript() << OP_DUP << OP_HASH160 << OP_PUBKEYHASH << OP_EQUALVERIFY << OP_CHECKSIG));
+        mTemplates.insert(make_pair(TxnOutType::MultiSig, CScript() << OP_SMALLINTEGER << OP_PUBKEYS << OP_SMALLINTEGER << OP_CHECKMULTISIG));
     }
 
     // Shortcut for pay-to-script-hash, which are more constrained than the other types:
     // it is always OP_HASH160 20 [20 byte hash] OP_EQUAL
     if (scriptPubKey.IsPayToScriptHash())
     {
-        typeRet = TX_SCRIPTHASH;
+        typeRet = TxnOutType::ScriptHash;
         vector<unsigned char> hashBytes(scriptPubKey.begin()+2, scriptPubKey.begin()+22);
         vSolutionsRet.push_back(hashBytes);
         return true;
@@ -1357,7 +1357,7 @@ bool Solver(const CScript& scriptPubKey, txnouttype& typeRet, vector<vector<unsi
             {
                 // Found a match
                 typeRet = tplate.first;
-                if (typeRet == TX_MULTISIG)
+                if (typeRet == TxnOutType::MultiSig)
                 {
                     // Additional checks for TX_MULTISIG:
                     unsigned char m = vSolutionsRet.front()[0];
@@ -1419,7 +1419,7 @@ bool Solver(const CScript& scriptPubKey, txnouttype& typeRet, vector<vector<unsi
     }
 
     vSolutionsRet.clear();
-    typeRet = TX_NONSTANDARD;
+    typeRet = TxnOutType::NonStandard;
     return false;
 }
 
@@ -1460,7 +1460,7 @@ bool SignN(const vector<valtype>& multisigdata, const CKeyStore& keystore, uint2
 // Returns false if scriptPubKey could not be completely satisfied.
 //
 bool Solver(const CKeyStore& keystore, const CScript& scriptPubKey, uint256 hash, int nHashType,
-                  CScript& scriptSigRet, txnouttype& whichTypeRet)
+                  CScript& scriptSigRet, TxnOutType& whichTypeRet)
 {
     scriptSigRet.clear();
 
@@ -1471,12 +1471,12 @@ bool Solver(const CKeyStore& keystore, const CScript& scriptPubKey, uint256 hash
     CKeyID keyID;
     switch (whichTypeRet)
     {
-    case TX_NONSTANDARD:
+    case TxnOutType::NonStandard:
         return false;
-    case TX_PUBKEY:
+    case TxnOutType::PubKey:
         keyID = CPubKey(vSolutions[0]).GetID();
         return Sign1(keyID, keystore, hash, nHashType, scriptSigRet);
-    case TX_PUBKEYHASH:
+    case TxnOutType::PubKeyHash:
         keyID = CKeyID(uint160(vSolutions[0]));
         if (!Sign1(keyID, keystore, hash, nHashType, scriptSigRet))
             return false;
@@ -1487,32 +1487,32 @@ bool Solver(const CKeyStore& keystore, const CScript& scriptPubKey, uint256 hash
             scriptSigRet << vch;
         }
         return true;
-    case TX_SCRIPTHASH:
+    case TxnOutType::ScriptHash:
         return keystore.GetCScript(uint160(vSolutions[0]), scriptSigRet);
 
-    case TX_MULTISIG:
-        scriptSigRet << OP_0; // workaround CHECKMULTISIG bug
+    case TxnOutType::MultiSig:
+        scriptSigRet << OP_0;
         return (SignN(vSolutions, keystore, hash, nHashType, scriptSigRet));
     }
     return false;
 }
 
-int ScriptSigArgsExpected(txnouttype t, const std::vector<std::vector<unsigned char> >& vSolutions)
+int ScriptSigArgsExpected(TxnOutType t, const std::vector<std::vector<unsigned char> >& vSolutions)
 {
     switch (t)
     {
-    case TX_NONSTANDARD:
+    case TxnOutType::NonStandard:
         return -1;
-    case TX_PUBKEY:
+    case TxnOutType::PubKey:
         return 1;
-    case TX_PUBKEYHASH:
+    case TxnOutType::PubKeyHash:
         return 2;
-    case TX_MULTISIG:
+    case TxnOutType::MultiSig:
         if (vSolutions.size() < 1 || vSolutions[0].size() < 1)
             return -1;
         return vSolutions[0][0] + 1;
-    case TX_SCRIPTHASH:
-        return 1; // doesn't include args needed by the script
+    case TxnOutType::ScriptHash:
+        return 1;
     }
     return -1;
 }
@@ -1520,11 +1520,11 @@ int ScriptSigArgsExpected(txnouttype t, const std::vector<std::vector<unsigned c
 bool IsStandard(const CScript& scriptPubKey)
 {
     vector<valtype> vSolutions;
-    txnouttype whichType;
+    TxnOutType whichType;
     if (!Solver(scriptPubKey, whichType, vSolutions))
         return false;
 
-    if (whichType == TX_MULTISIG)
+    if (whichType == TxnOutType::MultiSig)
     {
         unsigned char m = vSolutions.front()[0];
         unsigned char n = vSolutions.back()[0];
@@ -1535,7 +1535,7 @@ bool IsStandard(const CScript& scriptPubKey)
             return false;
     }
 
-    return whichType != TX_NONSTANDARD;
+    return whichType != TxnOutType::NonStandard;
 }
 
 
@@ -1571,29 +1571,29 @@ bool IsMine(const CKeyStore &keystore, const CTxDestination &dest)
 bool IsMine(const CKeyStore &keystore, const CScript& scriptPubKey)
 {
     vector<valtype> vSolutions;
-    txnouttype whichType;
+    TxnOutType whichType;
     if (!Solver(scriptPubKey, whichType, vSolutions))
         return false;
 
     CKeyID keyID;
     switch (whichType)
     {
-    case TX_NONSTANDARD:
+    case TxnOutType::NonStandard:
         return false;
-    case TX_PUBKEY:
+    case TxnOutType::PubKey:
         keyID = CPubKey(vSolutions[0]).GetID();
         return keystore.HaveKey(keyID);
-    case TX_PUBKEYHASH:
+    case TxnOutType::PubKeyHash:
         keyID = CKeyID(uint160(vSolutions[0]));
         return keystore.HaveKey(keyID);
-    case TX_SCRIPTHASH:
+    case TxnOutType::ScriptHash:
     {
         CScript subscript;
         if (!keystore.GetCScript(CScriptID(uint160(vSolutions[0])), subscript))
             return false;
         return IsMine(keystore, subscript);
     }
-    case TX_MULTISIG:
+    case TxnOutType::MultiSig:
     {
         // Only consider transactions "mine" if we own ALL the
         // keys involved. multi-signature transactions that are
@@ -1610,21 +1610,21 @@ bool IsMine(const CKeyStore &keystore, const CScript& scriptPubKey)
 bool ExtractDestination(const CScript& scriptPubKey, CTxDestination& addressRet)
 {
     vector<valtype> vSolutions;
-    txnouttype whichType;
+    TxnOutType whichType;
     if (!Solver(scriptPubKey, whichType, vSolutions))
         return false;
 
-    if (whichType == TX_PUBKEY)
+    if (whichType == TxnOutType::PubKey)
     {
         addressRet = CPubKey(vSolutions[0]).GetID();
         return true;
     }
-    else if (whichType == TX_PUBKEYHASH)
+    else if (whichType == TxnOutType::PubKeyHash)
     {
         addressRet = CKeyID(uint160(vSolutions[0]));
         return true;
     }
-    else if (whichType == TX_SCRIPTHASH)
+    else if (whichType == TxnOutType::ScriptHash)
     {
         addressRet = CScriptID(uint160(vSolutions[0]));
         return true;
@@ -1642,7 +1642,7 @@ public:
     CAffectedKeysVisitor(const CKeyStore &keystoreIn, std::vector<CKeyID> &vKeysIn) : keystore(keystoreIn), vKeys(vKeysIn) {}
 
     void Process(const CScript &script) {
-        txnouttype type;
+        TxnOutType type;
         std::vector<CTxDestination> vDest;
         int nRequired;
         if (ExtractDestinations(script, type, vDest, nRequired)) {
@@ -1671,15 +1671,15 @@ void ExtractAffectedKeys(const CKeyStore &keystore, const CScript& scriptPubKey,
     CAffectedKeysVisitor(keystore, vKeys).Process(scriptPubKey);
 }
 
-bool ExtractDestinations(const CScript& scriptPubKey, txnouttype& typeRet, vector<CTxDestination>& addressRet, int& nRequiredRet)
+bool ExtractDestinations(const CScript& scriptPubKey, TxnOutType& typeRet, vector<CTxDestination>& addressRet, int& nRequiredRet)
 {
     addressRet.clear();
-    typeRet = TX_NONSTANDARD;
+    typeRet = TxnOutType::NonStandard;
     vector<valtype> vSolutions;
     if (!Solver(scriptPubKey, typeRet, vSolutions))
         return false;
 
-    if (typeRet == TX_MULTISIG)
+    if (typeRet == TxnOutType::MultiSig)
     {
         nRequiredRet = vSolutions.front()[0];
         for (unsigned int i = 1; i < vSolutions.size()-1; i++)
@@ -1747,23 +1747,19 @@ bool SignSignature(const CKeyStore &keystore, const CScript& fromPubKey, CTransa
     // The checksig op will also drop the signatures from its hash.
     uint256 hash = SignatureHash(fromPubKey, txTo, nIn, nHashType);
 
-    txnouttype whichType;
+    TxnOutType whichType;
     if (!Solver(keystore, fromPubKey, hash, nHashType, txin.scriptSig, whichType))
         return false;
 
-    if (whichType == TX_SCRIPTHASH)
+    if (whichType == TxnOutType::ScriptHash)
     {
-        // Solver returns the subscript that need to be evaluated;
-        // the final scriptSig is the signatures from that
-        // and then the serialized subscript:
         CScript subscript = txin.scriptSig;
 
-        // Recompute txn hash using subscript in place of scriptPubKey:
         uint256 hash2 = SignatureHash(subscript, txTo, nIn, nHashType);
 
-        txnouttype subType;
+        TxnOutType subType;
         bool fSolved =
-            Solver(keystore, subscript, hash2, nHashType, txin.scriptSig, subType) && subType != TX_SCRIPTHASH;
+            Solver(keystore, subscript, hash2, nHashType, txin.scriptSig, subType) && subType != TxnOutType::ScriptHash;
         // Append serialized subscript whether or not it is completely signed:
         txin.scriptSig << static_cast<valtype>(subscript);
         if (!fSolved) return false;
@@ -1862,23 +1858,21 @@ static CScript CombineMultisig(CScript scriptPubKey, const CTransaction& txTo, u
 }
 
 static CScript CombineSignatures(CScript scriptPubKey, const CTransaction& txTo, unsigned int nIn,
-                                 const txnouttype txType, const vector<valtype>& vSolutions,
+                                 const TxnOutType txType, const vector<valtype>& vSolutions,
                                  vector<valtype>& sigs1, vector<valtype>& sigs2)
 {
     switch (txType)
     {
-    case TX_NONSTANDARD:
-        // Don't know anything about this, assume bigger one is correct:
+    case TxnOutType::NonStandard:
         if (sigs1.size() >= sigs2.size())
             return PushAll(sigs1);
         return PushAll(sigs2);
-    case TX_PUBKEY:
-    case TX_PUBKEYHASH:
-        // Signatures are bigger than placeholders or empty scripts:
+    case TxnOutType::PubKey:
+    case TxnOutType::PubKeyHash:
         if (sigs1.empty() || sigs1[0].empty())
             return PushAll(sigs2);
         return PushAll(sigs1);
-    case TX_SCRIPTHASH:
+    case TxnOutType::ScriptHash:
         if (sigs1.empty() || sigs1.back().empty())
             return PushAll(sigs2);
         else if (sigs2.empty() || sigs2.back().empty())
@@ -1889,7 +1883,7 @@ static CScript CombineSignatures(CScript scriptPubKey, const CTransaction& txTo,
             valtype spk = sigs1.back();
             CScript pubKey2(spk.begin(), spk.end());
 
-            txnouttype txType2;
+            TxnOutType txType2;
             vector<vector<unsigned char> > vSolutions2;
             Solver(pubKey2, txType2, vSolutions2);
             sigs1.pop_back();
@@ -1898,7 +1892,7 @@ static CScript CombineSignatures(CScript scriptPubKey, const CTransaction& txTo,
             result << spk;
             return result;
         }
-    case TX_MULTISIG:
+    case TxnOutType::MultiSig:
         return CombineMultisig(scriptPubKey, txTo, nIn, vSolutions, sigs1, sigs2);
     }
 
@@ -1908,7 +1902,7 @@ static CScript CombineSignatures(CScript scriptPubKey, const CTransaction& txTo,
 CScript CombineSignatures(CScript scriptPubKey, const CTransaction& txTo, unsigned int nIn,
                           const CScript& scriptSig1, const CScript& scriptSig2)
 {
-    txnouttype txType;
+    TxnOutType txType;
     vector<vector<unsigned char> > vSolutions;
     Solver(scriptPubKey, txType, vSolutions);
 

src/script.h

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 #include "keystore.h"
 #include "bignum.h"
 
-typedef std::vector<unsigned char> valtype;
+using valtype = std::vector<unsigned char>;
 
 class CTransaction;
 
@@ -30,14 +30,13 @@ enum
 };
 
 
-enum txnouttype
+enum class TxnOutType
 {
-    TX_NONSTANDARD,
-    // 'standard' transaction types:
-    TX_PUBKEY,
-    TX_PUBKEYHASH,
-    TX_SCRIPTHASH,
-    TX_MULTISIG,
+    NonStandard,
+    PubKey,
+    PubKeyHash,
+    ScriptHash,
+    MultiSig,
 };
 
 class CNoDestination {
@@ -52,9 +51,9 @@ public:
  *  * CScriptID: TX_SCRIPTHASH destination
  *  A CTxDestination is the internal data type encoded in a CTrianglesAddress
  */
-typedef std::variant<CNoDestination, CKeyID, CScriptID> CTxDestination;
+using CTxDestination = std::variant<CNoDestination, CKeyID, CScriptID>;
 
-const char* GetTxnOutputType(txnouttype t);
+const char* GetTxnOutputType(TxnOutType t);
 
 /** Script opcodes */
 enum opcodetype
@@ -267,7 +266,7 @@ protected:
 
 public:
     CScript() { }
-    CScript(const CScript& b) : std::vector<unsigned char>(b.begin(), b.end()) { }
+    CScript(const CScript& b) = default;
     CScript(const_iterator pbegin, const_iterator pend) : std::vector<unsigned char>(pbegin, pend) { }
 #ifndef _MSC_VER
     CScript(const unsigned char* pbegin, const unsigned char* pend) : std::vector<unsigned char>(pbegin, pend) { }
@@ -590,19 +589,19 @@ public:
 
 
 bool EvalScript(std::vector<std::vector<unsigned char> >& stack, const CScript& script, const CTransaction& txTo, unsigned int nIn, int nHashType);
-bool Solver(const CScript& scriptPubKey, txnouttype& typeRet, std::vector<std::vector<unsigned char> >& vSolutionsRet);
-int ScriptSigArgsExpected(txnouttype t, const std::vector<std::vector<unsigned char> >& vSolutions);
-bool IsStandard(const CScript& scriptPubKey);
-bool IsMine(const CKeyStore& keystore, const CScript& scriptPubKey);
-bool IsMine(const CKeyStore& keystore, const CTxDestination &dest);
+bool Solver(const CScript& scriptPubKey, TxnOutType& typeRet, std::vector<std::vector<unsigned char> >& vSolutionsRet);
+int ScriptSigArgsExpected(TxnOutType t, const std::vector<std::vector<unsigned char> >& vSolutions);
+[[nodiscard]] bool IsStandard(const CScript& scriptPubKey);
+[[nodiscard]] bool IsMine(const CKeyStore& keystore, const CScript& scriptPubKey);
+[[nodiscard]] bool IsMine(const CKeyStore& keystore, const CTxDestination &dest);
 void ExtractAffectedKeys(const CKeyStore &keystore, const CScript& scriptPubKey, std::vector<CKeyID> &vKeys);
 bool ExtractDestination(const CScript& scriptPubKey, CTxDestination& addressRet);
-bool ExtractDestinations(const CScript& scriptPubKey, txnouttype& typeRet, std::vector<CTxDestination>& addressRet, int& nRequiredRet);
-bool SignSignature(const CKeyStore& keystore, const CScript& fromPubKey, CTransaction& txTo, unsigned int nIn, int nHashType=SIGHASH_ALL);
-bool SignSignature(const CKeyStore& keystore, const CTransaction& txFrom, CTransaction& txTo, unsigned int nIn, int nHashType=SIGHASH_ALL);
-bool VerifyScript(const CScript& scriptSig, const CScript& scriptPubKey, const CTransaction& txTo, unsigned int nIn,
+bool ExtractDestinations(const CScript& scriptPubKey, TxnOutType& typeRet, std::vector<CTxDestination>& addressRet, int& nRequiredRet);
+[[nodiscard]] bool SignSignature(const CKeyStore& keystore, const CScript& fromPubKey, CTransaction& txTo, unsigned int nIn, int nHashType=SIGHASH_ALL);
+[[nodiscard]] bool SignSignature(const CKeyStore& keystore, const CTransaction& txFrom, CTransaction& txTo, unsigned int nIn, int nHashType=SIGHASH_ALL);
+[[nodiscard]] bool VerifyScript(const CScript& scriptSig, const CScript& scriptPubKey, const CTransaction& txTo, unsigned int nIn,
                   int nHashType);
-bool VerifySignature(const CTransaction& txFrom, const CTransaction& txTo, unsigned int nIn, int nHashType);
+[[nodiscard]] bool VerifySignature(const CTransaction& txFrom, const CTransaction& txTo, unsigned int nIn, int nHashType);
 
 // Given two sets of signatures for scriptPubKey, possibly with OP_0 placeholders,
 // combine them intelligently and return the result.

src/serialize.h

@@ -11,12 +11,13 @@
 #include <map>
 #include <set>
 #include <cassert>
+#include <ios>
 #include <limits>
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <cstring>
 #include <cstdio>
 
-#include <boost/type_traits/is_fundamental.hpp>
+#include <type_traits>
 #include <tuple>
 
 #include "allocators.h"
@@ -58,12 +59,11 @@ enum
     unsigned int GetSerializeSize(int nType, int nVersion) const  \
     {                                           \
         CSerActionGetSerializeSize ser_action;  \
-        const bool fGetSize = true;             \
-        const bool fWrite = false;              \
-        const bool fRead = false;               \
+        [[maybe_unused]] const bool fGetSize = true; \
+        [[maybe_unused]] const bool fWrite = false;  \
+        [[maybe_unused]] const bool fRead = false;   \
         unsigned int nSerSize = 0;              \
         ser_streamplaceholder s;                \
-        assert(fGetSize||fWrite||fRead); /* suppress warning */ \
         s.nType = nType;                        \
         s.nVersion = nVersion;                  \
         {statements}                            \
@@ -73,22 +73,20 @@ enum
     void Serialize(Stream& s, int nType, int nVersion) const  \
     {                                           \
         CSerActionSerialize ser_action;         \
-        const bool fGetSize = false;            \
-        const bool fWrite = true;               \
-        const bool fRead = false;               \
-        unsigned int nSerSize = 0;              \
-        assert(fGetSize||fWrite||fRead); /* suppress warning */ \
+        [[maybe_unused]] const bool fGetSize = false; \
+        [[maybe_unused]] const bool fWrite = true;   \
+        [[maybe_unused]] const bool fRead = false;   \
+        [[maybe_unused]] unsigned int nSerSize = 0;  \
         {statements}                            \
     }                                           \
     template<typename Stream>                   \
     void Unserialize(Stream& s, int nType, int nVersion)  \
     {                                           \
         CSerActionUnserialize ser_action;       \
-        const bool fGetSize = false;            \
-        const bool fWrite = false;              \
-        const bool fRead = true;                \
-        unsigned int nSerSize = 0;              \
-        assert(fGetSize||fWrite||fRead); /* suppress warning */ \
+        [[maybe_unused]] const bool fGetSize = false; \
+        [[maybe_unused]] const bool fWrite = false;  \
+        [[maybe_unused]] const bool fRead = true;    \
+        [[maybe_unused]] unsigned int nSerSize = 0;  \
         {statements}                            \
     }
 
@@ -287,14 +285,14 @@ template<typename Stream, typename C> void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::basi
 template<typename Stream, typename C> void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::basic_string<C>& str, int, int=0);
 
 // vector
-template<typename T, typename A> unsigned int GetSerializeSize_impl(const std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const boost::true_type&);
-template<typename T, typename A> unsigned int GetSerializeSize_impl(const std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const boost::false_type&);
+template<typename T, typename A> unsigned int GetSerializeSize_impl(const std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const std::true_type&);
+template<typename T, typename A> unsigned int GetSerializeSize_impl(const std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const std::false_type&);
 template<typename T, typename A> inline unsigned int GetSerializeSize(const std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion);
-template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A> void Serialize_impl(Stream& os, const std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const boost::true_type&);
-template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A> void Serialize_impl(Stream& os, const std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const boost::false_type&);
+template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A> void Serialize_impl(Stream& os, const std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const std::true_type&);
+template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A> void Serialize_impl(Stream& os, const std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const std::false_type&);
 template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A> inline void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion);
-template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A> void Unserialize_impl(Stream& is, std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const boost::true_type&);
-template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A> void Unserialize_impl(Stream& is, std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const boost::false_type&);
+template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A> void Unserialize_impl(Stream& is, std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const std::true_type&);
+template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A> void Unserialize_impl(Stream& is, std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const std::false_type&);
 template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A> inline void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion);
 
 // others derived from vector
@@ -391,13 +389,13 @@ void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::basic_string<C>& str, int, int)
 // vector
 //
 template<typename T, typename A>
-unsigned int GetSerializeSize_impl(const std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const boost::true_type&)
+unsigned int GetSerializeSize_impl(const std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const std::true_type&)
 {
     return (GetSizeOfCompactSize(v.size()) + v.size() * sizeof(T));
 }
 
 template<typename T, typename A>
-unsigned int GetSerializeSize_impl(const std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const boost::false_type&)
+unsigned int GetSerializeSize_impl(const std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const std::false_type&)
 {
     unsigned int nSize = GetSizeOfCompactSize(v.size());
     for (typename std::vector<T, A>::const_iterator vi = v.begin(); vi != v.end(); ++vi)
@@ -408,12 +406,12 @@ unsigned int GetSerializeSize_impl(const std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nV
 template<typename T, typename A>
 inline unsigned int GetSerializeSize(const std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion)
 {
-    return GetSerializeSize_impl(v, nType, nVersion, boost::is_fundamental<T>());
+    return GetSerializeSize_impl(v, nType, nVersion, std::is_fundamental<T>{});
 }
 
 
 template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A>
-void Serialize_impl(Stream& os, const std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const boost::true_type&)
+void Serialize_impl(Stream& os, const std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const std::true_type&)
 {
     WriteCompactSize(os, v.size());
     if (!v.empty())
@@ -421,7 +419,7 @@ void Serialize_impl(Stream& os, const std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVers
 }
 
 template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A>
-void Serialize_impl(Stream& os, const std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const boost::false_type&)
+void Serialize_impl(Stream& os, const std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const std::false_type&)
 {
     WriteCompactSize(os, v.size());
     for (typename std::vector<T, A>::const_iterator vi = v.begin(); vi != v.end(); ++vi)
@@ -431,12 +429,12 @@ void Serialize_impl(Stream& os, const std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVers
 template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A>
 inline void Serialize(Stream& os, const std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion)
 {
-    Serialize_impl(os, v, nType, nVersion, boost::is_fundamental<T>());
+    Serialize_impl(os, v, nType, nVersion, std::is_fundamental<T>{});
 }
 
 
 template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A>
-void Unserialize_impl(Stream& is, std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const boost::true_type&)
+void Unserialize_impl(Stream& is, std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const std::true_type&)
 {
     // Limit size per read so bogus size value won't cause out of memory
     v.clear();
@@ -452,7 +450,7 @@ void Unserialize_impl(Stream& is, std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion,
 }
 
 template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A>
-void Unserialize_impl(Stream& is, std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const boost::false_type&)
+void Unserialize_impl(Stream& is, std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion, const std::false_type&)
 {
     v.clear();
     unsigned int nSize = ReadCompactSize(is);
@@ -472,7 +470,7 @@ void Unserialize_impl(Stream& is, std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion,
 template<typename Stream, typename T, typename A>
 inline void Unserialize(Stream& is, std::vector<T, A>& v, int nType, int nVersion)
 {
-    Unserialize_impl(is, v, nType, nVersion, boost::is_fundamental<T>());
+    Unserialize_impl(is, v, nType, nVersion, std::is_fundamental<T>{});
 }
 
 
@@ -704,7 +702,7 @@ struct ser_streamplaceholder
 
 
 
-typedef std::vector<char, zero_after_free_allocator<char> > CSerializeData;
+using CSerializeData = std::vector<char, zero_after_free_allocator<char>>;
 
 /** Double ended buffer combining vector and stream-like interfaces.
  *
@@ -1059,18 +1057,18 @@ public:
 
     void fclose()
     {
-        if (file != NULL && file != stdin && file != stdout && file != stderr)
+        if (file != nullptr && file != stdin && file != stdout && file != stderr)
             ::fclose(file);
-        file = NULL;
+        file = nullptr;
     }
 
-    FILE* release()             { FILE* ret = file; file = NULL; return ret; }
+    FILE* release()             { FILE* ret = file; file = nullptr; return ret; }
     operator FILE*()            { return file; }
     FILE* operator->()          { return file; }
     FILE& operator*()           { return *file; }
     FILE** operator&()          { return &file; }
     FILE* operator=(FILE* pnew) { return file = pnew; }
-    bool operator!()            { return (file == NULL); }
+    bool operator!()            { return (file == nullptr); }
 
 
     //

src/smessage.cpp

@@ -41,18 +41,15 @@ Notes:
 #include <errno.h>
 
 #include <openssl/crypto.h>
-#include <openssl/ec.h>
-#include <openssl/ecdh.h>
 #include <openssl/sha.h>
 #include <openssl/aes.h>
 #include <openssl/evp.h>
 #include <openssl/hmac.h>
 
 #include <string>
-#include <boost/algorithm/string/predicate.hpp>
-
 
 #include "base58.h"
+#include "crypto_ecdh.h"
 #include "db.h"
 #include "init.h" // pwalletMain
 #include "txdb.h"
@@ -60,6 +57,12 @@ Notes:
 
 #include "lz4/lz4.h"
 
+// LevelDB headers retained solely for the one-shot smsgDB leveldb→rocksdb
+// migration in MigrateSmsgDBLevelDbToRocksDb. Once all users have upgraded
+// past v5.10 the migration helper (and these includes) can be dropped.
+#include <leveldb/db.h>
+#include <leveldb/iterator.h>
+
 #include "xxhash/xxhash.h"
 #include "xxhash/xxhash.c"
 
@@ -77,9 +80,9 @@ Notes:
 
 // TODO: For buckets older than current, only need to store no. messages and hash in memory
 
-boost::signals2::signal<void (SecMsgStored& inboxHdr)>  NotifySecMsgInboxChanged;
-boost::signals2::signal<void (SecMsgStored& outboxHdr)> NotifySecMsgOutboxChanged;
-boost::signals2::signal<void ()> NotifySecMsgWalletUnlocked;
+CSignal<void(SecMsgStored&)> NotifySecMsgInboxChanged;
+CSignal<void(SecMsgStored&)> NotifySecMsgOutboxChanged;
+CSignal<void()>              NotifySecMsgWalletUnlocked;
 
 bool fSecMsgEnabled = false;
 
@@ -94,13 +97,163 @@ uint32_t nPeerIdCounter = 1;
 CCriticalSection cs_smsg;
 CCriticalSection cs_smsgDB;
 
-leveldb::DB *smsgDB = NULL;
+rocksdb::DB *smsgDB = nullptr;
 
 
-namespace fs = boost::filesystem;
+namespace fs = std::filesystem;
 
 namespace
 {
+
+// rocksdb::DB::Open shipped the raw DB** overload for years, then added a
+// std::unique_ptr<DB>* form in 8.x and removed the raw form in newer
+// releases (Homebrew's macOS rocksdb hits this path; Ubuntu 22.04 and
+// MSYS2 still expose the DB** form). Pick whichever overload the linked
+// rocksdb actually has via SFINAE — `int` parameter is preferred over
+// `long`, so if DB** exists, the first overload wins; otherwise the
+// fallback that wraps unique_ptr is used.
+template<typename T>
+inline auto OpenSmsgDBImpl(const rocksdb::Options& opts, const std::string& path,
+                           T** dbptr, int)
+    -> decltype(rocksdb::DB::Open(opts, path, dbptr))
+{
+    return rocksdb::DB::Open(opts, path, dbptr);
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+inline rocksdb::Status OpenSmsgDBImpl(const rocksdb::Options& opts, const std::string& path,
+                                      T** dbptr, long)
+{
+    std::unique_ptr<T> tmp;
+    auto s = rocksdb::DB::Open(opts, path, &tmp);
+    if (s.ok()) *dbptr = tmp.release();
+    return s;
+}
+
+inline rocksdb::Status OpenSmsgDB(const rocksdb::Options& opts,
+                                  const std::string& path,
+                                  rocksdb::DB** dbptr)
+{
+    return OpenSmsgDBImpl(opts, path, dbptr, 0);
+}
+
+// ── smsgDB leveldb → rocksdb migration ──────────────────────────────────────
+//
+// Pre-v5.10 the smessage store was backed by LevelDB at <datadir>/smsgDB/.
+// Phase 3a switched it to RocksDB. Existing installations need their pubkey
+// cache and inbox/outbox to carry across. The migration is one-shot and
+// runs lazily inside SecMsgDB::Open: detect the legacy format, rename the
+// directory aside as a backup, copy every key into a fresh rocksdb tree,
+// then proceed with the normal open path. The leveldb backup is preserved
+// (never deleted) so the user can roll back by deleting smsgDB/ and
+// renaming smsgDB.leveldb-backup/ back.
+
+// LevelDB and RocksDB share several filenames (CURRENT, MANIFEST-*, LOG).
+// RocksDB additionally writes IDENTITY and OPTIONS-* on first open;
+// presence of CURRENT *without* IDENTITY indicates a legacy LevelDB tree.
+inline bool IsLegacyLevelDbSmsgDir(const fs::path& dir)
+{
+    if (!fs::exists(dir / "CURRENT"))
+        return false;
+    if (fs::exists(dir / "IDENTITY"))
+        return false;
+    return true;
+}
+
+inline bool MigrateSmsgDBLevelDbToRocksDb(std::string& strError)
+{
+    fs::path smsgDir   = GetDataDir() / "smsgDB";
+    fs::path backupDir = GetDataDir() / "smsgDB.leveldb-backup";
+
+    if (fs::exists(backupDir)) {
+        strError = "smsgDB.leveldb-backup/ already present at " + backupDir.string()
+                 + " — manual cleanup required before retrying migration.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    printf("smessage: migrating LevelDB-format smsgDB to RocksDB...\n");
+
+    // Atomic rename so the legacy data is never deleted by this routine —
+    // worst case we leave the backup and bail. Filesystem rename within the
+    // same datadir is atomic on every supported platform.
+    std::error_code ec;
+    fs::rename(smsgDir, backupDir, ec);
+    if (ec) {
+        strError = "Failed to rename smsgDB to backup: " + ec.message();
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Open backup as leveldb (read-only) — create_if_missing left at default
+    // false so a malformed dir errors out cleanly.
+    leveldb::Options leveldbOpts;
+    leveldb::DB* oldDb = nullptr;
+    leveldb::Status ls = leveldb::DB::Open(leveldbOpts, backupDir.string(), &oldDb);
+    if (!ls.ok()) {
+        strError = "Failed to open legacy LevelDB smsgDB at "
+                 + backupDir.string() + ": " + ls.ToString();
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Open destination as fresh rocksdb.
+    rocksdb::Options rdbOpts;
+    rdbOpts.create_if_missing = true;
+    rocksdb::DB* newDb = nullptr;
+    rocksdb::Status rs = OpenSmsgDB(rdbOpts, smsgDir.string(), &newDb);
+    if (!rs.ok()) {
+        delete oldDb;
+        strError = "Failed to create new RocksDB smsgDB: " + rs.ToString();
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Copy every key in batches of 5000.
+    leveldb::Iterator* it = oldDb->NewIterator(leveldb::ReadOptions());
+    rocksdb::WriteBatch batch;
+    int nMigrated = 0;
+    int nBatch = 0;
+    bool fOk = true;
+    for (it->SeekToFirst(); it->Valid(); it->Next()) {
+        batch.Put(it->key().ToString(), it->value().ToString());
+        nBatch++;
+        nMigrated++;
+        if (nBatch >= 5000) {
+            rocksdb::Status ws = newDb->Write(rocksdb::WriteOptions(), &batch);
+            if (!ws.ok()) {
+                strError = "RocksDB batch write failed during migration: " + ws.ToString();
+                fOk = false;
+                break;
+            }
+            batch.Clear();
+            nBatch = 0;
+        }
+    }
+    if (fOk && nBatch > 0) {
+        rocksdb::Status ws = newDb->Write(rocksdb::WriteOptions(), &batch);
+        if (!ws.ok()) {
+            strError = "RocksDB final batch write failed: " + ws.ToString();
+            fOk = false;
+        }
+    }
+    if (fOk && !it->status().ok()) {
+        strError = "LevelDB iterator failed mid-migration: " + it->status().ToString();
+        fOk = false;
+    }
+    delete it;
+    delete oldDb;
+    delete newDb;
+
+    if (!fOk) {
+        // Leave smsgDB/ in a partially-written state but the backup is
+        // intact. The user can recover by removing smsgDB/ and renaming
+        // smsgDB.leveldb-backup/ → smsgDB/.
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    printf("smessage: migrated %d entries from LevelDB to RocksDB. "
+           "Original data preserved at %s\n",
+           nMigrated, backupDir.string().c_str());
+    return true;
+}
+
 const long int SMSG_BUCKET_FILE_SIZE_LIMIT = 0x70000000L;
 const int64_t SMSG_THREAD_SHUTDOWN_WAIT_MS = 5000;
 const int64_t SMSG_THREAD_SHUTDOWN_POLL_MS = 50;
@@ -137,12 +290,12 @@ bool SecureMsgAllDigits(const std::string& value)
 
 bool SecureMsgParseBucketFilename(const std::string& fileName, int64_t& bucket, uint32_t& fileIndex, bool& fWalletLocked)
 {
-    if (!boost::algorithm::ends_with(fileName, ".dat"))
+    if (!fileName.ends_with(".dat"))
         return false;
 
     std::string baseName = fileName.substr(0, fileName.size() - 4);
     fWalletLocked = false;
-    if (boost::algorithm::ends_with(baseName, "_wl"))
+    if (baseName.ends_with("_wl"))
     {
         fWalletLocked = true;
         baseName.erase(baseName.size() - 3);
@@ -211,7 +364,7 @@ void SecureMsgGetBucketFiles(const fs::path& pathSmsgDir, int64_t bucket, bool f
             || fFileWalletLocked != fWalletLocked)
             continue;
 
-        bucketFiles.push_back(std::make_pair(fileIndex, (*itd).path()));
+        bucketFiles.push_back({fileIndex, (*itd).path()});
     };
 
     std::sort(bucketFiles.begin(), bucketFiles.end(),
@@ -316,7 +469,7 @@ bool SecMsgCrypter::Encrypt(unsigned char* chPlaintext, uint32_t nPlain, std::ve
 
     bool fOk = true;
 
-    if (fOk) fOk = EVP_EncryptInit_ex(ctx, EVP_aes_256_cbc(), NULL, &chKey[0], &chIV[0]);
+    if (fOk) fOk = EVP_EncryptInit_ex(ctx, EVP_aes_256_cbc(), nullptr, &chKey[0], &chIV[0]);
     if (fOk) fOk = EVP_EncryptUpdate(ctx, &vchCiphertext[0], &nCLen, chPlaintext, nLen);
     if (fOk) fOk = EVP_EncryptFinal_ex(ctx, (&vchCiphertext[0])+nCLen, &nFLen);
     EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
@@ -345,7 +498,7 @@ bool SecMsgCrypter::Decrypt(unsigned char* chCiphertext, uint32_t nCipher, std::
 
     bool fOk = true;
 
-    if (fOk) fOk = EVP_DecryptInit_ex(ctx, EVP_aes_256_cbc(), NULL, &chKey[0], &chIV[0]);
+    if (fOk) fOk = EVP_DecryptInit_ex(ctx, EVP_aes_256_cbc(), nullptr, &chKey[0], &chIV[0]);
     if (fOk) fOk = EVP_DecryptUpdate(ctx, &vchPlaintext[0], &nPLen, &chCiphertext[0], nCipher);
     if (fOk) fOk = EVP_DecryptFinal_ex(ctx, (&vchPlaintext[0])+nPLen, &nFLen);
     EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
@@ -390,9 +543,9 @@ bool SecMsgDB::Open(const char* pszMode)
     };
     
     bool fCreate = strchr(pszMode, 'c');
-    
+
     fs::path fullpath = GetDataDir() / "smsgDB";
-    
+
     if (!fCreate
         && (!fs::exists(fullpath)
             || !fs::is_directory(fullpath)))
@@ -400,10 +553,21 @@ bool SecMsgDB::Open(const char* pszMode)
         printf("SecMsgDB::open() - DB does not exist.\n");
         return false;
     };
-    
-    leveldb::Options options;
+
+    // One-shot migration: pre-v5.10 nodes have a LevelDB tree under smsgDB/.
+    // Detect that and convert to RocksDB before opening. The legacy data is
+    // renamed to smsgDB.leveldb-backup/ as a recovery option.
+    if (fs::is_directory(fullpath) && IsLegacyLevelDbSmsgDir(fullpath)) {
+        std::string migrateError;
+        if (!MigrateSmsgDBLevelDbToRocksDb(migrateError)) {
+            printf("SecMsgDB::open() - migration failed: %s\n", migrateError.c_str());
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    rocksdb::Options options;
     options.create_if_missing = fCreate;
-    leveldb::Status s = leveldb::DB::Open(options, fullpath.string(), &smsgDB);
+    rocksdb::Status s = OpenSmsgDB(options, fullpath.string(), &smsgDB);
     
     if (!s.ok())
     {
@@ -417,66 +581,37 @@ bool SecMsgDB::Open(const char* pszMode)
 };
 
 
-class SecMsgBatchScanner : public leveldb::WriteBatch::Handler
-{
-public:
-    std::string needle;
-    bool* deleted;
-    std::string* foundValue;
-    bool foundEntry;
-    
-    SecMsgBatchScanner() : foundEntry(false) {}
-    
-    virtual void Put(const leveldb::Slice& key, const leveldb::Slice& value)
-    {
-        if (key.ToString() == needle)
-        {
-            foundEntry = true;
-            *deleted = false;
-            *foundValue = value.ToString();
-        };
-    };
-    
-    virtual void Delete(const leveldb::Slice& key)
-    {
-        if (key.ToString() == needle)
-        {
-            foundEntry = true;
-            *deleted = true;
-        };
-    };
-};
-
 // When performing a read, if we have an active batch we need to check it first
 // before reading from the database, as the rest of the code assumes that once
-// a database transaction begins reads are consistent with it. It would be good
-// to change that assumption in future and avoid the performance hit, though in
-// practice it does not appear to be large.
+// a database transaction begins reads are consistent with it.
+//
+// Previously implemented via rocksdb::WriteBatch::Handler subclass, which fails
+// to link against Ubuntu's librocksdb-dev (typeinfo for the Handler base class
+// isn't exported there). The pendingBatch map is updated alongside every Put
+// or Delete on activeBatch and answers ScanBatch queries directly.
 bool SecMsgDB::ScanBatch(const CDataStream& key, std::string* value, bool* deleted) const
 {
     if (!activeBatch)
         return false;
-    
+
     *deleted = false;
-    SecMsgBatchScanner scanner;
-    scanner.needle = key.str();
-    scanner.deleted = deleted;
-    scanner.foundValue = value;
-    leveldb::Status s = activeBatch->Iterate(&scanner);
-    if (!s.ok())
-    {
-        printf("SecMsgDB ScanBatch error: %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
+    auto it = pendingBatch.find(key.str());
+    if (it == pendingBatch.end())
         return false;
-    };
-    
-    return scanner.foundEntry;
+    if (!it->second.has_value()) {
+        *deleted = true;
+        return true;
+    }
+    *value = *it->second;
+    return true;
 }
 
 bool SecMsgDB::TxnBegin()
 {
     if (activeBatch)
         return true;
-    activeBatch = new leveldb::WriteBatch();
+    activeBatch = new rocksdb::WriteBatch();
+    pendingBatch.clear();
     return true;
 };
 
@@ -484,12 +619,13 @@ bool SecMsgDB::TxnCommit()
 {
     if (!activeBatch)
         return false;
-    
-    leveldb::WriteOptions writeOptions;
+
+    rocksdb::WriteOptions writeOptions;
     writeOptions.sync = true;
-    leveldb::Status status = pdb->Write(writeOptions, activeBatch);
+    rocksdb::Status status = pdb->Write(writeOptions, activeBatch);
     delete activeBatch;
-    activeBatch = NULL;
+    activeBatch = nullptr;
+    pendingBatch.clear();
     
     if (!status.ok())
     {
@@ -503,7 +639,8 @@ bool SecMsgDB::TxnCommit()
 bool SecMsgDB::TxnAbort()
 {
     delete activeBatch;
-    activeBatch = NULL;
+    activeBatch = nullptr;
+    pendingBatch.clear();
     return true;
 };
 
@@ -531,12 +668,12 @@ bool SecMsgDB::ReadPK(CKeyID& addr, CPubKey& pubkey)
     
     if (readFromDb)
     {
-        leveldb::Status s = pdb->Get(leveldb::ReadOptions(), ssKey.str(), &strValue);
+        rocksdb::Status s = pdb->Get(rocksdb::ReadOptions(), ssKey.str(), &strValue);
         if (!s.ok())
         {
             if (s.IsNotFound())
                 return false;
-            printf("LevelDB read failure: %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
+            printf("RocksDB read failure: %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
             return false;
         };
     };
@@ -569,18 +706,19 @@ bool SecMsgDB::WritePK(CKeyID& addr, CPubKey& pubkey)
     if (activeBatch)
     {
         activeBatch->Put(ssKey.str(), ssValue.str());
+        pendingBatch[ssKey.str()] = ssValue.str();
         return true;
     };
-    
-    leveldb::WriteOptions writeOptions;
+
+    rocksdb::WriteOptions writeOptions;
     writeOptions.sync = true;
-    leveldb::Status s = pdb->Put(writeOptions, ssKey.str(), ssValue.str());
+    rocksdb::Status s = pdb->Put(writeOptions, ssKey.str(), ssValue.str());
     if (!s.ok())
     {
         printf("SecMsgDB write failure: %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
         return false;
     };
-    
+
     return true;
 };
 
@@ -605,12 +743,12 @@ bool SecMsgDB::ExistsPK(CKeyID& addr)
         };
     };
     
-    leveldb::Status s = pdb->Get(leveldb::ReadOptions(), ssKey.str(), &unused);
+    rocksdb::Status s = pdb->Get(rocksdb::ReadOptions(), ssKey.str(), &unused);
     return s.IsNotFound() == false;
 };
 
 
-bool SecMsgDB::NextSmesg(leveldb::Iterator* it, std::string& prefix, unsigned char* chKey, SecMsgStored& smsgStored)
+bool SecMsgDB::NextSmesg(rocksdb::Iterator* it, std::string& prefix, unsigned char* chKey, SecMsgStored& smsgStored)
 {
     if (!pdb)
         return false;
@@ -638,7 +776,7 @@ bool SecMsgDB::NextSmesg(leveldb::Iterator* it, std::string& prefix, unsigned ch
     return true;
 };
 
-bool SecMsgDB::NextSmesgKey(leveldb::Iterator* it, std::string& prefix, unsigned char* chKey)
+bool SecMsgDB::NextSmesgKey(rocksdb::Iterator* it, std::string& prefix, unsigned char* chKey)
 {
     if (!pdb)
         return false;
@@ -679,12 +817,12 @@ bool SecMsgDB::ReadSmesg(unsigned char* chKey, SecMsgStored& smsgStored)
     
     if (readFromDb)
     {
-        leveldb::Status s = pdb->Get(leveldb::ReadOptions(), ssKey.str(), &strValue);
+        rocksdb::Status s = pdb->Get(rocksdb::ReadOptions(), ssKey.str(), &strValue);
         if (!s.ok())
         {
             if (s.IsNotFound())
                 return false;
-            printf("LevelDB read failure: %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
+            printf("RocksDB read failure: %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
             return false;
         };
     };
@@ -713,18 +851,19 @@ bool SecMsgDB::WriteSmesg(unsigned char* chKey, SecMsgStored& smsgStored)
     if (activeBatch)
     {
         activeBatch->Put(ssKey.str(), ssValue.str());
+        pendingBatch[ssKey.str()] = ssValue.str();
         return true;
     };
-    
-    leveldb::WriteOptions writeOptions;
+
+    rocksdb::WriteOptions writeOptions;
     writeOptions.sync = true;
-    leveldb::Status s = pdb->Put(writeOptions, ssKey.str(), ssValue.str());
+    rocksdb::Status s = pdb->Put(writeOptions, ssKey.str(), ssValue.str());
     if (!s.ok())
     {
         printf("SecMsgDB write failed: %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
         return false;
     };
-    
+
     return true;
 };
 
@@ -746,7 +885,7 @@ bool SecMsgDB::ExistsSmesg(unsigned char* chKey)
         };
     };
     
-    leveldb::Status s = pdb->Get(leveldb::ReadOptions(), ssKey.str(), &unused);
+    rocksdb::Status s = pdb->Get(rocksdb::ReadOptions(), ssKey.str(), &unused);
     return s.IsNotFound() == false;
     return true;
 };
@@ -759,12 +898,13 @@ bool SecMsgDB::EraseSmesg(unsigned char* chKey)
     if (activeBatch)
     {
         activeBatch->Delete(ssKey.str());
+        pendingBatch[ssKey.str()] = std::nullopt;
         return true;
     };
-    
-    leveldb::WriteOptions writeOptions;
+
+    rocksdb::WriteOptions writeOptions;
     writeOptions.sync = true;
-    leveldb::Status s = pdb->Delete(writeOptions, ssKey.str());
+    rocksdb::Status s = pdb->Delete(writeOptions, ssKey.str());
     
     if (s.ok() || s.IsNotFound())
         return true;
@@ -881,7 +1021,7 @@ void ThreadSecureMsgPow(void* parg)
         // -- sleep at end, then fSecMsgEnabled is tested on wake
         
         SecMsgDB dbOutbox;
-        leveldb::Iterator* it;
+        rocksdb::Iterator* it;
         {
             LOCK(cs_smsgDB);
             
@@ -889,7 +1029,7 @@ void ThreadSecureMsgPow(void* parg)
                 continue;
             
             // -- fifo (smallest key first)
-            it = dbOutbox.pdb->NewIterator(leveldb::ReadOptions());
+            it = dbOutbox.pdb->NewIterator(rocksdb::ReadOptions());
         }
         // -- break up lock, SecureMsgSetHash will take long
         
@@ -1202,7 +1342,7 @@ int SecureMsgReadIni()
             continue;
         
         if (!(pName = strtok(cLine, "="))
-            || !(pValue = strtok(NULL, "=")))
+            || !(pValue = strtok(nullptr, "=")))
             continue;
         
         if (strcmp(pName, "newAddressRecv") == 0)
@@ -1336,8 +1476,8 @@ bool SecureMsgStart(bool fDontStart, bool fScanChain)
     };
     
     // -- start threads
-    if (!NewThread(ThreadSecureMsg, NULL)
-        || !NewThread(ThreadSecureMsgPow, NULL))
+    if (!NewThread(ThreadSecureMsg, nullptr)
+        || !NewThread(ThreadSecureMsgPow, nullptr))
     {
         printf("SecureMsg could not start threads, secure messaging disabled.\n");
         fSecMsgEnabled = false;
@@ -1367,7 +1507,7 @@ bool SecureMsgShutdown()
     {
         LOCK(cs_smsgDB);
         delete smsgDB;
-        smsgDB = NULL;
+        smsgDB = nullptr;
     };
     
     // -- main program will wait 5 seconds for threads to terminate.
@@ -1411,8 +1551,8 @@ bool SecureMsgEnable()
     }; // LOCK(cs_smsg);
     
     // -- start threads
-    if (!NewThread(ThreadSecureMsg, NULL)
-        || !NewThread(ThreadSecureMsgPow, NULL))
+    if (!NewThread(ThreadSecureMsg, nullptr)
+        || !NewThread(ThreadSecureMsgPow, nullptr))
     {
         printf("SecureMsgEnable could not start threads, secure messaging disabled.\n");
         fSecMsgEnabled = false;
@@ -1482,7 +1622,7 @@ bool SecureMsgDisable()
     {
         LOCK(cs_smsgDB);
         delete smsgDB;
-        smsgDB = NULL;
+        smsgDB = nullptr;
     };
     
     
@@ -2238,7 +2378,7 @@ bool SecureMsgScanBlock(CBlock& block)
     
     {
         LOCK(cs_smsgDB);
-        CTxDB txdb("r");
+        auto txdb_holder = MakeChainDB("r"); CTxDBBase& txdb = *txdb_holder;
         
         SecMsgDB addrpkdb;
         if (!addrpkdb.Open("cw")
@@ -2277,7 +2417,7 @@ bool ScanChainForPublicKeys(CBlockIndex* pindexStart)
     {
         LOCK(cs_smsgDB);
     
-        CTxDB txdb("r");
+        auto txdb_holder = MakeChainDB("r"); CTxDBBase& txdb = *txdb_holder;
         
         SecMsgDB addrpkdb;
         if (!addrpkdb.Open("cw")
@@ -2313,7 +2453,7 @@ bool SecureMsgScanBlockChain()
     if (lockMain)
     {
         CBlockIndex *pindexScan = pindexGenesisBlock;
-        if (pindexScan == NULL)
+        if (pindexScan == nullptr)
         {
             printf("Error: pindexGenesisBlock not set.\n");
             return false;
@@ -2472,7 +2612,7 @@ bool SecureMsgScanBuckets()
             // -- remove wl file when scanned
             try {
                 fs::remove((*itd).path());
-            } catch (const boost::filesystem::filesystem_error& ex)
+            } catch (const std::filesystem::filesystem_error& ex)
             {
                 printf("Error removing wl file %s - %s\n", fileName.c_str(), ex.what());
                 return 1;
@@ -2552,7 +2692,7 @@ int SecureMsgWalletUnlocked()
             printf("Dropping wallet locked file %s, expired.\n", fileName.c_str());
             try {
                 fs::remove((*itd).path());
-            } catch (const boost::filesystem::filesystem_error& ex)
+            } catch (const std::filesystem::filesystem_error& ex)
             {
                 printf("Error removing wl file %s - %s\n", fileName.c_str(), ex.what());
                 return 1;
@@ -2620,7 +2760,7 @@ int SecureMsgWalletUnlocked()
             // -- remove wl file when scanned
             try {
                 fs::remove((*itd).path());
-            } catch (const boost::filesystem::filesystem_error& ex)
+            } catch (const std::filesystem::filesystem_error& ex)
             {
                 printf("Error removing wl file %s - %s\n", fileName.c_str(), ex.what());
                 return 1;
@@ -3119,7 +3259,7 @@ int SecureMsgStoreUnscanned(unsigned char *pHeader, unsigned char *pPayload, uin
     try {
         pathSmsgDir = GetDataDir() / "smsgStore";
         fs::create_directory(pathSmsgDir);
-    } catch (const boost::filesystem::filesystem_error& ex)
+    } catch (const std::filesystem::filesystem_error& ex)
     {
         printf("Error: Failed to create directory %s - %s\n", pathSmsgDir.string().c_str(), ex.what());
         return 1;
@@ -3209,7 +3349,7 @@ int SecureMsgStore(unsigned char *pHeader, unsigned char *pPayload, uint32_t nPa
     try {
         pathSmsgDir = GetDataDir() / "smsgStore";
         fs::create_directory(pathSmsgDir);
-    } catch (const boost::filesystem::filesystem_error& ex)
+    } catch (const std::filesystem::filesystem_error& ex)
     {
         printf("Error: Failed to create directory %s - %s\n", pathSmsgDir.string().c_str(), ex.what());
         return 1;
@@ -3379,7 +3519,7 @@ int SecureMsgValidate(unsigned char *pHeader, unsigned char *pPayload, uint32_t
     HMAC_CTX *ctx = HMAC_CTX_new();
 
     unsigned int nBytes;
-    if (!HMAC_Init_ex(ctx, &civ[0], 32, EVP_sha256(), NULL)
+    if (!HMAC_Init_ex(ctx, &civ[0], 32, EVP_sha256(), nullptr)
         || !HMAC_Update(ctx, (unsigned char*) pHeader+4, SMSG_HDR_LEN-4)
         || !HMAC_Update(ctx, (unsigned char*) pPayload, nPayload)
         || !HMAC_Update(ctx, pPayload, nPayload)
@@ -3456,7 +3596,7 @@ int SecureMsgSetHash(unsigned char *pHeader, unsigned char *pPayload, uint32_t n
             memcpy(civ+i, &nonse, 4);
 
         unsigned int nBytes;
-        if (!HMAC_Init_ex(ctx, &civ[0], 32, EVP_sha256(), NULL)
+        if (!HMAC_Init_ex(ctx, &civ[0], 32, EVP_sha256(), nullptr)
             || !HMAC_Update(ctx, (unsigned char*) pHeader+4, SMSG_HDR_LEN-4)
             || !HMAC_Update(ctx, (unsigned char*) pPayload, nPayload)
             || !HMAC_Update(ctx, pPayload, nPayload)
@@ -3539,7 +3679,7 @@ int SecureMsgEncrypt(SecureMessage& smsg, std::string& addressFrom, std::string&
             3       addressFrom is invalid.
             4       addressTo is invalid.
             5       Could not get public key for addressTo.
-            6       ECDH_compute_key failed
+            6       ECDH key derivation failed
             7       Could not get private key for addressFrom.
             8       Could not allocate memory.
             9       Could not compress message data.
@@ -3634,22 +3774,26 @@ int SecureMsgEncrypt(SecureMessage& smsg, std::string& addressFrom, std::string&
     
     std::vector<unsigned char> vchP;
     vchP.resize(32);
-    EC_KEY* pkeyr = keyR.GetECKey();
-    EC_KEY* pkeyK = keyK.GetECKey();
-    
-    // always seems to be 32, worth checking?
-    //int field_size = EC_GROUP_get_degree(EC_KEY_get0_group(pkeyr));
-    //int secret_len = (field_size+7)/8;
-    //printf("secret_len %d.\n", secret_len);
-    
-    // -- ECDH_compute_key returns the same P if fed compressed or uncompressed public keys
-    int lenP = ECDH_compute_key(&vchP[0], 32, EC_KEY_get0_public_key(pkeyK), pkeyr, NULL);
-    
-    if (lenP != 32)
+
+    bool fCompressedR = false;
+    CSecret secretR = keyR.GetSecret(fCompressedR);
+    if (secretR.size() != 32)
     {
-        printf("ECDH_compute_key failed, lenP: %d.\n", lenP);
+        printf("ECDH: keyR secret has unexpected size %zu.\n", secretR.size());
         return 6;
-    };
+    }
+    std::vector<unsigned char> vchPubK = keyK.GetPubKey().Raw();
+    if (vchPubK.size() != 33 && vchPubK.size() != 65)
+    {
+        printf("ECDH: keyK pubkey has unexpected size %zu.\n", vchPubK.size());
+        return 6;
+    }
+
+    if (!ECDH_xonly_secp256k1(&vchP[0], &secretR[0], &vchPubK[0], vchPubK.size()))
+    {
+        printf("ECDH (encrypt): secp256k1_ecdh failed.\n");
+        return 6;
+    }
     
     CPubKey cpkR = keyR.GetPubKey();
     if (!cpkR.IsValid()
@@ -3777,7 +3921,7 @@ int SecureMsgEncrypt(SecureMessage& smsg, std::string& addressFrom, std::string&
     unsigned int nBytes = 32;
     HMAC_CTX *ctx = HMAC_CTX_new();
 
-    if (!HMAC_Init_ex(ctx, &key_m[0], 32, EVP_sha256(), NULL)
+    if (!HMAC_Init_ex(ctx, &key_m[0], 32, EVP_sha256(), nullptr)
         || !HMAC_Update(ctx, (unsigned char*) &smsg.timestamp, sizeof(smsg.timestamp))
         || !HMAC_Update(ctx, &vchCiphertext[0], vchCiphertext.size())
         || !HMAC_Final(ctx, smsg.mac, &nBytes)
@@ -3837,7 +3981,7 @@ int SecureMsgSend(std::string& addressFrom, std::string& addressTo, std::string&
             case 3:  sError = "Invalid addressFrom.";                       break;
             case 4:  sError = "Invalid addressTo.";                         break;
             case 5:  sError = "Could not get public key for addressTo.";    break;
-            case 6:  sError = "ECDH_compute_key failed.";                   break;
+            case 6:  sError = "ECDH key derivation failed.";                break;
             case 7:  sError = "Could not get private key for addressFrom."; break;
             case 8:  sError = "Could not allocate memory.";                 break;
             case 9:  sError = "Could not compress message data.";           break;
@@ -4050,16 +4194,26 @@ int SecureMsgDecrypt(bool fTestOnly, std::string& address, unsigned char *pHeade
     // -- Do an EC point multiply with private key k and public key R. This gives you public key P.
     std::vector<unsigned char> vchP;
     vchP.resize(32);
-    EC_KEY* pkeyk = keyDest.GetECKey();
-    EC_KEY* pkeyR = keyR.GetECKey();
-    
-    int lenPdec = ECDH_compute_key(&vchP[0], 32, EC_KEY_get0_public_key(pkeyR), pkeyk, NULL);
-    
-    if (lenPdec != 32)
+
+    bool fCompressedDest = false;
+    CSecret secretDest = keyDest.GetSecret(fCompressedDest);
+    if (secretDest.size() != 32)
     {
-        printf("ECDH_compute_key failed, lenPdec: %d.\n", lenPdec);
+        printf("ECDH: keyDest secret has unexpected size %zu.\n", secretDest.size());
         return 1;
-    };
+    }
+    std::vector<unsigned char> vchPubR = keyR.GetPubKey().Raw();
+    if (vchPubR.size() != 33 && vchPubR.size() != 65)
+    {
+        printf("ECDH: keyR pubkey has unexpected size %zu.\n", vchPubR.size());
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    if (!ECDH_xonly_secp256k1(&vchP[0], &secretDest[0], &vchPubR[0], vchPubR.size()))
+    {
+        printf("ECDH (decrypt): secp256k1_ecdh failed.\n");
+        return 1;
+    }
     
     
     // -- Use public key P to calculate the SHA512 hash H. 
@@ -4077,7 +4231,7 @@ int SecureMsgDecrypt(bool fTestOnly, std::string& address, unsigned char *pHeade
     unsigned int nBytes = 32;
     HMAC_CTX *ctx = HMAC_CTX_new();
 
-    if (!HMAC_Init_ex(ctx, &key_m[0], 32, EVP_sha256(), NULL)
+    if (!HMAC_Init_ex(ctx, &key_m[0], 32, EVP_sha256(), nullptr)
         || !HMAC_Update(ctx, (unsigned char*) &psmsg->timestamp, sizeof(psmsg->timestamp))
         || !HMAC_Update(ctx, pPayload, nPayload)
         || !HMAC_Final(ctx, MAC, &nBytes)

src/smessage.h

@@ -4,11 +4,15 @@
 #ifndef SEC_MESSAGE_H
 #define SEC_MESSAGE_H
 
-#include <leveldb/db.h>
-#include <leveldb/write_batch.h>
+#include <map>
+#include <optional>
+
+#include <rocksdb/db.h>
+#include <rocksdb/write_batch.h>
 
 #include "net.h"
 #include "db.h"
+#include "util_signal.h"
 #include "wallet.h"
 #include "lz4/lz4.h"
 
@@ -41,13 +45,13 @@ extern bool fSecMsgEnabled;
 class SecMsgStored;
 
 // Inbox db changed, called with lock cs_smsgDB held.
-extern boost::signals2::signal<void (SecMsgStored& inboxHdr)> NotifySecMsgInboxChanged;
+extern CSignal<void(SecMsgStored&)> NotifySecMsgInboxChanged;
 
 // Outbox db changed, called with lock cs_smsgDB held.
-extern boost::signals2::signal<void (SecMsgStored& outboxHdr)> NotifySecMsgOutboxChanged;
+extern CSignal<void(SecMsgStored&)> NotifySecMsgOutboxChanged;
 
 // Wallet Unlocked, called after all messages received while locked have been processed.
-extern boost::signals2::signal<void ()> NotifySecMsgWalletUnlocked;
+extern CSignal<void()> NotifySecMsgWalletUnlocked;
 
 
 class SecMsgBucket;
@@ -70,14 +74,14 @@ public:
     SecureMessage()
     {
         nPayload = 0;
-        pPayload = NULL;
+        pPayload = nullptr;
     };
     
     ~SecureMessage()
     {
         if (pPayload)
             delete[] pPayload;
-        pPayload = NULL;
+        pPayload = nullptr;
     };
     
     unsigned char   hash[4];
@@ -290,7 +294,7 @@ class SecMsgDB
 public:
     SecMsgDB()
     {
-        activeBatch = NULL;
+        activeBatch = nullptr;
     };
     
     ~SecMsgDB()
@@ -313,16 +317,22 @@ public:
     bool WritePK(CKeyID& addr, CPubKey& pubkey);
     bool ExistsPK(CKeyID& addr);
     
-    bool NextSmesg(leveldb::Iterator* it, std::string& prefix, unsigned char* vchKey, SecMsgStored& smsgStored);
-    bool NextSmesgKey(leveldb::Iterator* it, std::string& prefix, unsigned char* vchKey);
+    bool NextSmesg(rocksdb::Iterator* it, std::string& prefix, unsigned char* vchKey, SecMsgStored& smsgStored);
+    bool NextSmesgKey(rocksdb::Iterator* it, std::string& prefix, unsigned char* vchKey);
     bool ReadSmesg(unsigned char* chKey, SecMsgStored& smsgStored);
     bool WriteSmesg(unsigned char* chKey, SecMsgStored& smsgStored);
     bool ExistsSmesg(unsigned char* chKey);
     bool EraseSmesg(unsigned char* chKey);
     
-    leveldb::DB *pdb;       // points to the global instance
-    leveldb::WriteBatch *activeBatch;
-    
+    rocksdb::DB *pdb;       // points to the global instance
+    rocksdb::WriteBatch *activeBatch;
+
+    // Parallel record of every pending write (value) or delete (nullopt) on
+    // activeBatch. Used by ScanBatch to answer "is this key in the active
+    // batch?" without iterating the WriteBatch via Handler — Ubuntu's
+    // librocksdb-dev hides typeinfo for rocksdb::WriteBatch::Handler so a
+    // subclass-based scan fails to link there.
+    std::map<std::string, std::optional<std::string>> pendingBatch;
 };
 
 std::string getTimeString(int64_t timestamp, char *buffer, size_t nBuffer);

src/snapshotnet.cpp

@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@
 
 #include <openssl/sha.h>
 
-#include <boost/filesystem/fstream.hpp>
-#include <boost/thread.hpp>
+#include <filesystem>
+#include <thread>
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <atomic>
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 #include <mutex>
 #include <vector>
 
-namespace fs = boost::filesystem;
+namespace fs = std::filesystem;
 
 extern std::vector<CNode*> vNodes;
 extern CCriticalSection cs_vNodes;
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ bool TryFetchSnapshot(const fs::path& dataDir, int timeoutSec, std::string& strE
                         g_fetch.success = false;
                         // Drop bad file so we don't trick later loaders.
                         CloseDest();
-                        boost::system::error_code ec;
+                        std::error_code ec;
                         fs::remove(g_fetch.destPath, ec);
                     }
                     g_fetch.finished = true;
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ bool TryFetchSnapshot(const fs::path& dataDir, int timeoutSec, std::string& strE
             }
         }
 
-        boost::this_thread::sleep_for(boost::chrono::milliseconds(500));
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(500));
     }
 
     bool ok;
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ bool TryFetchSnapshot(const fs::path& dataDir, int timeoutSec, std::string& strE
                 strError = strprintf("timeout after %d seconds (totalSize=%" PRId64 ", chunks=%" PRIszu ")",
                                      timeoutSec, g_fetch.totalSize, g_fetch.received.size());
             CloseDest();
-            boost::system::error_code ec;
+            std::error_code ec;
             fs::remove(g_fetch.destPath, ec);
         }
         ok = g_fetch.success;
@@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ static bool ScanLocalSnapshot()
     uint256 expectedHash;
     if (!Checkpoints::GetSnapshotHash(snapHeight, expectedHash)) return false;
 
-    boost::system::error_code ec;
+    std::error_code ec;
     int64_t sz = (int64_t)fs::file_size(g_localPath, ec);
     if (ec) return false;
 

src/snapshotnet.h

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 #include "uint256.h"
 #include "serialize.h"
 
-#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
+#include <filesystem>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ struct AvailableSnapshot
 //
 // Blocks for up to timeoutSec waiting for peers + transfer. Returns true if a
 // verified snapshot was written, false on timeout/no peer/verification fail.
-bool TryFetchSnapshot(const boost::filesystem::path& dataDir,
+bool TryFetchSnapshot(const std::filesystem::path& dataDir,
                       int timeoutSec,
                       std::string& strError);
 

src/sync.cpp

@@ -46,11 +46,11 @@ private:
     int sourceLine;
 };
 
-typedef std::vector< std::pair<void*, CLockLocation> > LockStack;
+using LockStack = std::vector<std::pair<void*, CLockLocation>>;
 
-static boost::mutex dd_mutex;
+static std::mutex dd_mutex;
 static std::map<std::pair<void*, void*>, LockStack> lockorders;
-static boost::thread_specific_ptr<LockStack> lockstack;
+static thread_local std::unique_ptr<LockStack> lockstack;
 
 
 static void potential_deadlock_detected(const std::pair<void*, void*>& mismatch, const LockStack& s1, const LockStack& s2)
@@ -74,24 +74,24 @@ static void potential_deadlock_detected(const std::pair<void*, void*>& mismatch,
 
 static void push_lock(void* c, const CLockLocation& locklocation, bool fTry)
 {
-    if (lockstack.get() == NULL)
+    if (!lockstack)
         lockstack.reset(new LockStack);
 
     if (fDebug) printf("Locking: %s\n", locklocation.ToString().c_str());
     dd_mutex.lock();
 
-    (*lockstack).push_back(std::make_pair(c, locklocation));
+    (*lockstack).push_back({c, locklocation});
 
     if (!fTry) {
         for (const auto& i : (*lockstack)) {
             if (i.first == c) break;
 
-            std::pair<void*, void*> p1 = std::make_pair(i.first, c);
+            std::pair<void*, void*> p1 = {i.first, c};
             if (lockorders.count(p1))
                 continue;
             lockorders[p1] = (*lockstack);
 
-            std::pair<void*, void*> p2 = std::make_pair(c, i.first);
+            std::pair<void*, void*> p2 = {c, i.first};
             if (lockorders.count(p2))
             {
                 potential_deadlock_detected(p1, lockorders[p2], lockorders[p1]);

src/sync.h

@@ -5,19 +5,14 @@
 #ifndef TRIANGLES_SYNC_H
 #define TRIANGLES_SYNC_H
 
-#include <boost/thread/mutex.hpp>
-#include <boost/thread/recursive_mutex.hpp>
-#include <boost/thread/locks.hpp>
-#include <boost/thread/condition_variable.hpp>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <condition_variable>
 
+/** Recursive mutex: supports recursive locking, but no waiting */
+using CCriticalSection = std::recursive_mutex;
 
-
-
-/** Wrapped boost mutex: supports recursive locking, but no waiting  */
-typedef boost::recursive_mutex CCriticalSection;
-
-/** Wrapped boost mutex: supports waiting but not recursive locking */
-typedef boost::mutex CWaitableCriticalSection;
+/** Plain mutex: supports waiting but not recursive locking */
+using CWaitableCriticalSection = std::mutex;
 
 #ifdef DEBUG_LOCKORDER
 void EnterCritical(const char* pszName, const char* pszFile, int nLine, void* cs, bool fTry = false);
@@ -31,12 +26,12 @@ void static inline LeaveCritical() {}
 void PrintLockContention(const char* pszName, const char* pszFile, int nLine);
 #endif
 
-/** Wrapper around boost::unique_lock<Mutex> */
+/** Wrapper around std::unique_lock<Mutex> */
 template<typename Mutex>
 class CMutexLock
 {
 private:
-    boost::unique_lock<Mutex> lock;
+    std::unique_lock<Mutex> lock;
 public:
 
     void Enter(const char* pszName, const char* pszFile, int nLine)
@@ -77,7 +72,7 @@ public:
         return lock.owns_lock();
     }
 
-    CMutexLock(Mutex& mutexIn, const char* pszName, const char* pszFile, int nLine, bool fTry = false) : lock(mutexIn, boost::defer_lock)
+    CMutexLock(Mutex& mutexIn, const char* pszName, const char* pszFile, int nLine, bool fTry = false) : lock(mutexIn, std::defer_lock)
     {
         if (fTry)
             TryEnter(pszName, pszFile, nLine);
@@ -96,7 +91,7 @@ public:
         return lock.owns_lock();
     }
 
-    boost::unique_lock<Mutex> &GetLock()
+    std::unique_lock<Mutex> &GetLock()
     {
         return lock;
     }
@@ -123,15 +118,15 @@ typedef CMutexLock<CCriticalSection> CCriticalBlock;
 class CSemaphore
 {
 private:
-    boost::condition_variable condition;
-    boost::mutex mutex;
+    std::condition_variable condition;
+    std::mutex mutex;
     int value;
 
 public:
     CSemaphore(int init) : value(init) {}
 
     void wait() {
-        boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex> lock(mutex);
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
         while (value < 1) {
             condition.wait(lock);
         }
@@ -139,7 +134,7 @@ public:
     }
 
     bool try_wait() {
-        boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex> lock(mutex);
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
         if (value < 1)
             return false;
         value--;
@@ -148,7 +143,7 @@ public:
 
     void post() {
         {
-            boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex> lock(mutex);
+            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
             value++;
         }
         condition.notify_one();
@@ -187,11 +182,11 @@ public:
         grant.Release();
         grant.sem = sem;
         grant.fHaveGrant = fHaveGrant;
-        sem = NULL;
+        sem = nullptr;
         fHaveGrant = false;
     }
 
-    CSemaphoreGrant() : sem(NULL), fHaveGrant(false) {}
+    CSemaphoreGrant() : sem(nullptr), fHaveGrant(false) {}
 
     CSemaphoreGrant(CSemaphore &sema, bool fTry = false) : sem(&sema), fHaveGrant(false) {
         if (fTry)

src/syncmanager.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,664 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 The Triangles developers
+// Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
+// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
+
+#include "syncmanager.h"
+
+#include "bignum.h"
+#include "checkpoints.h"
+#include "main.h"
+#include "net.h"
+#include "util.h"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <map>
+
+struct CSyncManager::HeaderNode
+{
+    CBlock header;
+    int nHeight;
+    uint256 nChainTrust;
+    bool fRequested;
+    int64_t nLastRequestTime;
+    int64_t nFirstRequestTime;
+    int64_t nInsertTime;
+};
+
+namespace
+{
+static const unsigned int MAX_HEADER_SYNC_CACHE = 15000;
+static const size_t HEADER_REDUNDANT_PEER_THRESHOLD = 4;
+static const int64_t HEADER_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MICROS = 60 * 1000000;
+static const int64_t HEADER_REDUNDANT_REQUEST_MICROS = 5 * 1000000;
+static const int64_t HEADER_SYNC_TTL_MICROS = 15 * 60 * 1000000;
+
+std::map<uint256, CSyncManager::HeaderNode> mapHeaders;
+uint256 hashBestHeader = 0;
+int64_t nLastNewHeaderTime = 0;
+}
+
+CSyncManager g_syncManager;
+
+bool CSyncManager::HaveHeader(const uint256& hash) const
+{
+    return mapHeaders.count(hash) != 0;
+}
+
+uint256 CSyncManager::GetBestHeader() const
+{
+    return hashBestHeader;
+}
+
+std::size_t CSyncManager::GetHeaderCount() const
+{
+    return mapHeaders.size();
+}
+
+uint256 CSyncManager::GetHeaderTrust(unsigned int nBits) const
+{
+    CBigNum bnTarget;
+    bnTarget.SetCompact(nBits);
+
+    if (bnTarget <= 0)
+        return 0;
+
+    return ((CBigNum(1) << 256) / (bnTarget + 1)).getuint256();
+}
+
+bool CSyncManager::GetKnownHeaderState(const uint256& hash, int& nHeight, uint256& nChainTrust) const
+{
+    std::map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::const_iterator miBlock = mapBlockIndex.find(hash);
+    if (miBlock != mapBlockIndex.end())
+    {
+        nHeight = miBlock->second->nHeight;
+        nChainTrust = miBlock->second->nChainTrust;
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    std::map<uint256, HeaderNode>::const_iterator miHeader = mapHeaders.find(hash);
+    if (miHeader != mapHeaders.end())
+    {
+        nHeight = miHeader->second.nHeight;
+        nChainTrust = miHeader->second.nChainTrust;
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+bool CSyncManager::GetPrevHash(const uint256& hash, uint256& hashPrev) const
+{
+    std::map<uint256, HeaderNode>::const_iterator miHeader = mapHeaders.find(hash);
+    if (miHeader != mapHeaders.end())
+    {
+        hashPrev = miHeader->second.header.hashPrevBlock;
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    std::map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::const_iterator miBlock = mapBlockIndex.find(hash);
+    if (miBlock != mapBlockIndex.end() && miBlock->second->pprev)
+    {
+        hashPrev = miBlock->second->pprev->GetBlockHash();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+void CSyncManager::RecomputeBestHeader()
+{
+    hashBestHeader = 0;
+    uint256 nBestTrust = 0;
+
+    for (std::map<uint256, HeaderNode>::const_iterator it = mapHeaders.begin(); it != mapHeaders.end(); ++it)
+    {
+        if (hashBestHeader == 0 || it->second.nChainTrust > nBestTrust)
+        {
+            hashBestHeader = it->first;
+            nBestTrust = it->second.nChainTrust;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void CSyncManager::PruneHeaders()
+{
+    const int64_t nNow = GetTime() * 1000000;
+
+    if (mapHeaders.size() > MAX_HEADER_SYNC_CACHE / 2)
+    {
+        unsigned int nEvicted = 0;
+        for (std::map<uint256, HeaderNode>::iterator it = mapHeaders.begin(); it != mapHeaders.end(); )
+        {
+            if (nNow - it->second.nInsertTime >= HEADER_SYNC_TTL_MICROS)
+            {
+                it = mapHeaders.erase(it);
+                ++nEvicted;
+            }
+            else
+                ++it;
+        }
+        if (nEvicted > 0)
+        {
+            printf("IBD-DIAG: TTL-evicted %u stale sync headers, %u remain\n",
+                nEvicted, (unsigned int)mapHeaders.size());
+            RecomputeBestHeader();
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (mapHeaders.size() > MAX_HEADER_SYNC_CACHE)
+    {
+        printf("IBD-DIAG: sync header cache exceeded %u entries, evicting oldest\n", MAX_HEADER_SYNC_CACHE);
+        while (mapHeaders.size() > MAX_HEADER_SYNC_CACHE * 3 / 4)
+        {
+            std::map<uint256, HeaderNode>::iterator oldest = mapHeaders.begin();
+            for (std::map<uint256, HeaderNode>::iterator it = mapHeaders.begin(); it != mapHeaders.end(); ++it)
+            {
+                if (it->second.nInsertTime < oldest->second.nInsertTime)
+                    oldest = it;
+            }
+            mapHeaders.erase(oldest);
+        }
+        RecomputeBestHeader();
+    }
+}
+
+bool CSyncManager::AddHeaderNode(const CBlock& header, const uint256& hashHeader)
+{
+    if (mapBlockIndex.count(hashHeader) || mapHeaders.count(hashHeader))
+        return true;
+
+    if (!header.vtx.empty())
+    {
+        printf("IBD-DIAG: header rejected (has vtx) hash=%s\n", hashHeader.ToString().substr(0,20).c_str());
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (header.GetBlockTime() > GetTime() + 15 * 60)
+    {
+        printf("IBD-DIAG: header rejected (future time) hash=%s time=%u\n",
+            hashHeader.ToString().substr(0,20).c_str(), header.nTime);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    int nPrevHeight = -1;
+    uint256 nPrevChainTrust = 0;
+    if (!GetKnownHeaderState(header.hashPrevBlock, nPrevHeight, nPrevChainTrust))
+    {
+        printf("IBD-DIAG: header rejected (prev unknown) hash=%s prevHash=%s\n",
+            hashHeader.ToString().substr(0,20).c_str(),
+            header.hashPrevBlock.ToString().substr(0,20).c_str());
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    const int nHeight = nPrevHeight + 1;
+    if (nHeight <= CUTOFF_POW_BLOCK && !CheckProofOfWork(hashHeader, header.nBits))
+    {
+        printf("IBD-DIAG: header PoW FAILED at height %d hash=%s nBits=%08x prevHash=%s\n",
+            nHeight, hashHeader.ToString().substr(0,20).c_str(), header.nBits,
+            header.hashPrevBlock.ToString().substr(0,20).c_str());
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    HeaderNode node;
+    node.header = header;
+    node.nHeight = nHeight;
+    node.nChainTrust = nPrevChainTrust + GetHeaderTrust(header.nBits);
+    node.fRequested = false;
+    node.nLastRequestTime = 0;
+    node.nFirstRequestTime = 0;
+    node.nInsertTime = GetTime() * 1000000;
+
+    mapHeaders.insert({hashHeader, node});
+
+    if (hashBestHeader == 0 || node.nChainTrust > mapHeaders[hashBestHeader].nChainTrust)
+        hashBestHeader = hashHeader;
+
+    PruneHeaders();
+    return true;
+}
+
+std::vector<uint256> CSyncManager::GetDownloadPath(uint256 hashTip) const
+{
+    std::vector<uint256> vPath;
+
+    while (hashTip != 0 && !mapBlockIndex.count(hashTip))
+    {
+        std::map<uint256, HeaderNode>::const_iterator mi = mapHeaders.find(hashTip);
+        if (mi == mapHeaders.end())
+            break;
+
+        vPath.push_back(hashTip);
+        hashTip = mi->second.header.hashPrevBlock;
+    }
+
+    std::reverse(vPath.begin(), vPath.end());
+    return vPath;
+}
+
+unsigned int CSyncManager::CountInFlight() const
+{
+    const int64_t nNow = GetTime() * 1000000;
+    unsigned int nInFlight = 0;
+    for (std::map<uint256, HeaderNode>::const_iterator it = mapHeaders.begin(); it != mapHeaders.end(); ++it)
+    {
+        if (it->second.fRequested && nNow - it->second.nLastRequestTime < HEADER_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MICROS)
+            ++nInFlight;
+    }
+    return nInFlight;
+}
+
+unsigned int CSyncManager::GetPlannerDepth() const
+{
+    if (hashBestHeader == 0)
+        return 0;
+
+    return (unsigned int)GetDownloadPath(hashBestHeader).size();
+}
+
+int CSyncManager::GetPlannerHeight() const
+{
+    if (hashBestHeader == 0)
+        return pindexBest ? pindexBest->nHeight : -1;
+
+    std::map<uint256, HeaderNode>::const_iterator mi = mapHeaders.find(hashBestHeader);
+    if (mi == mapHeaders.end())
+        return pindexBest ? pindexBest->nHeight : -1;
+
+    return mi->second.nHeight;
+}
+
+int64_t CSyncManager::GetRequestTime(const uint256& hashBlock) const
+{
+    std::map<uint256, HeaderNode>::const_iterator mi = mapHeaders.find(hashBlock);
+    if (mi == mapHeaders.end())
+        return 0;
+    return mi->second.nFirstRequestTime;
+}
+
+void CSyncManager::BlockAccepted(const uint256& hashBlock)
+{
+    std::map<uint256, HeaderNode>::iterator mi = mapHeaders.find(hashBlock);
+    if (mi == mapHeaders.end())
+        return;
+
+    mapHeaders.erase(mi);
+    if (hashBestHeader == hashBlock)
+        RecomputeBestHeader();
+}
+
+void CSyncManager::ContinueHeaders(CNode* pfrom, const uint256& hashTip)
+{
+    if (!pfrom || hashTip == 0)
+        return;
+
+    std::vector<uint256> vHave;
+    uint256 hashWalk = hashTip;
+    int nStep = 1;
+
+    while (hashWalk != 0)
+    {
+        vHave.push_back(hashWalk);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < nStep && hashWalk != 0; ++i)
+        {
+            uint256 hashPrev = 0;
+            if (!GetPrevHash(hashWalk, hashPrev))
+                hashWalk = 0;
+            else
+                hashWalk = hashPrev;
+        }
+
+        if (vHave.size() > 10)
+            nStep *= 2;
+    }
+
+    vHave.push_back(!fTestNet ? hashGenesisBlockOfficial : hashGenesisBlockTestNet);
+    pfrom->PushMessage("getheaders", CBlockLocator(vHave), uint256(0));
+}
+
+bool CSyncManager::RequestRefill(CNode* pfrom, uint256 hashTip, int64_t nMinIntervalSeconds, const char* pszReason)
+{
+    if (!pfrom || pfrom->fClient || pfrom->nVersion == 0 || !IsInitialBlockDownload())
+        return false;
+
+    const int64_t nNowSec = GetTime();
+    if (nMinIntervalSeconds > 0 &&
+        nNowSec - pfrom->nLastIbdHeaderRequest < nMinIntervalSeconds)
+        return false;
+
+    uint256 hashLocatorTip = hashTip;
+    if (hashLocatorTip == 0 ||
+        (!mapBlockIndex.count(hashLocatorTip) && !mapHeaders.count(hashLocatorTip)))
+    {
+        hashLocatorTip = hashBestHeader;
+    }
+
+    if (hashLocatorTip != 0 && (!pindexBest || hashLocatorTip != pindexBest->GetBlockHash()))
+    {
+        ContinueHeaders(pfrom, hashLocatorTip);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if (!pindexBest)
+            return false;
+
+        pfrom->pindexLastGetHeadersBegin = NULL;
+        pfrom->PushGetHeaders(pindexBest, uint256(0));
+        hashLocatorTip = pindexBest->GetBlockHash();
+    }
+
+    pfrom->nLastIbdHeaderRequest = nNowSec;
+    printf("IBD-DIAG: %s getheaders to peer=%s locator=%s plannerDepth=%u inflight=%u\n",
+        pszReason, pfrom->addr.ToString().c_str(),
+        hashLocatorTip.ToString().substr(0,20).c_str(),
+        GetPlannerDepth(), CountInFlight());
+    return true;
+}
+
+unsigned int CSyncManager::RequestRefillAllPeers(uint256 hashTip, int64_t nMinIntervalSeconds, const char* pszReason)
+{
+    std::vector<CNode*> vEligiblePeers;
+    {
+        LOCK(cs_vNodes);
+        for (CNode* pnode : vNodes)
+        {
+            if (!pnode->fClient && pnode->nVersion != 0 && !pnode->fDisconnect)
+                vEligiblePeers.push_back(pnode);
+        }
+    }
+
+    unsigned int nRequested = 0;
+    for (CNode* pnode : vEligiblePeers)
+    {
+        if (RequestRefill(pnode, hashTip, nMinIntervalSeconds, pszReason))
+            ++nRequested;
+    }
+
+    return nRequested;
+}
+
+unsigned int CSyncManager::QueueBlocksParallel(unsigned int nWindow)
+{
+    if (hashBestHeader == 0)
+        return 0;
+
+    const std::vector<uint256> vPath = GetDownloadPath(hashBestHeader);
+    if (vPath.empty())
+        return 0;
+
+    std::vector<CNode*> vEligiblePeers;
+    {
+        LOCK(cs_vNodes);
+        for (CNode* pnode : vNodes)
+        {
+            if (!pnode->fClient && pnode->nVersion != 0 && !pnode->fDisconnect)
+                vEligiblePeers.push_back(pnode);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (vEligiblePeers.empty())
+        return 0;
+
+    const int64_t nNow = GetTime() * 1000000;
+    unsigned int nInFlight = CountInFlight();
+    unsigned int nQueued = 0;
+    unsigned int nPeerIndex = 0;
+
+    std::sort(vEligiblePeers.begin(), vEligiblePeers.end(),
+        [](const CNode* a, const CNode* b) {
+            return a->nBlocksDelivered > b->nBlocksDelivered;
+        });
+
+    std::vector<CNode*> vWeightedPeers;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < vEligiblePeers.size(); i++)
+    {
+        int nWeight = (i == 0) ? 3 : (i == 1) ? 2 : 1;
+        for (int w = 0; w < nWeight; w++)
+            vWeightedPeers.push_back(vEligiblePeers[i]);
+    }
+
+    int64_t nAdaptiveTimeout = HEADER_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MICROS;
+    {
+        int64_t nTotalLatency = 0;
+        int nPeersWithLatency = 0;
+        for (const CNode* pnode : vEligiblePeers)
+        {
+            if (pnode->nAvgBlockLatencyUs > 0)
+            {
+                nTotalLatency += pnode->nAvgBlockLatencyUs;
+                ++nPeersWithLatency;
+            }
+        }
+        if (nPeersWithLatency > 0)
+        {
+            int64_t nAvgLatency = nTotalLatency / nPeersWithLatency;
+            nAdaptiveTimeout = std::max((int64_t)(10 * 1000000),
+                               std::min((int64_t)(60 * 1000000), nAvgLatency * 5));
+        }
+    }
+
+    for (std::vector<uint256>::const_iterator it = vPath.begin(); it != vPath.end(); ++it)
+    {
+        if (nInFlight + nQueued >= nWindow)
+            break;
+
+        std::map<uint256, HeaderNode>::iterator mi = mapHeaders.find(*it);
+        if (mi == mapHeaders.end())
+            continue;
+
+        bool fNeedsRequest = false;
+        if (!mi->second.fRequested)
+            fNeedsRequest = true;
+        else if (nNow - mi->second.nLastRequestTime >= nAdaptiveTimeout)
+            fNeedsRequest = true;
+        else if (nNow - mi->second.nLastRequestTime >= HEADER_REDUNDANT_REQUEST_MICROS)
+            fNeedsRequest = true;
+
+        if (!fNeedsRequest)
+            continue;
+
+        CNode* pnode = vWeightedPeers[nPeerIndex % vWeightedPeers.size()];
+        pnode->AskFor(CInv(MSG_BLOCK, *it));
+
+        if (IsInitialBlockDownload() &&
+            vWeightedPeers.size() >= 2 &&
+            vWeightedPeers.size() < HEADER_REDUNDANT_PEER_THRESHOLD &&
+            !mi->second.fRequested)
+        {
+            CNode* pnode2 = vWeightedPeers[(nPeerIndex + 1) % vWeightedPeers.size()];
+            if (pnode2 != pnode)
+                pnode2->AskFor(CInv(MSG_BLOCK, *it));
+        }
+
+        if (!mi->second.fRequested || nNow - mi->second.nLastRequestTime >= HEADER_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MICROS)
+        {
+            if (!mi->second.fRequested)
+                mi->second.nFirstRequestTime = nNow;
+            mi->second.fRequested = true;
+            mi->second.nLastRequestTime = nNow;
+        }
+
+        ++nQueued;
+        ++nPeerIndex;
+    }
+
+    if (nQueued > 0)
+        printf("IBD-DIAG: sync manager queued %u blocks across %zu peers (window=%u, inflight=%u)\n",
+            nQueued, vEligiblePeers.size(), nWindow, nInFlight);
+
+    return nQueued;
+}
+
+bool CSyncManager::ProcessHeaders(CNode* pfrom, const std::vector<CBlock>& vHeaders)
+{
+    if (vHeaders.size() > 2000)
+    {
+        pfrom->Misbehaving(20);
+        return error("message headers size() = %" PRIszu "", vHeaders.size());
+    }
+
+    uint256 hashChainTip = 0;
+    int nNewHeaders = 0;
+    for (const CBlock& header : vHeaders)
+    {
+        if (!header.vtx.empty())
+        {
+            pfrom->Misbehaving(20);
+            return error("headers message includes transactions");
+        }
+
+        const uint256 hashHeader = header.GetHash();
+        if (mapBlockIndex.count(hashHeader) || mapHeaders.count(hashHeader))
+        {
+            hashChainTip = hashHeader;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (hashChainTip != 0)
+        {
+            if (header.hashPrevBlock != hashChainTip)
+            {
+                pfrom->Misbehaving(20);
+                return error("non-continuous headers sequence");
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            std::map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator miPrev = mapBlockIndex.find(header.hashPrevBlock);
+            if (miPrev == mapBlockIndex.end() && !mapHeaders.count(header.hashPrevBlock))
+                break;
+        }
+
+        if (!AddHeaderNode(header, hashHeader))
+        {
+            pfrom->Misbehaving(20);
+            return error("invalid header sequence");
+        }
+
+        hashChainTip = hashHeader;
+        nNewHeaders++;
+    }
+
+    int nRequested = 0;
+    if (hashBestHeader != 0)
+        nRequested = QueueBlocksParallel(HEADER_DOWNLOAD_WINDOW);
+
+    if (nNewHeaders > 0)
+        nLastNewHeaderTime = GetTime();
+
+    if (nNewHeaders > 0 || nRequested > 0)
+        printf("IBD-DIAG: accepted %d new headers, queued %d blocks from %zu headers (peer=%s bestHeader=%s)\n",
+            nNewHeaders, nRequested, vHeaders.size(), pfrom->addr.ToString().c_str(),
+            hashBestHeader.ToString().substr(0,20).c_str());
+
+    if (vHeaders.size() >= 2000)
+    {
+        if (IsInitialBlockDownload() && hashChainTip != 0)
+            ContinueHeaders(pfrom, hashChainTip);
+        else
+            pfrom->PushGetBlocks(pindexBest, uint256(0));
+    }
+    else if (IsInitialBlockDownload() && nNewHeaders > 0 && hashChainTip != 0)
+    {
+        ContinueHeaders(pfrom, hashChainTip);
+    }
+    else if (IsInitialBlockDownload())
+    {
+        const unsigned int nPlannerDepth = GetPlannerDepth();
+        if (nPlannerDepth <= HEADER_SYNC_LOW_WATER)
+            RequestRefill(
+                pfrom, (hashChainTip != 0) ? hashChainTip : hashBestHeader,
+                HEADER_SYNC_REFILL_MIN_INTERVAL_SECONDS,
+                (nPlannerDepth == 0) ? "headers planner empty" : "headers planner low-water");
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+void CSyncManager::TrackBlockDelivery(CNode* pfrom, const uint256& hashBlock)
+{
+    if (!pfrom)
+        return;
+
+    pfrom->nBlocksDelivered++;
+    if (nBestHeight > pfrom->nBestKnownHeight)
+        pfrom->nBestKnownHeight = nBestHeight;
+
+    int64_t nRequestTime = GetRequestTime(hashBlock);
+    if (nRequestTime > 0)
+    {
+        int64_t nLatency = GetTime() * 1000000 - nRequestTime;
+        if (nLatency > 0)
+        {
+            if (pfrom->nAvgBlockLatencyUs == 0)
+                pfrom->nAvgBlockLatencyUs = nLatency;
+            else
+                pfrom->nAvgBlockLatencyUs = (pfrom->nAvgBlockLatencyUs * 7 + nLatency) / 8;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void CSyncManager::Tick(CNode* pto, int nHighestInvWalk, const uint256& hashHighestInvWalk)
+{
+    if (!pto || pto->fClient || pto->nVersion == 0 || !IsInitialBlockDownload())
+        return;
+
+    const int64_t nNowSec = GetTime();
+    const unsigned int nPlannerDepth = GetPlannerDepth();
+    const unsigned int nInFlight = CountInFlight();
+    static int64_t nLastHeaderPlannerControl = 0;
+    static int64_t nLastHeaderWatchdog = 0;
+    static int64_t nLastBlockPlannerControl = 0;
+
+    if (nLastNewHeaderTime == 0)
+        nLastNewHeaderTime = nNowSec;
+
+    if (nNowSec - nLastHeaderPlannerControl >= HEADER_SYNC_CONTROL_INTERVAL_SECONDS &&
+        nPlannerDepth < HEADER_SYNC_LOW_WATER &&
+        nInFlight < HEADER_SYNC_TARGET_INFLIGHT)
+    {
+        const unsigned int nRefilled = RequestRefillAllPeers(
+            hashBestHeader, HEADER_SYNC_REFILL_MIN_INTERVAL_SECONDS,
+            "control-loop");
+        if (nRefilled > 0)
+            printf("IBD-DIAG: control-loop refill from %u peers (plannerDepth=%u inflight=%u target=%u)\n",
+                nRefilled, nPlannerDepth, nInFlight, HEADER_SYNC_TARGET_INFLIGHT);
+        nLastHeaderPlannerControl = nNowSec;
+    }
+
+    if (nNowSec - nLastHeaderWatchdog >= HEADER_SYNC_CONTROL_INTERVAL_SECONDS &&
+        nNowSec - nLastNewHeaderTime >= HEADER_SYNC_WATCHDOG_SECONDS)
+    {
+        const unsigned int nRefilled = RequestRefillAllPeers(
+            hashBestHeader, HEADER_SYNC_REFILL_MIN_INTERVAL_SECONDS,
+            "headers-watchdog");
+        if (nRefilled > 0)
+            printf("IBD-DIAG: headers watchdog refill from %u peers after %llds without new headers (plannerDepth=%u inflight=%u)\n",
+                nRefilled,
+                (long long)(nNowSec - nLastNewHeaderTime),
+                nPlannerDepth,
+                nInFlight);
+        nLastHeaderWatchdog = nNowSec;
+    }
+
+    const int64_t nMinInterval = (mapHeaders.size() < HEADER_DOWNLOAD_WINDOW) ? 15 : 60;
+    if (nNowSec - pto->nLastIbdHeaderRequest >= nMinInterval)
+        RequestRefill(pto, hashBestHeader, nMinInterval, "heartbeat");
+
+    if (nNowSec - nLastBlockPlannerControl >= HEADER_SYNC_CONTROL_INTERVAL_SECONDS &&
+        hashBestHeader != 0 &&
+        nPlannerDepth > 0)
+    {
+        const unsigned int nRequeued = QueueBlocksParallel(HEADER_DOWNLOAD_WINDOW);
+        if (nRequeued > 0)
+            printf("IBD-DIAG: block-planner control queued %u block requests (plannerDepth=%u inflight=%u)\n",
+                nRequeued, nPlannerDepth, nInFlight);
+        nLastBlockPlannerControl = nNowSec;
+    }
+
+    if (hashBestHeader == 0 && nHighestInvWalk > nBestHeight &&
+        hashHighestInvWalk != 0 && mapBlockIndex.count(hashHighestInvWalk))
+    {
+        RequestRefill(pto, hashHighestInvWalk, HEADER_SYNC_REFILL_MIN_INTERVAL_SECONDS, "inv-walk bridge");
+    }
+}

src/syncmanager.h

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 The Triangles developers
+// Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
+// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
+#ifndef TRIANGLES_SYNCMANAGER_H
+#define TRIANGLES_SYNCMANAGER_H
+
+#include "uint256.h"
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <vector>
+
+class CBlock;
+class CInv;
+class CNode;
+
+class CSyncManager
+{
+public:
+    struct HeaderNode;
+
+    static constexpr unsigned int HEADER_DOWNLOAD_WINDOW = 1024;
+    static constexpr unsigned int HEADER_SYNC_LOW_WATER = HEADER_DOWNLOAD_WINDOW / 4;
+    static constexpr unsigned int HEADER_SYNC_TARGET_INFLIGHT = HEADER_DOWNLOAD_WINDOW / 2;
+    static constexpr int64_t HEADER_SYNC_REFILL_MIN_INTERVAL_SECONDS = 5;
+    static constexpr int64_t HEADER_SYNC_CONTROL_INTERVAL_SECONDS = 5;
+    static constexpr int64_t HEADER_SYNC_WATCHDOG_SECONDS = 25;
+
+    bool HaveHeader(const uint256& hash) const;
+    uint256 GetBestHeader() const;
+    std::size_t GetHeaderCount() const;
+    unsigned int CountInFlight() const;
+    unsigned int GetPlannerDepth() const;
+    int GetPlannerHeight() const;
+    int64_t GetRequestTime(const uint256& hashBlock) const;
+
+    bool RequestRefill(CNode* pfrom, uint256 hashTip, int64_t nMinIntervalSeconds, const char* pszReason);
+    unsigned int RequestRefillAllPeers(uint256 hashTip, int64_t nMinIntervalSeconds, const char* pszReason);
+    unsigned int QueueBlocksParallel(unsigned int nWindow = HEADER_DOWNLOAD_WINDOW);
+    bool ProcessHeaders(CNode* pfrom, const std::vector<CBlock>& vHeaders);
+    void BlockAccepted(const uint256& hashBlock);
+    void TrackBlockDelivery(CNode* pfrom, const uint256& hashBlock);
+    void Tick(CNode* pto, int nHighestInvWalk, const uint256& hashHighestInvWalk);
+
+private:
+    uint256 GetHeaderTrust(unsigned int nBits) const;
+    bool GetKnownHeaderState(const uint256& hash, int& nHeight, uint256& nChainTrust) const;
+    bool GetPrevHash(const uint256& hash, uint256& hashPrev) const;
+    void RecomputeBestHeader();
+    void PruneHeaders();
+    bool AddHeaderNode(const CBlock& header, const uint256& hashHeader);
+    std::vector<uint256> GetDownloadPath(uint256 hashTip) const;
+    void ContinueHeaders(CNode* pfrom, const uint256& hashTip);
+};
+
+extern CSyncManager g_syncManager;
+
+#endif // TRIANGLES_SYNCMANAGER_H

src/test/DoS_tests.cpp

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 //
 #include <algorithm>
 
-#include <boost/date_time/posix_time/posix_time_types.hpp>
+#include <chrono>
 #include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
 
 #include "main.h"
@@ -249,25 +249,23 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(DoS_checkSig)
         tx.vin[j].prevout.hash = orphans[j].GetHash();
     }
     // Creating signatures primes the cache:
-    boost::posix_time::ptime mst1 = boost::posix_time::microsec_clock::local_time();
+    auto mst1 = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
     for (unsigned int j = 0; j < tx.vin.size(); j++)
         BOOST_CHECK(SignSignature(keystore, orphans[j], tx, j));
-    boost::posix_time::ptime mst2 = boost::posix_time::microsec_clock::local_time();
-    boost::posix_time::time_duration msdiff = mst2 - mst1;
-    long nOneValidate = msdiff.total_milliseconds();
+    auto mst2 = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    long nOneValidate = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(mst2 - mst1).count();
     if (fDebug) printf("DoS_Checksig sign: %ld\n", nOneValidate);
 
     // ... now validating repeatedly should be quick:
     // 2.8GHz machine, -g build: Sign takes ~760ms,
     // uncached Verify takes ~250ms, cached Verify takes ~50ms
     // (for 100 single-signature inputs)
-    mst1 = boost::posix_time::microsec_clock::local_time();
+    mst1 = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
         for (unsigned int j = 0; j < tx.vin.size(); j++)
             BOOST_CHECK(VerifySignature(orphans[j], tx, j, SIGHASH_ALL));
-    mst2 = boost::posix_time::microsec_clock::local_time();
-    msdiff = mst2 - mst1;
-    long nManyValidate = msdiff.total_milliseconds();
+    mst2 = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    long nManyValidate = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(mst2 - mst1).count();
     if (fDebug) printf("DoS_Checksig five: %ld\n", nManyValidate);
 
     BOOST_CHECK_MESSAGE(nManyValidate < nOneValidate, "Signature cache timing failed");

src/test/accounting_tests.cpp

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ GetResults(CWalletDB& walletdb, std::map<int64_t, CAccountingEntry>& results)
     std::list<CAccountingEntry> aes;
 
     results.clear();
-    BOOST_CHECK(walletdb.ReorderTransactions(pwalletMain) == DB_LOAD_OK);
+    BOOST_CHECK(walletdb.ReorderTransactions(pwalletMain.get()) == DB_LOAD_OK);
     walletdb.ListAccountCreditDebit("", aes);
     for (CAccountingEntry& ae : aes)
     {

src/test/miner_tests.cpp

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ struct {
 // NOTE: These tests rely on CreateNewBlock doing its own self-validation!
 BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(CreateNewBlock_validity)
 {
-    CReserveKey reservekey(pwalletMain);
+    CReserveKey reservekey(pwalletMain.get());
     CBlock *pblock;
     CTransaction tx;
     CScript script;

src/test/multisig_tests.cpp

@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(multisig_Solver1)
 
     {
         vector<valtype> solutions;
-        txnouttype whichType;
+        TxnOutType whichType;
         CScript s;
         s << key[0].GetPubKey() << OP_CHECKSIG;
         BOOST_CHECK(Solver(s, whichType, solutions));
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(multisig_Solver1)
     }
     {
         vector<valtype> solutions;
-        txnouttype whichType;
+        TxnOutType whichType;
         CScript s;
         s << OP_DUP << OP_HASH160 << key[0].GetPubKey().GetID() << OP_EQUALVERIFY << OP_CHECKSIG;
         BOOST_CHECK(Solver(s, whichType, solutions));
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(multisig_Solver1)
     }
     {
         vector<valtype> solutions;
-        txnouttype whichType;
+        TxnOutType whichType;
         CScript s;
         s << OP_2 << key[0].GetPubKey() << key[1].GetPubKey() << OP_2 << OP_CHECKMULTISIG;
         BOOST_CHECK(Solver(s, whichType, solutions));
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(multisig_Solver1)
     }
     {
         vector<valtype> solutions;
-        txnouttype whichType;
+        TxnOutType whichType;
         CScript s;
         s << OP_1 << key[0].GetPubKey() << key[1].GetPubKey() << OP_2 << OP_CHECKMULTISIG;
         BOOST_CHECK(Solver(s, whichType, solutions));
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(multisig_Solver1)
     }
     {
         vector<valtype> solutions;
-        txnouttype whichType;
+        TxnOutType whichType;
         CScript s;
         s << OP_2 << key[0].GetPubKey() << key[1].GetPubKey() << key[2].GetPubKey() << OP_3 << OP_CHECKMULTISIG;
         BOOST_CHECK(Solver(s, whichType, solutions));

src/test/script_tests.cpp

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ ParseScript(string s)
 Array
 read_json(const std::string& filename)
 {
-    namespace fs = boost::filesystem;
+    namespace fs = std::filesystem;
     fs::path testFile = fs::current_path() / "test" / "data" / filename;
 
 #ifdef TEST_DATA_DIR

src/tor/anonymize.cpp

@@ -7,9 +7,8 @@
 #include "anonymize.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
-#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
-#include <boost/thread/thread.hpp>
-#include <boost/thread/mutex.hpp>
+#include <thread>
+#include <mutex>
 #include <string>
 #include <cstring>
 #include <memory>
@@ -42,10 +41,10 @@ int check_interrupted(
     ) ? 1 : 0;
 }
 
-static boost::mutex initializing;
+static std::mutex initializing;
 
-static std::unique_ptr<boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex> > uninitialized(
-    new boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex>(
+static std::unique_ptr<std::unique_lock<std::mutex> > uninitialized(
+    new std::unique_lock<std::mutex>(
         initializing
     )
 );
@@ -57,5 +56,5 @@ void set_initialized(
 
 void wait_initialized(
 ) {
-    boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex> checking(initializing);
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> checking(initializing);
 }

src/tor/onion_v3.cpp

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 #include <openssl/evp.h>
 #include <openssl/rand.h>
 #include <openssl/sha.h>
-#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
+#include <filesystem>
 #include <fstream>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <set>
@@ -54,18 +54,19 @@
 #endif
 
 // Ensure we have the global wallet pointer
-extern CWallet* pwalletMain;
+#include <memory>
+extern std::unique_ptr<CWallet> pwalletMain;
 
 // Static instance
 CTorV3Manager* CTorV3Manager::instance = nullptr;
 static TorV3Config torV3Config;
 
-static boost::filesystem::path GetBackendHiddenServiceDir(const std::string& torDataDir)
+static std::filesystem::path GetBackendHiddenServiceDir(const std::string& torDataDir)
 {
-    return boost::filesystem::path(torDataDir) / "hidden_service";
+    return std::filesystem::path(torDataDir) / "hidden_service";
 }
 
-static bool ReadTrimmedFirstLine(const boost::filesystem::path& path, std::string& valueOut)
+static bool ReadTrimmedFirstLine(const std::filesystem::path& path, std::string& valueOut)
 {
     valueOut.clear();
 
@@ -573,12 +574,12 @@ bool CTorV3Service::AttachToBackendService(const std::string& torDataDir, int se
 
     port = servicePort;
 
-    const boost::filesystem::path serviceDir = GetBackendHiddenServiceDir(torDataDir);
-    const boost::filesystem::path hostnamePath = serviceDir / "hostname";
+    const std::filesystem::path serviceDir = GetBackendHiddenServiceDir(torDataDir);
+    const std::filesystem::path hostnamePath = serviceDir / "hostname";
 
     std::string backendOnion;
     for (int waited = 0; waited <= waitSeconds; ++waited) {
-        if (boost::filesystem::exists(hostnamePath) &&
+        if (std::filesystem::exists(hostnamePath) &&
             ReadTrimmedFirstLine(hostnamePath, backendOnion)) {
             break;
         }
@@ -616,8 +617,8 @@ bool CTorV3Service::AttachToBackendService(const std::string& torDataDir, int se
 
         // Back up the Tor-generated secret key to wallet.dat so the onion
         // identity survives deletion of the tor_data directory.
-        boost::filesystem::path secretKeyPath = serviceDir / "hs_ed25519_secret_key";
-        if (boost::filesystem::exists(secretKeyPath)) {
+        std::filesystem::path secretKeyPath = serviceDir / "hs_ed25519_secret_key";
+        if (std::filesystem::exists(secretKeyPath)) {
             std::ifstream keyFile(secretKeyPath.string().c_str(), std::ios::binary);
             if (keyFile.is_open()) {
                 std::vector<unsigned char> keyData(
@@ -997,7 +998,7 @@ bool CTorV3Service::ValidateOnionAddress(const std::string& address)
 bool CTorV3Service::ExtractKeysFromHex(const std::string& privKeyHex, unsigned char* privKey, unsigned char* pubKey)
 {
     if (!privKey || !pubKey) {
-        printf("ERROR: NULL pointers passed to ExtractKeysFromHex\n");
+        printf("ERROR: nullptr pointers passed to ExtractKeysFromHex\n");
         return false;
     }
     
@@ -1063,7 +1064,7 @@ bool CTorV3Service::ExtractKeysFromHex(const std::string& privKeyHex, unsigned c
 bool CTorV3Service::DerivePublicKeyFromPrivate(const unsigned char* privateKey, unsigned char* publicKey)
 {
     if (!privateKey || !publicKey) {
-        printf("ERROR: NULL pointer passed to DerivePublicKeyFromPrivate\n");
+        printf("ERROR: nullptr pointer passed to DerivePublicKeyFromPrivate\n");
         return false;
     }
     
@@ -1218,7 +1219,7 @@ bool CTorV3Manager::InitializeTor()
     torDataDir = torV3Config.torDataDirectory;
 
     // Create tor data directory
-    boost::filesystem::create_directories(torDataDir);
+    std::filesystem::create_directories(torDataDir);
 
     torEnabled = true;
 

src/tor/tor_embedded.cpp

@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@
 #include "../util.h"
 #include "../net.h"
 
-#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
-#include <boost/thread/thread.hpp>
+#include <filesystem>
+#include <thread>
 #include <fstream>
 #include <cstring>
 #include <vector>
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ extern "C" {
 }
 #endif
 
-namespace fs = boost::filesystem;
+namespace fs = std::filesystem;
 
 // Singleton
 CTorEmbedded* CTorEmbedded::instance = nullptr;
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ bool CTorEmbedded::Start(int socks, int hsPort, bool enableHiddenService)
     running.store(true);
 
     // Launch Tor on a dedicated thread (tor_run_main blocks)
-    boost::thread torThread(TorThreadFunc, argv);
+    std::thread torThread(TorThreadFunc, argv);
     torThread.detach();
 
     // Wait for SOCKS port to become available (up to 60s)

src/tor/tor_process.cpp

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 #include <unistd.h>
 #endif
 
-namespace fs = boost::filesystem;
+namespace fs = std::filesystem;
 
 static std::string ReadTailLines(const fs::path& filePath, size_t maxLines)
 {
@@ -75,8 +75,8 @@ CTorProcess::CTorProcess()
     , hiddenServiceEnabled(true)
     , running(false)
 #ifdef WIN32
-    , hProcess(NULL)
-    , hJob(NULL)
+    , hProcess(nullptr)
+    , hJob(nullptr)
     , processId(0)
 #else
     , processId(0)
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ std::string CTorProcess::FindTorBinary()
 #ifdef WIN32
     // Same directory as the wallet executable
     char exePath[MAX_PATH];
-    if (GetModuleFileNameA(NULL, exePath, MAX_PATH)) {
+    if (GetModuleFileNameA(nullptr, exePath, MAX_PATH)) {
         fs::path exeDir = fs::path(exePath).parent_path();
         candidates.push_back((exeDir / "tor.exe").string());
         candidates.push_back((exeDir / "tor" / "tor.exe").string());
@@ -259,10 +259,34 @@ bool CTorProcess::WriteTorrc()
     // SOCKS proxy for wallet connections
     torrc << "SocksPort " << socksPort << "\n";
 
-    // Data directory for Tor state
-    fs::path torStateDir = dataPath / "state";
-    fs::create_directories(torStateDir);
-    torrc << "DataDirectory " << torStateDir.string() << "\n";
+    // Data directory for Tor state.
+    // Use the tor_data directory itself as DataDirectory so that Tor creates
+    // its internal 'state' FILE at <tor_data>/state.  Older wallet builds
+    // erroneously created a subdirectory called 'state' and pointed
+    // DataDirectory at it; newer Tor versions (0.4.9+) reject that because
+    // they expect to write a plain file called 'state' inside DataDirectory.
+    //
+    // Recovery: if 'state' exists as a directory, move its contents up and
+    // remove it so that Tor can create its state file in the normal location.
+    {
+        fs::path badStateDir = dataPath / "state";
+        if (fs::exists(badStateDir) && fs::is_directory(badStateDir)) {
+            // Migrate any files inside the bad 'state/' directory up to dataPath
+            try {
+                for (auto& entry : fs::directory_iterator(badStateDir)) {
+                    fs::path dest = dataPath / entry.path().filename();
+                    if (!fs::exists(dest)) {
+                        fs::rename(entry.path(), dest);
+                    }
+                }
+                fs::remove(badStateDir);
+                printf("Auto-recovered: removed legacy 'state' directory from %s\n", dataPath.string().c_str());
+            } catch (const fs::filesystem_error& e) {
+                printf("WARNING: Could not auto-recover tor_data/state directory: %s\n", e.what());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    torrc << "DataDirectory " << dataPath.string() << "\n";
 
     // Persistent Tor log for post-mortem debugging on user machines.
     fs::path torLogPath = dataPath / "tor.log";
@@ -381,12 +405,12 @@ bool CTorProcess::Start(const std::string& dataDir, int socks, int hsPort, bool
     std::string cmdLine = "\"" + torBinaryPath + "\" -f \"" + torrcPath + "\"";
 
     if (!CreateProcessA(
-            NULL,
+            nullptr,
             (LPSTR)cmdLine.c_str(),
-            NULL, NULL,
+            nullptr, nullptr,
             FALSE,
             CREATE_NO_WINDOW,
-            NULL, NULL,
+            nullptr, nullptr,
             &si, &pi))
     {
         DWORD err = ::GetLastError();
@@ -403,7 +427,7 @@ bool CTorProcess::Start(const std::string& dataDir, int socks, int hsPort, bool
     // killed via Task Manager.  JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_KILL_ON_JOB_CLOSE means
     // all processes in the job die when the last handle to the job closes
     // (i.e. when our process exits for any reason).
-    hJob = CreateJobObject(NULL, NULL);
+    hJob = CreateJobObject(nullptr, nullptr);
     if (hJob) {
         JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION jobInfo = {};
         jobInfo.BasicLimitInformation.LimitFlags = JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_KILL_ON_JOB_CLOSE;
@@ -428,7 +452,7 @@ bool CTorProcess::Start(const std::string& dataDir, int socks, int hsPort, bool
         freopen("/dev/null", "w", stdout);
         freopen("/dev/null", "w", stderr);
         execl(torBinaryPath.c_str(), torBinaryPath.c_str(),
-              "-f", torrcPath.c_str(), (char*)NULL);
+              "-f", torrcPath.c_str(), (char*)nullptr);
         // If exec fails, exit child
         _exit(1);
     }
@@ -490,16 +514,16 @@ void CTorProcess::Stop()
     if (!running) return;
 
 #ifdef WIN32
-    if (hProcess != NULL) {
+    if (hProcess != nullptr) {
         printf("Stopping Tor process (PID %lu)...\n", processId);
         TerminateProcess(hProcess, 0);
         WaitForSingleObject(hProcess, 5000);
         CloseHandle(hProcess);
-        hProcess = NULL;
+        hProcess = nullptr;
     }
-    if (hJob != NULL) {
+    if (hJob != nullptr) {
         CloseHandle(hJob);
-        hJob = NULL;
+        hJob = nullptr;
     }
 #else
     if (processId > 0) {
@@ -514,7 +538,7 @@ void CTorProcess::Stop()
         }
         // Force kill if still running
         kill(processId, SIGKILL);
-        waitpid(processId, NULL, 0);
+        waitpid(processId, nullptr, 0);
     }
 #endif
 
@@ -528,7 +552,7 @@ bool CTorProcess::IsRunning()
     if (!running) return false;
 
 #ifdef WIN32
-    if (hProcess == NULL) return false;
+    if (hProcess == nullptr) return false;
     DWORD exitCode;
     if (GetExitCodeProcess(hProcess, &exitCode)) {
         return (exitCode == STILL_ACTIVE);

src/tor_embed_hooks.cpp

@@ -5,9 +5,8 @@
 #include "tor_embed_hooks.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
-#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
-#include <boost/thread/mutex.hpp>
-#include <boost/thread/thread.hpp>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <thread>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
 
@@ -25,13 +24,13 @@ const char* triangles_onion_service_directory()
 
 int triangles_tor_check_interrupted()
 {
-    return boost::this_thread::interruption_requested() ? 1 : 0;
+    return fShutdown ? 1 : 0;
 }
 
-static boost::mutex g_torInitializing;
+static std::mutex g_torInitializing;
 
-static std::unique_ptr<boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex> > g_torUninitialized(
-    new boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex>(g_torInitializing));
+static std::unique_ptr<std::unique_lock<std::mutex> > g_torUninitialized(
+    new std::unique_lock<std::mutex>(g_torInitializing));
 
 void triangles_tor_set_initialized()
 {
@@ -40,5 +39,5 @@ void triangles_tor_set_initialized()
 
 void triangles_tor_wait_initialized()
 {
-    boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex> checking(g_torInitializing);
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> checking(g_torInitializing);
 }

src/trianglesrpc.cpp

@@ -13,18 +13,19 @@
 #include "main.h"
 #include "net.h"
 #include "notificationqueue.h"
+#include "util_signal.h"
 
 #undef printf
 #include <boost/asio.hpp>
 #include <boost/asio/ip/v6_only.hpp>
 #include <boost/bind.hpp>
-#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
+#include <filesystem>
 #include <boost/iostreams/concepts.hpp>
 #include <boost/iostreams/stream.hpp>
-#include <boost/algorithm/string.hpp>
 #include <boost/asio/ssl.hpp>
-#include <boost/filesystem/fstream.hpp>
+#include <fstream>
 #include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
+#include <boost/weak_ptr.hpp>
 #include <memory>
 #include <list>
 
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ using namespace std;
 using namespace boost;
 using namespace boost::asio;
 using namespace json_spirit;
-namespace fs = boost::filesystem;
+namespace fs = std::filesystem;
 
 void ThreadRPCServer2(void* parg);
 
@@ -42,7 +43,7 @@ static std::string strRPCUserColonPass;
 
 const Object emptyobj;
 
-CNotificationQueue* pNotificationQueue = NULL;
+CNotificationQueue* pNotificationQueue = nullptr;
 
 void ThreadRPCServer3(void* parg);
 
@@ -320,13 +321,13 @@ static const CRPCCommand vRPCCommands[] =
     { "invalidateblock",        &invalidateblock,        false,  false },
     { "reconsiderblock",        &reconsiderblock,        false,  false },
     { "recalculatesupply",      &recalculatesupply,      false,  false },
+    { "auditsignatures",        &auditsignatures,        true,   false },
     { "dumputxoset",            &dumputxoset,            false,  false },
     { "reservebalance",         &reservebalance,         false,  true},
     { "checkwallet",            &checkwallet,            false,  true},
     { "repairwallet",           &repairwallet,           false,  true},
     { "resendtx",               &resendtx,               false,  true},
     { "makekeypair",            &makekeypair,            false,  true},
-    { "sendalert",              &sendalert,              false,  false},
 
     { "smsgenable",             &smsgenable,             false,  false},
     { "smsgdisable",            &smsgdisable,            false,  false},
@@ -365,7 +366,7 @@ const CRPCCommand *CRPCTable::operator[](string name) const
 {
     map<string, const CRPCCommand*>::const_iterator it = mapCommands.find(name);
     if (it == mapCommands.end())
-        return NULL;
+        return nullptr;
     return (*it).second;
 }
 
@@ -399,7 +400,7 @@ string rfc1123Time()
     time_t now;
     time(&now);
     struct tm* now_gmt = gmtime(&now);
-    string locale(setlocale(LC_TIME, NULL));
+    string locale(setlocale(LC_TIME, nullptr));
     setlocale(LC_TIME, "C"); // we want POSIX (aka "C") weekday/month strings
     strftime(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S +0000", now_gmt);
     setlocale(LC_TIME, locale.c_str());
@@ -458,13 +459,12 @@ int ReadHTTPStatus(std::basic_istream<char>& stream, int &proto,
     // Trim trailing \r
     if (!str.empty() && str[str.size()-1] == '\r')
         str.resize(str.size()-1);
-    vector<string> vWords;
-    boost::split(vWords, str, boost::is_any_of(" "));
+    auto vWords = SplitString(str, ' ');
     if (vWords.size() < 2)
         return HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
     proto = 0;
     const char *ver = strstr(str.c_str(), "HTTP/1.");
-    if (ver != NULL)
+    if (ver != nullptr)
         proto = atoi(ver+7);
 
     // Detect request line (GET/POST/...) vs response line (HTTP/1.x ...)
@@ -491,10 +491,10 @@ int ReadHTTPHeader(std::basic_istream<char>& stream, map<string, string>& mapHea
         if (nColon != string::npos)
         {
             string strHeader = str.substr(0, nColon);
-            boost::trim(strHeader);
-            boost::to_lower(strHeader);
+            strHeader = TrimString(strHeader);
+            strHeader = ToLower(strHeader);
             string strValue = str.substr(nColon+1);
-            boost::trim(strValue);
+            strValue = TrimString(strValue);
             mapHeadersRet[strHeader] = strValue;
             if (strHeader == "content-length")
                 nLen = atoi(strValue.c_str());
@@ -546,10 +546,17 @@ int ReadHTTP(std::basic_istream<char>& stream, map<string, string>& mapHeadersRe
 bool HTTPAuthorized(map<string, string>& mapHeaders)
 {
     string strAuth = mapHeaders["authorization"];
-    if (strAuth.substr(0,6) != "Basic ")
+    if (strAuth.size() < 6 || strAuth.substr(0,6) != "Basic ")
         return false;
-    string strUserPass64 = strAuth.substr(6); boost::trim(strUserPass64);
-    string strUserPass = DecodeBase64(strUserPass64);
+    string strUserPass64 = strAuth.substr(6); strUserPass64 = TrimString(strUserPass64);
+    if (strUserPass64.empty())
+        return false;
+    string strUserPass;
+    try {
+        strUserPass = DecodeBase64(strUserPass64);
+    } catch (const std::exception&) {
+        return false;
+    }
     return TimingResistantEqual(strUserPass, strRPCUserColonPass);
 }
 
@@ -739,7 +746,7 @@ void ThreadRPCServer(void* parg)
         PrintException(&e, "ThreadRPCServer()");
     } catch (...) {
         vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_RPCLISTENER]--;
-        PrintException(NULL, "ThreadRPCServer()");
+        PrintException(nullptr, "ThreadRPCServer()");
     }
     printf("ThreadRPCServer exited\n");
 }
@@ -766,12 +773,9 @@ static void RPCListen(boost::shared_ptr< basic_socket_acceptor<Protocol, SocketA
     acceptor->async_accept(
             conn->sslStream.lowest_layer(),
             conn->peer,
-            boost::bind(&RPCAcceptHandler<Protocol, SocketAcceptorService>,
-                acceptor,
-                boost::ref(context),
-                fUseSSL,
-                conn,
-                boost::asio::placeholders::error));
+            [acceptor, &context, fUseSSL, conn](const boost::system::error_code& error) {
+                RPCAcceptHandler(acceptor, context, fUseSSL, conn, error);
+            });
 }
 
 /**
@@ -786,44 +790,61 @@ static void RPCAcceptHandler(boost::shared_ptr< basic_socket_acceptor<Protocol,
 {
     vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_RPCLISTENER]++;
 
-    // Immediately start accepting new connections, except when we're cancelled or our socket is closed.
-    if (error != asio::error::operation_aborted
-     && acceptor->is_open())
-        RPCListen(acceptor, context, fUseSSL);
+    try {
+        // Immediately start accepting new connections, except when we're cancelled or our socket is closed.
+        if (error != asio::error::operation_aborted
+         && acceptor->is_open())
+            RPCListen(acceptor, context, fUseSSL);
 
-    AcceptedConnectionImpl<ip::tcp>* tcp_conn = dynamic_cast< AcceptedConnectionImpl<ip::tcp>* >(conn);
+        AcceptedConnectionImpl<ip::tcp>* tcp_conn = dynamic_cast< AcceptedConnectionImpl<ip::tcp>* >(conn);
 
-    if (error)
-    {
-        if (error != asio::error::operation_aborted)
-            printf("RPC accept error from %s: %s (%d)\n",
-                   tcp_conn ? tcp_conn->peer.address().to_string().c_str() : "unknown peer",
-                   error.message().c_str(),
-                   error.value());
+        if (error)
+        {
+            if (error != asio::error::operation_aborted)
+                printf("RPC accept error from %s: %s (%d)\n",
+                       tcp_conn ? tcp_conn->peer.address().to_string().c_str() : "unknown peer",
+                       error.message().c_str(),
+                       error.value());
+            delete conn;
+            vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_RPCLISTENER]--;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Restrict callers by IP.  It is important to
+        // do this before starting client thread, to filter out
+        // certain DoS and misbehaving clients.
+        else if (tcp_conn
+              && !ClientAllowed(tcp_conn->peer.address()))
+        {
+            // Only send a 403 if we're not using SSL to prevent a DoS during the SSL handshake.
+            try {
+                if (!fUseSSL)
+                    conn->stream() << HTTPReply(HTTP_FORBIDDEN, "", false) << std::flush;
+            } catch (const std::exception& e) {
+                printf("RPC error sending 403 to %s: %s\n",
+                       tcp_conn->peer.address().to_string().c_str(), e.what());
+            }
+            delete conn;
+            vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_RPCLISTENER]--;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // start HTTP client thread
+        else if (!NewThread(ThreadRPCServer3, conn)) {
+            printf("Failed to create RPC server client thread\n");
+            delete conn;
+        }
+
+        vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_RPCLISTENER]--;
+    } catch (std::exception& e) {
+        PrintException(&e, "RPCAcceptHandler()");
         delete conn;
         vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_RPCLISTENER]--;
-        return;
-    }
-
-    // Restrict callers by IP.  It is important to
-    // do this before starting client thread, to filter out
-    // certain DoS and misbehaving clients.
-    else if (tcp_conn
-          && !ClientAllowed(tcp_conn->peer.address()))
-    {
-        // Only send a 403 if we're not using SSL to prevent a DoS during the SSL handshake.
-        if (!fUseSSL)
-            conn->stream() << HTTPReply(HTTP_FORBIDDEN, "", false) << std::flush;
+    } catch (...) {
+        PrintException(NULL, "RPCAcceptHandler()");
         delete conn;
+        vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_RPCLISTENER]--;
     }
-
-    // start HTTP client thread
-    else if (!NewThread(ThreadRPCServer3, conn)) {
-        printf("Failed to create RPC server client thread\n");
-        delete conn;
-    }
-
-    vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_RPCLISTENER]--;
 }
 
 void ThreadRPCServer2(void* parg)
@@ -848,9 +869,7 @@ void ThreadRPCServer2(void* parg)
               "rpcpassword=%s\n"
               "(you do not need to remember this password)\n"
               "The username and password MUST NOT be the same.\n"
-              "If the file does not exist, create it with owner-readable-only file permissions.\n"
-              "It is also recommended to set alertnotify so you are notified of problems;\n"
-              "for example: alertnotify=echo %%s | mail -s \"Triangles Alert\" admin@foo.com\n"),
+              "If the file does not exist, create it with owner-readable-only file permissions.\n"),
                 strWhatAmI.c_str(),
                 GetConfigFile().string().c_str(),
                 EncodeBase58(&rand_pwd[0],&rand_pwd[0]+32).c_str()),
@@ -868,17 +887,17 @@ void ThreadRPCServer2(void* parg)
     {
         context.set_options(ssl::context::no_sslv2);
 
-        fs::path pathCertFile(GetArg("-rpcsslcertificatechainfile", "server.cert"));
+        fs::path pathCertFile(GetArg(std::string_view{"-rpcsslcertificatechainfile"}, std::string_view{"server.cert"}));
         if (!pathCertFile.is_absolute()) pathCertFile = fs::path(GetDataDir()) / pathCertFile;
         if (fs::exists(pathCertFile)) context.use_certificate_chain_file(pathCertFile.string());
         else printf("ThreadRPCServer ERROR: missing server certificate file %s\n", pathCertFile.string().c_str());
 
-        fs::path pathPKFile(GetArg("-rpcsslprivatekeyfile", "server.pem"));
+        fs::path pathPKFile(GetArg(std::string_view{"-rpcsslprivatekeyfile"}, std::string_view{"server.pem"}));
         if (!pathPKFile.is_absolute()) pathPKFile = fs::path(GetDataDir()) / pathPKFile;
         if (fs::exists(pathPKFile)) context.use_private_key_file(pathPKFile.string(), ssl::context::pem);
         else printf("ThreadRPCServer ERROR: missing server private key file %s\n", pathPKFile.string().c_str());
 
-        string strCiphers = GetArg("-rpcsslciphers", "TLSv1+HIGH:!SSLv2:!aNULL:!eNULL:!AH:!3DES:@STRENGTH");
+        string strCiphers = GetArg(std::string_view{"-rpcsslciphers"}, std::string_view{"TLSv1+HIGH:!SSLv2:!aNULL:!eNULL:!AH:!3DES:@STRENGTH"});
         SSL_CTX_set_cipher_list(context.native_handle(), strCiphers.c_str());
     }
 
@@ -889,7 +908,7 @@ void ThreadRPCServer2(void* parg)
     boost::system::error_code v6_only_error;
     boost::shared_ptr<ip::tcp::acceptor> acceptor(new ip::tcp::acceptor(io_service));
 
-    boost::signals2::signal<void ()> StopRequests;
+    CSignal<void()> StopRequests;
 
     bool fListening = false;
     std::string strerr;
@@ -905,10 +924,15 @@ void ThreadRPCServer2(void* parg)
         acceptor->listen(socket_base::max_listen_connections);
 
         RPCListen(acceptor, context, fUseSSL);
-        // Cancel outstanding listen-requests for this acceptor when shutting down
-        StopRequests.connect(signals2::slot<void ()>(
-                    static_cast<void (ip::tcp::acceptor::*)()>(&ip::tcp::acceptor::close), acceptor.get())
-                .track(acceptor));
+        // Cancel outstanding listen-requests for this acceptor when shutting down.
+        // weak_ptr emulates signals2's .track(): if the acceptor has already been
+        // released by the time StopRequests fires, the slot is a no-op.
+        {
+            boost::weak_ptr<ip::tcp::acceptor> weak_acceptor(acceptor);
+            StopRequests.connect([weak_acceptor]() {
+                if (auto a = weak_acceptor.lock()) a->close();
+            });
+        }
 
         fListening = true;
     }
@@ -931,10 +955,13 @@ void ThreadRPCServer2(void* parg)
             acceptor->listen(socket_base::max_listen_connections);
 
             RPCListen(acceptor, context, fUseSSL);
-            // Cancel outstanding listen-requests for this acceptor when shutting down
-            StopRequests.connect(signals2::slot<void ()>(
-                        static_cast<void (ip::tcp::acceptor::*)()>(&ip::tcp::acceptor::close), acceptor.get())
-                    .track(acceptor));
+            // See note above on weak_ptr-based .track() emulation.
+            {
+                boost::weak_ptr<ip::tcp::acceptor> weak_acceptor(acceptor);
+                StopRequests.connect([weak_acceptor]() {
+                    if (auto a = weak_acceptor.lock()) a->close();
+                });
+            }
 
             fListening = true;
         }
@@ -1125,6 +1152,7 @@ void ThreadRPCServer3(void* parg)
     AcceptedConnection *conn = (AcceptedConnection *) parg;
 
     bool fRun = true;
+    try {
     while (true)
     {
         if (fShutdown || !fRun)
@@ -1244,6 +1272,13 @@ void ThreadRPCServer3(void* parg)
         }
     }
 
+    } // end try
+    catch (std::exception& e) {
+        PrintException(&e, "ThreadRPCServer3()");
+    } catch (...) {
+        PrintException(NULL, "ThreadRPCServer3()");
+    }
+
     delete conn;
     {
         LOCK(cs_THREAD_RPCHANDLER);
@@ -1301,7 +1336,7 @@ Object CallRPC(const string& strMethod, const Array& params)
     asio::ssl::stream<asio::ip::tcp::socket> sslStream(io_service, context);
     SSLIOStreamDevice<asio::ip::tcp> d(sslStream, fUseSSL);
     iostreams::stream< SSLIOStreamDevice<asio::ip::tcp> > stream(d);
-    if (!d.connect(GetArg("-rpcconnect", "127.0.0.1"), GetArg("-rpcport", itostr(GetDefaultRPCPort()))))
+    if (!d.connect(GetArg(std::string_view{"-rpcconnect"}, std::string_view{"127.0.0.1"}), GetArg(std::string_view{"-rpcport"}, itostr(GetDefaultRPCPort()))))
         throw runtime_error("couldn't connect to server");
 
     // HTTP basic authentication
@@ -1375,51 +1410,45 @@ Array RPCConvertValues(const std::string &strMethod, const std::vector<std::stri
     if (strMethod == "stop"                   && n > 0) ConvertTo<bool>(params[0]);
     if (strMethod == "sendtoaddress"          && n > 1) ConvertTo<double>(params[1]);
     if (strMethod == "settxfee"               && n > 0) ConvertTo<double>(params[0]);
-    if (strMethod == "getreceivedbyaddress"   && n > 1) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[1]);
-    if (strMethod == "getreceivedbyaccount"   && n > 1) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[1]);
-    if (strMethod == "listreceivedbyaddress"  && n > 0) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[0]);
+    if (strMethod == "getreceivedbyaddress"   && n > 1) ConvertTo<int64_t>(params[1]);
+    if (strMethod == "getreceivedbyaccount"   && n > 1) ConvertTo<int64_t>(params[1]);
+    if (strMethod == "listreceivedbyaddress"  && n > 0) ConvertTo<int64_t>(params[0]);
     if (strMethod == "listreceivedbyaddress"  && n > 1) ConvertTo<bool>(params[1]);
-    if (strMethod == "listreceivedbyaccount"  && n > 0) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[0]);
+    if (strMethod == "listreceivedbyaccount"  && n > 0) ConvertTo<int64_t>(params[0]);
     if (strMethod == "listreceivedbyaccount"  && n > 1) ConvertTo<bool>(params[1]);
-    if (strMethod == "getbalance"             && n > 1) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[1]);
+    if (strMethod == "getbalance"             && n > 1) ConvertTo<int64_t>(params[1]);
     if (strMethod == "getblock"               && n > 1) ConvertTo<bool>(params[1]);
-    if (strMethod == "getblockbynumber"       && n > 0) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[0]);
+    if (strMethod == "getblockbynumber"       && n > 0) ConvertTo<int64_t>(params[0]);
     if (strMethod == "getblockbynumber"       && n > 1) ConvertTo<bool>(params[1]);
-    if (strMethod == "getblockhash"           && n > 0) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[0]);
+    if (strMethod == "getblockhash"           && n > 0) ConvertTo<int64_t>(params[0]);
     if (strMethod == "move"                   && n > 2) ConvertTo<double>(params[2]);
-    if (strMethod == "move"                   && n > 3) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[3]);
+    if (strMethod == "move"                   && n > 3) ConvertTo<int64_t>(params[3]);
     if (strMethod == "sendfrom"               && n > 2) ConvertTo<double>(params[2]);
-    if (strMethod == "sendfrom"               && n > 3) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[3]);
-    if (strMethod == "listtransactions"       && n > 1) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[1]);
-    if (strMethod == "listtransactions"       && n > 2) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[2]);
-    if (strMethod == "listaccounts"           && n > 0) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[0]);
-    if (strMethod == "walletpassphrase"       && n > 1) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[1]);
+    if (strMethod == "sendfrom"               && n > 3) ConvertTo<int64_t>(params[3]);
+    if (strMethod == "listtransactions"       && n > 1) ConvertTo<int64_t>(params[1]);
+    if (strMethod == "listtransactions"       && n > 2) ConvertTo<int64_t>(params[2]);
+    if (strMethod == "listaccounts"           && n > 0) ConvertTo<int64_t>(params[0]);
+    if (strMethod == "walletpassphrase"       && n > 1) ConvertTo<int64_t>(params[1]);
     if (strMethod == "walletpassphrase"       && n > 2) ConvertTo<bool>(params[2]);
-    if (strMethod == "listsinceblock"         && n > 1) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[1]);
-
-    if (strMethod == "sendalert"              && n > 2) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[2]);
-    if (strMethod == "sendalert"              && n > 3) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[3]);
-    if (strMethod == "sendalert"              && n > 4) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[4]);
-    if (strMethod == "sendalert"              && n > 5) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[5]);
-    if (strMethod == "sendalert"              && n > 6) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[6]);
+    if (strMethod == "listsinceblock"         && n > 1) ConvertTo<int64_t>(params[1]);
 
     if (strMethod == "sendmany"               && n > 1) ConvertTo<Object>(params[1]);
-    if (strMethod == "sendmany"               && n > 2) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[2]);
+    if (strMethod == "sendmany"               && n > 2) ConvertTo<int64_t>(params[2]);
     if (strMethod == "reservebalance"         && n > 0) ConvertTo<bool>(params[0]);
     if (strMethod == "reservebalance"         && n > 1) ConvertTo<double>(params[1]);
-    if (strMethod == "addmultisigaddress"     && n > 0) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[0]);
+    if (strMethod == "addmultisigaddress"     && n > 0) ConvertTo<int64_t>(params[0]);
     if (strMethod == "addmultisigaddress"     && n > 1) ConvertTo<Array>(params[1]);
-    if (strMethod == "listunspent"            && n > 0) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[0]);
-    if (strMethod == "listunspent"            && n > 1) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[1]);
+    if (strMethod == "listunspent"            && n > 0) ConvertTo<int64_t>(params[0]);
+    if (strMethod == "listunspent"            && n > 1) ConvertTo<int64_t>(params[1]);
     if (strMethod == "listunspent"            && n > 2) ConvertTo<Array>(params[2]);
-    if (strMethod == "getrawtransaction"      && n > 1) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[1]);
+    if (strMethod == "getrawtransaction"      && n > 1) ConvertTo<int64_t>(params[1]);
     if (strMethod == "createrawtransaction"   && n > 0) ConvertTo<Array>(params[0]);
     if (strMethod == "createrawtransaction"   && n > 1) ConvertTo<Object>(params[1]);
     if (strMethod == "signrawtransaction"     && n > 1) ConvertTo<Array>(params[1], true);
     if (strMethod == "signrawtransaction"     && n > 2) ConvertTo<Array>(params[2], true);
-    if (strMethod == "keypoolrefill"          && n > 0) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[0]);
+    if (strMethod == "keypoolrefill"          && n > 0) ConvertTo<int64_t>(params[0]);
     if (strMethod == "getblockheader"         && n > 1) ConvertTo<bool>(params[1]);
-    if (strMethod == "estimatefee"            && n > 0) ConvertTo<boost::int64_t>(params[0]);
+    if (strMethod == "estimatefee"            && n > 0) ConvertTo<int64_t>(params[0]);
     if (strMethod == "getaddressbalance"     && n > 0) ConvertTo<Object>(params[0]);
     if (strMethod == "getaddressutxos"       && n > 0) ConvertTo<Object>(params[0]);
     if (strMethod == "getaddresstxids"       && n > 0) ConvertTo<Object>(params[0]);
@@ -1481,7 +1510,7 @@ int CommandLineRPC(int argc, char *argv[])
     }
     catch (...)
     {
-        PrintException(NULL, "CommandLineRPC()");
+        PrintException(nullptr, "CommandLineRPC()");
     }
 
     if (strPrint != "")
@@ -1500,18 +1529,18 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 #ifdef _MSC_VER
     // Turn off Microsoft heap dump noise
     _CrtSetReportMode(_CRT_WARN, _CRTDBG_MODE_FILE);
-    _CrtSetReportFile(_CRT_WARN, CreateFile("NUL", GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, 0));
+    _CrtSetReportFile(_CRT_WARN, CreateFile("NUL", GENERIC_WRITE, 0, nullptr, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, 0));
 #endif
-    setbuf(stdin, NULL);
-    setbuf(stdout, NULL);
-    setbuf(stderr, NULL);
+    setbuf(stdin, nullptr);
+    setbuf(stdout, nullptr);
+    setbuf(stderr, nullptr);
 
     try
     {
         if (argc >= 2 && string(argv[1]) == "-server")
         {
             printf("server ready\n");
-            ThreadRPCServer(NULL);
+            ThreadRPCServer(nullptr);
         }
         else
         {
@@ -1521,7 +1550,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
     catch (std::exception& e) {
         PrintException(&e, "main()");
     } catch (...) {
-        PrintException(NULL, "main()");
+        PrintException(nullptr, "main()");
     }
     return 0;
 }